Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

Models and methodology for optimal trajectory generation in safety-critical road–vehicle manoeuvres

There is currently a strongly growing interest in obtaining optimal control solutions for vehicle manoeuvres, both in order to understand optimal vehicle behaviour and, perhaps more importantly, to devise improved safety systems, either by direct deployment of the solutions or by including mimicked driving techniques of professional drivers. However, it is non-trivial to find the right combination of models, optimisation criteria, and optimisation tools to get useful results for the above purposes. Here, a platform for investigation of these aspects is developed based on a state-of-the-art optimisation tool together with adoption of existing vehicle chassis and tyre models. A minimum-time optimisation criterion is chosen for the purpose of gaining an insight into at-the-limit manoeuvres, with the overall aim of finding improved fundamental principles for future active safety systems. The proposed method to trajectory generation is evaluated in time-manoeuvres using vehicle models established in the literature. We determine the optimal control solutions for three manoeuvres using tyre and chassis models of different complexities. The results are extensively analysed and discussed. Our main conclusion is that the tyre model has a fundamental influence on the resulting control inputs. Also, for some combinations of chassis and tyre models, inherently different behaviour is obtained. However, certain variables important in vehicle safety-systems, such as the yaw moment and the body-slip angle, are similar for several of the considered model configurations in aggressive manoeuvring situations.     

向量时序SVM-AR模型在公路软土地基沉降中的预测研究

为提高公路软土地基沉降预测的精度,提高工程的安全性,文中分别探讨了SVM模型和时序AR模型适用范围和特点,并结合2类模型各自优点提出SVM-AR模型。该模型用SVM模型预测趋势沉降量,用AR模型预测随机沉降量,然后组合获得预测沉降量。工程实例表明,SVM-AR比SVM模型预测结果更为准确,更好地反映公路软土地基沉降过程。     

等维灰数递补技术在隧道地表沉降预测中的研究与应用

基于等维灰数递补数据处理技术,建立了等维灰数递补GM(1,1)模型,对洞口山体沉降进行预测和模拟,以判定洞口山体的稳定性。结果表明:等维灰数递补数据处理技术充分利用了系统响应的最新信息,降低了预测系统的灰度,提高了模型的预测精度,预测结果可靠,与常规灰色预测模型相比,该法更具有实用价值。     

并联高架路的中间匝道及岛式车站站棚

并联高架路是一种车辆在高架道路上逆向行驶,主要为城市公共交通服务的道路。地面道路与并联高架路联系的匝道设在并联高架路的中间;岛式车站站棚的立柱设在岛式站台的两侧,这样岛式车站内空间宽敞,站棚受力合理,结构稳固,适合在站棚下安装为电动汽车充电的接触板。     

普通公路路面补强设计方案选择

通过对各种路面补强设计方案进行对比分析、计算,提出了相应条件下路面补强设计方案的选择建议.     

加筋土工程设计方法研究

通过将当前加筋土工程设计方法归纳为三大类，并重点阐述各设计方法的基本假设、原理和适应范围等，找出三者之间的异同。可为加筋土工程设计方法的进一步研究提供铺垫。     

路堤沉降与稳定观测数据处理方法对比分析

用双曲线回归拟合法、指数曲线拟合法和星野法3种方法进行了路堤沉降与稳定观测数据的处理，通过对拟合结果的分析说明了三种方法的各自特点。结果表明，3种方法的短期沉降预测能力均较好，星野法模型较其它两个模型与实际最贴近，双曲线模型与星野法模型拟合效果相近，而指数曲线模型预测的最终沉降量较另外两个模型偏大。     

浅谈船长与期租船的财务结算

航运业的财务收入主要就是船舶运货的运费和船舶出租的租金,而租金收入与定期租船的租船时间和必要营运成本紧密相关。因此作为租金收入结算的重要财务信息票据——船长(舶)签单,在财务结算收入中作用重大,不可轻视。     

逐次升维的共轭方向法

本文提出一种求函数极值的共轭方向直接法。它构造一组共轭方向需一维求优的次数比原Powell法减少一半,且无共轭方向降维的问题。经多种检验函数测定表明,它比改进Powell法具有程序化容易、速度快、精度高的明显优势。