Modeling and analysis of thin-walled Al/steel explosion welded transition joints for shipbuilding applications

The study presents an analysis of S355J2+N steel and AA5083 aluminum alloy welded structural joints using explosion welded transition joints of reduced thickness. The transition joint thickness reduction significantly hinders the welding of the joints due to the risk of damage to the Al/steel interface as a result of the high temperatures during welding. Numerical modeling of the welding process is performed to determine safe welding parameters for the transition joint. The numerical analysis is supported by measurements of the temperature areas by a thermographic method. Welded structural joints are analyzed to determine the welding influence on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the transition joints. On this basis, a number of tests are carried out, including microhardness distribution measurements, strength tests of joints in two welding configurations and strength tests of the microspecimens of transition joints. Moreover, an experimental and numerical analysis of strain and stress distributions is carried out in combination with the use of the finite element method and digital image correlation, which allow us to identify the critical areas of the joints with regards to their strength. The results of the microstructural and strength tests carried out using macro- and microspecimens show softening of the aluminum alloy layers. However, the AA5083 and AA1050 layer softening as a result of welding did not reduce the load capacity of the transition joints, which could determine the strength of the dissimilar Al/steel welded structural joints.     

盾构隧道专用塑化剂对同步注浆浆液性质影响研究

为探究专用塑化剂对盾构隧道壁后注浆浆液性质的影响，通过室内试验对塑化剂不同掺量的同步注浆浆液性质进行测定，并通过固结试验装置探究改良后浆液在不同地层中的固结特性。研究表明： 1）盾构隧道盾尾壁后注浆专用塑化剂能够在不影响浆液强度的前提下，缩短浆液的凝结时间，随着塑化剂添加量的提高，浆液的泌水率、稠度、流动度都有减小的趋势； 2）专用塑化剂的最优掺量为0.4%~1.2%，在该范围添加量下，浆液的性能得到进一步提升，凝结时间会缩短； 3）改良后浆液在地层中的固结时间、沉降量、强度与地层性质相关，在粉质黏土、粉砂与粗砂3种地层中，改良后浆液固结完成时间依次减小，最终体积收缩率依次增大，28 d无侧限抗压强度依次减小。     

三塔悬索桥中塔弹性纵向约束对结构设计的影响

以泰州大桥为例,用有限元法分析了三塔悬索桥中塔弹性纵向约束的合理弹性刚度,研究了弹性纵向约束对主塔、加劲梁、主缆以及结构动力特性的影响,研究结果表明,设置弹性索能有效改善三塔悬索桥的受力性能。     

考虑触变性的沥青疲劳过程分析

为了深入研究沥青的疲劳机理,解决现有沥青疲劳机理中没有考虑触变性的影响这一关键问题,对4种沥青进行了稳态剪切试验、疲劳试验和愈合试验。根据试验结果建立了沥青的触变模型,分析了触变性对沥青疲劳过程的影响,并将触变性的影响从沥青的疲劳过程中分离出来。试验结果表明：指数触变模型可以较好地拟合稳态剪切试验下沥青粘度与剪切时间的关系;沥青抗剪切能力随着间歇时间的增加逐渐恢复;沥青的动态模量一相位角关系曲线可以较好地反映触变性对沥青疲劳过程的影响;触变性影响分离前后,沥青的疲劳曲线存在明显差别,因此仅依据损伤机理研究沥青的疲劳是不合理的,应综合考虑损伤和触变性在沥青疲劳过程中发挥的作用。     

采用加强型贝雷梁基础的桥梁支架施工工艺

在公路、市政桥梁建设中,桥梁施工支架系统采用钢管立柱门洞、贝雷梁架门洞及型钢门洞等形式作为跨越通行道路或河道的方法,各地的操作工艺已经非常成熟,但是大跨径的门洞搭设为数不多,也未见理论性指导和操作规程的归属。本文以某高架桥的施工作为工程实例来阐述贝雷梁在桥梁支架系统中的应用。     

成都盆地西缘第四纪砾石层成因及其工程特性研究

成都盆地西南缘大面积分布第四纪沉积物,整体上岩性主要为一套黄灰色、灰黄色砂砾层、粘土层。根据多条铁路的野外考察和部分试验结果,对砾石层进行成因及风化特征研究,并对其工程地质性质作出初步评价。根据历史成因分为四个主要类型:大邑砾石层（Q1）、名邛砾石层（Q21）、丹思砾石层（Q22）、雅安砾石层（Q31）。区内砾石层普遍存在风化作用,它对工程性质的影响较为明显。     

关于17-4PH沉淀硬化不锈钢综合性能的研究

为提高汽车中轴的使用性能（抗耐磨、高硬度和较好的冲击韧性）,对17—4PH不锈钢进行试验研究,通过合理控制化学成分及调整热处理工艺,对该钢进行热处理工艺制度的优化试验,并对热处理后的材料进行力学性能、显微组织以及X射线分析试验。分析试验数据,观察材料的微观组织,研究热处理工艺对材料组织和耐磨性能的影响,摸索出在1050℃固熔＋520℃时效处理后。硬度与耐磨性最高,冲击韧性较好,满足了性能要求。     

江苏某地互层状土的岩土工程特性

互层状土是具有某种特殊性质的土层.基于江苏某地互层状土的室内土工试验成果,结合现场原位测试的相关数据,全面阐述互层状土在物理、力学、水理等岩土工程特性,针对互层状土的室内土工试验方法和试验成果的选择提出相关建议,可供类似土层的工程勘察、室内土工试验参考.     

基于多步优化策略的地声参数反演方法与研究

传统的地声参数多步优化反演方法大多选用同一代价函数对不同频段进行反演。文章提出一种新的地声参数反演多步优化策略,针对不同参数选择不同类型的代价函数和信号频段,并应用于某海试实验数据处理,验证了其有效性。     

The use of hydrogen as a fuel for inland waterway units

Escalating apprehension about the harmful effects of widespread use of conventional fossil fuels in the marine field and in internal combustion engines in general, has led to a vast amount of efforts and the directing of large capital investment towards research and development of sustainable alternative energy sources. One of the most promising and abundant of these sources is hydrogen. Firstly, the use of current fossil fuels is. discussed focusing on the emissions and economic sides to emphasize the need for a new, cleaner and renewable fuel with particular reference to hydrogen as a suitable possible alternative. Hydrogen properties, production and storage methods are then reviewed along with its suitability from the economical point of view. Finally, a cost analysis for the use of hydrogen in internal combustion engines is carried out to illustrate the benefits of its use as a replacement for diesel. The outcome of this cost analysis shows that 98% of the capital expenditure is consumed by the equipment, and 68.3% of the total cost of the equipment is spent on the solar photovoltaic cells. The hydrogen plant is classified as a large investment project because of its high initial cost which is about 1 billion US$; but this is justified because hydrogen is produced in a totally green way. When hydrogen is used as a fuel, no harmful emissions are obtained.