预应力混凝土梁实际刚度的测试及分析

用挠度法计算预应力梁的残余预应力时,预应力梁的实际刚度是一个难以确定的参数,要测试刚度就必须借助于可直接测量的挠度来推算。测试的结果表明预应力梁的实际刚度总是小于规范中的计算刚度。依据这种试验方法,可以测试在役的预应力混凝土梁的当前实际刚度,这就为计算在役梁的残余预应力提供了可能。     

基于故障树方法的铁路隧道紧急救援站间距分析

为研究铁路隧道紧急救援站合理间距,给铁路隧道防灾疏散救援土建结构设计提供参考,在分析铁路隧道紧急救援站设置影响因素的基础上,采用故障树分析方法,综合考虑隧道设计参数、列车制动性能、人员操作失误、火灾燃烧特性等关键因素,演绎分析建立相应的故障树模型,得到火灾列车不能到达紧急救援站事故的风险概率.研究结果表明:(1)采用故...     

Research on numerical welding experiment of a thick spherical shell structure

In this paper, in order to predict the residual deformation of thick spherical structure, a welding program is compiled in APDL language based on Ansys and a numerical welding experiment of a welding example is carried out. The temperature field of welding was simulated firstly, then a thermal-structure coupling analysis was carried out, and at last the residual stress and deformation after welding were got. After that, the numerical experiment result was compared with physical experiment one. The comparative analysis shows that the numerical simulation fits well with physical experiment. On the basis of that, a three-dimensional numerical experiment of a thick spherical shell structure was carried out to get the changing rule of stress and deformation of a thick spherical shell structure during welding. The research is of great value to the prediction of residual deformation and high precision machining.     

快速多极多域虚边界元法解不同材料组合结构

将快速多极算法和广义极小残值法（GMRES）的基本思想运用于虚边界元法的方程求解中,并构造了多域组合问题虚边界元法的快速多极展开的实施思路,且将此方法用于不同材料组合结构问题的求解.采用此方法能够使得原问题方程组求解的计算耗时量和储存量降至与所求问题的计算自由度数成线性比例.数值算例验证了方法的可行性、计算精度和计算效率.     

钻孔法检测残余预应力的有限元计算

用有限元法计算平板构件和预应力混凝土梁在钻孔前后的应力应变分布。结果表明,钻孔法检测预应力混凝土梁的残余预应力时,应变片的位置选择很重要;建议合理的贴片位置,并给出检测残余预应力时的修正系数。这一研究成果是钻孔法检测预应力混凝土梁残余预应力的基础,可以为该方法的工程应用提供参考。     

Vibrations of imperfect ship plating

This paper deals with vibration analysis of plates in marine structures. It is the main purpose of the paper to demonstrate that in order to obtain reliable frequency predictions it is necessary to include in the vibration analysis the effects of the unavoidable imperfections caused by welding or lateral fluid pressure. Furthermore, practical procedures for including these effects are presented. Simple algebraic expressions are derived for determination of small amplitude natural frequencies of vibration of initially imperfect rectangular plates subjected to uniaxial in-plane loads. The theoretical results show close agreement with experimental results available in the literature. For plating of marine structures with typical welding induced geometric imperfections and residual stresses it is shown that the lowest natural frequency of the unloaded imperfect plate can be twice as high as that of the perfect plate. For vibration analyses of plates submerged in a liquid the importance of taking into account deflections and membrane stresses caused by the hydrostatic pressure is demonstrated.     

梗阻性黄疸的CT诊断

本文分析了经手术、病理证实的梗阻性黄疸44例的CT表现,提示根据胆道系统扩张,梗阻确诊率可这100%;依据胆道扩张范围,梗阻部位判断准确率为88.6%;结合病史、梗阻部位及梗阻端形态变化,病因诊断正确率为81.8%。指出恶性肿瘤是引起梗阻的主要原因,占72.7%。     

利用巴克豪森效应测量转向架焊接构架残余应力

随着列车速度的提高,高速客车转向架构架在焊接过程中产生的残余应力对焊接构架性能的影响日益突出,其后果可能造成构架开裂,危及行车安全。因此测定并掌握焊接残余应力在焊接构架中的分布规律十分必要。利用巴克豪森效应测量转向架焊接构架残余应力是有效的方法之一。本文分析了巴克豪森效应测量原理,研究了系统的测量方法,并对大量测量数据进行了统计分析,从而确定了构件的残余应力分布,并从工艺上提出了消除残余应力的对策。     

16V265H柴油机机体国产化振动时效工艺研究

本文分析了16V265H柴油机机体加工后变形的问题,并提出残余应力是机体产生变形的重要因素,由此,制定出合理的振动时效工艺规程,确保了16V265H柴油机机体加工质量.     

基于整体-局部方法的焊接构架承载能力的分析

高速列车转向架焊接构架是重要的承载部件,承载能力与状况直接关系到安全运营.针对焊接构架承载问题,通过整体模型承载分析确定局部薄弱结构位置、边界条件以及受力信息,实现三重非线性的焊接过程仿真,通过温度场与应力场结果与试验对比验证其可行性.以非闭合焊缝牵引座结构为例,建立局部模型,分析对比焊接残余应力对结构承载的影响.