不停车收费系统（ETC）关键技术浅析

文中介绍了ETC系统的三大关键技术：车辆自动识别技术（AVI）、自动车型分类技术（AVC）、违章车辆抓拍技术（VEC）,对ETC收费中主流的通讯方式DSRC的各组成部分进行了分析,给出了车载电子标签和微波天线的技术指标,介绍了ETC系统的工作流程。最后对运行过程中ETC存在的问题进行详细总结和分析,给出了相应的解决方法。     

Quantifying the environmental impacts of increasing high occupancy vehicle lanes in the United States

To what extent will increasing High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane-kilometer incentivize carpooling and reduce emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases? To answer these questions, we develop a multiple regression model relating HOV lanes and other socioeconomic factors to carpooling propensity in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia, then calculate the extent to which increasing HOV lane-kilometers would lead to reductions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) and major air pollutants across the U.S., by state. Increasing HOV lane extent has the greatest potential to reduce annual CO₂e in the District of Columbia, followed by Hawaii and New York. The smallest potential is found in states with the lowest population density, led by North Dakota. We then explore the extent to which recommendations made at one level of data aggregation (that of individual states) may be valid for another level, such as individual counties. The only state with sufficient data available to disaggregate the model to the county level is California, where we found a lower potential for state-wide CO₂e emission reductions under the county-level model as compared to the state-level model (0.69% as compared to 1.08%, under the same hypothetical scenario), albeit with significant differences in emission reduction potential between counties with higher vs. lower population densities. This analysis demonstrates the potential to generate generalizable insight into the magnitude of vehicle emission reductions that might be achieved through expanding HOV lanes, and highlights the importance of data disaggregation in identifying the optimal locations for potential reductions.     

基于SAT的可逆线路检测集生成算法

可逆逻辑是量子计算的基本特征,也是日益突出的低能耗需求的一种解决方案。根据可逆电路的可控制性和可观测性,论文提出了一种基于逻辑可满足性的算法来自动产生单门失效错误的完备检测集。基于k-NOT门的可逆逻辑线路中的数据传输进行线性建模,用线性时态逻辑描述单门失效错误约束,运用SAT求解器寻求反例的方法自动生成可逆电路的错误检测集。实验结果显示,本方法能够有效的应用于不规则和复杂的基于k-NOT门的可逆逻辑线路,自动化程度高。     

隔离设施对BRT运行速度的影响分析

为了提高BRT的安全运行速度，以增强BRT的安全性、高效性为出发点，通过系统分析有无隔离设施、隔离设施的种类、隔离设施的安装方式以及驾驶员心理等影响BRT运行速度的因素，比较不同路段BRT运行速度的差别。结果表明，BRT在有物理隔离的专用道上的运行速度比无物理隔离专用道上高38．14％，比合用公交专用道高41．49％。     

A problem of limited-access special lanes. Part I: Spatiotemporal studies of real freeway traffic

Most special-use freeway lanes in the US, whether reserved for carpools, toll-paying commuters or both, are physically separated from the adjacent regular-use lanes by some form of barrier. Vehicle movements in and out of a special lane of this type are permitted only at select access points along the route. The barrier at each select point might open for a distance of 400 m or so. Limiting access in this way is said to reduce the “turbulence” that might otherwise occur were the special lane not to have a barrier, such that vehicles could instead enter or exit that lane anywhere along its length.Yet, real freeway traffic studied in spatiotemporal fashion shows that access points are prone to become bottlenecks. The problem occurs when traffic in the regular lanes becomes dense, as commonly happens during a rush. Drivers then seek refuge in the special lane in greater numbers. Since the vehicular maneuvers through the access point are focused within a limited physical space, they can become disruptive and further degrade traffic. Degradation can occur both in the special lane and in the adjacent regular ones. The damage can be worse than when there is no barrier to limit special-lane ingress and egress.The problem is shown to be reproducible across sites and across days at each site. Policy implications are discussed. Select designs and policies to address the problem are thereafter explored in Part II of the paper using traffic simulation.     

新型BCD加法器及其可逆逻辑实现

可逆逻辑是最近几年迅速发展起来的新兴研究领域,由于它在传递信息时能减少能量损耗而引起各方面越来越多的关注.该文设计了一种新型的4×4可逆逻辑门—NC门,该门能够独立实现可逆BCD溢出检测逻辑电路.同时,借助作者曾经设计的4×4可逆加法电路—ZS门,设计出一种新型可逆BCD加法电路.设计的电路与以往的相比,无论是在门的数...     

信控交叉口上游港湾公交停靠站仿真研究

布设于信控交叉口上游处的港湾式公交停靠站是一种常见的设站形式,但对其布设位置并无明确标准。基于Vissim软件进行仿真,分析不同饱和度下的不同设站位置对运行车流的延误影响,找到不同饱和度下的最佳设站位置。通过对乌鲁木齐市南昌路口公交站点进行优化,得出其进口道延误有所减少的结论。     

基于Paramics的ETC专用车道布设位置仿真

研究了高速公路收费站ETC车道的设置位置与整个收费站的运行效率的关系,从而优化车道布置。基于Paramics仿真软件,以上海市某高速公路主线收费站出口为例,以降低车辆运行延误、减少收费站排队长度为优化目标,通过对比新增ETC专用车道分别设置在不同位置下的收费站运行效率,研究ETC专用车道的最佳布设位置。经过分析,在收费车道数较多的情况下,两侧各设置1条ETC车道有利于减少车辆交织,提高收费站的运行效率。     

中山东部快速路焦树山隧道结构设计与施工

随着城市经济快速发展,城市快速路大量建设,其中双洞八车道城市快速道路隧道的建设也越来越多,其与山岭隧道的设计施工方法有一定差异。中山市东部快线工程焦树山隧道是双洞八车道小净距隧道,以其勘察设计为例,详细介绍焦树山隧道工程地质条件、断面形式、结构设计及施工方案设计。     

三氧化钨薄膜的制备及其亲水/疏水性能转变研究

在预先用聚多巴胺薄膜处理的玻璃基底上,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出三氧化钨(WO3)薄膜,用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征手段来分析其物相组成和形貌特征.对WO3薄膜在UV光照射下和黑暗的环境中发生亲水/疏水转换的现象进行研究,最后得出WO3薄膜表面润湿性转化的机理.