沥青路面PCI中车辙换算系数研究

通过对国内外车辙换算系数取值方法的研究,结合实体工程的实测数据与实际路况的对比,对现有车辙换算系数的优缺点进行了分析,提出了车辙换算系数的连续式计算公式。研究表明:根据现有车辙换算系数计算方法计算得到PCI指标值,与实际路况多数存在较大的偏差;而采用研究提出的车辙换算系数计算公式得到的PCI指标值,与实际路况有较好的一致性。     

适于双周期的干道绿波信号协调控制模型

针对现有双周期干道绿波信号协调控制方法存在的不足,首先推导了适于双周期 协调控制的等式约束条件,其次详细分析了现有研究成果存在的缺陷,再次以双向权重绿波 带宽之和最大为优化目标,建立了适于双周期协调控制的绿波协调控制模型;最后以义乌市 望道路为例,利用VISSIM 仿真平台对比本文模型与改进MULTIBAND模型生成的协调控制 方案之间的优劣.仿真结果对比表明,相比于改进MULTIBAND模型,本文模型生成的协调控 制方案在高、中、低交通需求下均能够有效减少平均延误时间与停车次数,从而验证了本文所 建模型的有效性与实用性.     

�׶����˽�ͨ���ִ���

较详细地分析了2008年奥运会对北京交通的要求，介绍了以科技奥运的理念组织北京2008年奥运会的交通系统的建设框架，研究了首都应采取的智能化交通管理的手段和实施的对策，以提高北京奥运交通服务水平和确保交通安全畅通.     

A methodology for identifying similar days in air traffic flow management initiative planning

This article describes a methodology for selecting days that are comparable in terms of the conditions faced during air traffic flow management initiative planning. This methodology includes the use of specific data sources, specific features of calendar days defined using these data sources, and the application of a specific form of classification and then cluster analysis. The application of this methodology will produce results that enable historical analysis of the use of initiatives and evaluation of the relative success of different courses of action. Several challenges are overcome here including the need to identify the appropriate machine learning algorithms to apply, to quantify the differences between calendar days, to select features describing days, to obtain appropriate raw data, and to evaluate results in a meaningful way. These challenges are overcome via a review of relevant literature, the identification and trial of several useful models and data sets, and careful application of methods. For example, the cluster analysis that ultimately selects sets of similar days uses a distance metric based on variable importance measures from a separate classification model of observed initiatives. The methodology defined here is applied to the New York area, although it could be applied by other researchers to other areas.     

预制块体路面结构力学特性的有限元计算分析

针对预制块路面结构特点建立力学分析模型,运用数值分析软件对其路表弯沉进行计算,分析预制决厚度、基层模量、基层厚度及土基模量对块体路面结构受力的影响.计算结果表明,随着块体厚度增加,路表计算弯沉逐渐减小;在块体厚度相同的情况下,基层厚度越大,路表计算弯沉越小;基层底面的弯拉应力随土基模量增大而减小.     

BRT信号优先控制系统模式研究

BRT信号优先是解决城市BRT车辆在交叉口延误的有效方式。从BRT公交的运行特点及3种传统的信号控制模式入手,提出一种BRT全线路段定周期优先感应控制模式,并论述其优化思想及控制流程,以更好地适应中国的交通流特征,提高路网的运行水平。     

基于最短路径搜索的动态随机交通分配

提出了一个基于Logit方法的动态交通随机分配模型,该模型通过最短路算法和随机分配来解决动态均衡交通分配中的出行选择问题,避免了以往动态交通均衡分配中解凸规划或非线性规划问题,同时不需要路径枚举,从而使本模型更适合于大型路网的动态交通分配．随后的算例证实了该模型的可行性。     

汽车非线性悬架的混沌研究

采用基于实测数据建立的非线性悬架模型,分析了汽车悬架中的非线性弹簧力和阻尼力,对非线性悬架系统的混沌运动进行了研究.在单频正弦路面、拟周期路面以及随机路面激励情况下,仿真计算得到了系统的响应.分析各激励下系统的相轨迹、庞加莱(Poincaré)截面、时间历程曲线、功率谱图及李亚谱诺夫(Lyapunov)指数图,结果表明非线性悬架系统中存在混沌现象.     

Controlled mechanical vibration applied to driver’s right heel to sustain alertness: Effects on cardiovascular behavior

Vehicle-related countermeasures to sustain driver’s alertness might improve traffic safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of somatosensory 20 Hz mechanical vibration, applied to driver’s right heel during prolonged, simulated, monotonous driving, on their cardiovascular hemodynamic behavior. In 12 healthy young male volunteers, during 90-min periods of simulated monotonous driving, we compared cardiovascular variables during application of 20 Hz mechanical vibration with 1.5 Hz as a control and with no vibration. The parameters recorded were indices of key cardiovascular hemodynamic phenomena, i.e., blood pressure as an indicator of stress, cardiac output, and total peripheral-vascular resistance. The principle results were that all conditions increased the mean blood pressure, and elicited a vascular-dominant reaction pattern typically observed in monotonous driving tasks. However, mean blood pressure and total peripheral-vascular resistance during the monotonous task were significantly decreased in those receiving the 20 Hz vibration as compared with 1.5 Hz and with no vibration. The observed differences indicate the cardiovascular system being more relieved from monotonous driving stress with the 20 Hz vibration. The major conclusion is that applying 20 Hz mechanical vibration to the right heel during long-distance driving in non-sleepy drivers could facilitate more physiologically appropriate status for vehicle operation and could be a potential vehicular countermeasure technology.     

基于瞬时阻抗的路径规划策略仿真性能评估

根据对实时路况的数据处理方式,常见的动态路径规划策略可分为瞬时阻抗T-SPF和平均阻抗A-SPF两种方式.如何验证这些策略的个体效益及其对城市路网的中长期影响一直是相关系统部署的核心问题.针对这一问题,通过Vissim的Car2X模块与自定义程序实现了仿真中的动态转向,并以现实路网为蓝本,对T-SPF和A-SPF在不同程度的市场占有率情况下的运行性能进行了测试.测试结果表明2种现有策略都存在各自的问题;当市场占有率达到15%以上时,T-SPF 策略可能令路网的通行容量处于振荡状态,而实施了 A-SPF 的路网的平均延误和通行量表现稳定,但在个体效益方面表现还不如静态策略.建议为城市路网实施路径规划时设计新的策略以及与之匹配的信号优化机制.