“1+X”证书制度下的汽车检测与维修专业“三教”存在问题研究

在教学过程中,师资,教材,教法是基本内容,教学质量指标也受到影响。本文以新能汽车检验维修专业为例,对职教二十条进行了分析。职业教育三教一体化改革的重要性,同时,针对教师,教材和教学方法等问题提出了切实可行的改革思路,仅供相关人员参考。     

基于Simulink及ASAM标准的可变维数查表功能研究与实现

基于Simulink及ASAM标准,研究了可变维数查表功能的嵌入式实现与操作方法,并在INCA环境下,对可变维数查表功能进行了测试,测试结果表明,可变维数查表功能能够满足不同的MAP维数应用需求,可以使ECU控制系统软件具有更好的可扩展性、可维护性以及通用性。     

柴油超临界喷雾大涡数值模拟研究

随着现代内燃机燃烧室内温度和压力的不断提升,液体燃料往往处于超临界状态,与亚临界状态相比,其喷雾射流行为特征发生了很大的变化.本研究采用大涡数值模拟方法对超临界环境下的单组分和多组分柴油表征燃料喷雾射流进行数值计算,对比了不同气体状态方程预测柴油表征燃料超临界射流行为的差异性,发现PR气体状态方程对正庚烷质量分数分布的...     

公路隧道施工超前地质预报技术方法研究现状综述

本文将公路隧道施工超前地质预报技术方法分为地质分析法、现场测试法、地球物理方法和数值模拟法等4大类,系统阐述了国内外公路隧道施工超前地质预报技术方法的研究现状,并在某些方面提出了一些新的见解。     

Improving train service reliability by applying an effective timetable robustness strategy

ABSTRACT

To avoid propagation of delays in dense railway timetables, it is important to ensure robustness. One strategy to improve robustness is to provide adequate amount of buffer times between trains. This study concerns how “scheduled minimum headways” should be determined in order to improve robustness in timetables. Scheduled minimum headways include technical minimum headway plus some buffer time. We propose a strategy to be implemented in timetables at the final stages of planning and prior to the operations. The main contributions of this study are 1) to propose a strategy where the size of the scheduled minimum headways is dependent on trains' travel times instead of a fixed-sized time slot and it is called “travel time dependent scheduled minimum headways” or TTDSMH, 2) to evaluate the effects of the new strategy on heterogeneity, speed, and the number of trains in timetables, 3) to show that a simple strategy can improve robustness without imposing major changes in timetables. The strategy is implemented in an Mixed Integer Linear Programming framework for timetabling and tested for some problem instances from Sweden. Results show that TTDSMH can improve robustness. The proposed strategy can be applied in intelligent transportation tools for railway timetabling.     

Design of tyre force excitation for tyre–road friction estimation

Knowledge of the current tyre–road friction coefficient is essential for future autonomous vehicles. The environmental conditions, and the tyre–road friction in particular, determine both the braking distance and the maximum cornering velocity and thus set the boundaries for the vehicle. Tyre–road friction is difficult to estimate during normal driving due to low levels of tyre force excitation. This problem can be solved by using active tyre force excitation. A torque is added to one or several wheels in the purpose of estimating the tyre–road friction coefficient. Active tyre force excitation provides the opportunity to design the tyre force excitation freely. This study investigates how the tyre force should be applied to minimise the error of the tyre–road friction estimate. The performance of different excitation strategies was found to be dependent on both tyre model choice and noise level. Furthermore, the advantage with using tyre models with more parameters decreased when noise was added to the force and slip ratio.     

State estimation in roll dynamics for commercial vehicles

Accurate lateral load transfer estimation plays an important role in improving the performance of the active rollover prevention system equipped in commercial vehicles. This estimation depends on the accurate prediction of roll angles for both the sprung and the unsprung subsystems. This paper proposes a novel computational method for roll-angle estimation in commercial vehicles employing sensors which are already used in a vehicle dynamic control system without additional expensive measurement units. The estimation strategy integrates two blocks. The first block contains a sliding-mode observer which is responsible for calculating the lateral tyre forces, while in the second block, the Kalman filter estimates the roll angles of the sprung mass and those of axles in the truck. The validation is conducted through MATLAB/TruckSim co-simulation. Based on the comparison between the estimated results and the simulation results from TruckSim, it can be concluded that the proposed estimation method has a promising tracking performance with low computational cost and high convergence speed. This approach enables a low-cost solution for the rollover prevention in commercial vehicles.     

锈蚀光圆钢筋混凝土受弯构件受力性能试验研究

进行了21根钢筋混凝土梁试件的试验,考察了钢筋锈蚀程度、钢筋直径等因素对配光圆钢筋混凝土梁力学性能的影响,分析了不同钢筋锈蚀率下混凝土梁破坏形态和承载能力的变化规律,讨论了钢筋-混凝土间黏结退化对构件承载性能的影响。试验结果表明:光圆钢筋的锈蚀致使钢筋截面积减小,拉伸强度降低,从而使锈蚀梁的承载能力下降;另一方面钢筋与混凝土之间的黏结退化也致使受弯结构的力学性能退化,但在钢筋达到屈服的条件下,钢筋与混凝土间黏结退化不是致使结构承载力降低的主要因素,对构件屈强比等性能也未产生显著影响。     

常规沥青的针入度等级和PG高温等级间的关系

选取了具有代表性和涵盖性的7种常规沥青试样,分别进行了薄膜烘箱老化前后的25℃针入度和多个温度下的动态剪切试验;测试了沥青胶浆以及经现场老化的常规沥青的25℃针入度及其PG高温指标。在综合分析各种沥青的试验结果的基础上,提出了常规沥青的针入度等级和SUPERPAVE的PG高温等级间的关系。