SNS高强度格栅系统在京承铁路边坡病害防护工程中的应用

京承铁路K115+900~K116+000左侧路堑边坡的低能级落石、坡面浅层溜坍病害,将影响行车安全。在分析传统圬工支挡结构和柔性防护系统对边坡防治方案综合评价的基础上,提出了SNS高强度格栅系统及其主要结构布置参数,并据此确定了系统的防护形式和防护能级。格栅设置后,取得了良好的防护效果,确保了铁路的安全运营。     

基于停车共享的已建成区停车需求分析方法

在大城市中心城区提倡实施停车共享策略的背景下,着重考虑多种停车共享措施组合实施因素,在区域层面提出停车泊位需求分析方法。构建停车规划平衡区,依据地块间的步行距离和动态停车需求互补性,将区内各地块间的共享拓扑关系抽象为两地块共享结构和链式结构、环式结构、混合结构等多地块共享结构。针对各类结构的特点提出共享条件下总泊位需求的分析流程,并重点面向链式结构和环式结构建立双层规划模型,兼顾泊位资源配置的效率和均衡性。将这一方法应用于南京市中心城区典型区域内,发现考虑多种停车共享措施组合实施的泊位总需求比不实施停车共享措施时减少20%~25%。该方法适用于估算各地块在实施停车共享措施条件下的静态泊位需求,为已建成区域拟定共享措施和调整停车配建标准提供支持。     

青岛海底隧道围岩应力场与渗流场相互作用数值模拟

青岛海底隧道工程海域段穿越断裂破碎带,岩体呈碎裂结构,岩质软硬不均。为对岩体渗流场与洞周围岩开挖二次应力场二者间进行相互作用分析,应用非线性有限元程序ABAQUS检算施工期海底隧道开挖和衬护结构施作后,围岩体渗流场与隧道开挖二次应力场间的相互作用,得出围岩体渗流场、应力场的分布规律、洞周围岩塑性区的分布和范围,为海底隧道工程提供设计、施工依据。     

半幅高架与环形匝道组合互通式立交桥设计

小西湖立交改造工程为我国Ⅷ度以上高震区较大规模的互通式立交,桥梁面积26 512.7 m2,桥梁上部结构及下部结构类型较多,环形匝道采用平曲线最低指标,最小半径仅15m,主线共布置了16种桥墩类型,匝道布置了6种类型桥墩。该文重点介绍该立交改造工程的方案设计思路、技术难度、结构与构造形式及受力状况,可为同类立交桥设计提供借鉴。     

三塔斜拉桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验

为研究三塔斜拉桥索塔锚固区的局部受力特性,以2×616 m的三塔组合梁斜拉桥为研究对象,运用ANSYS的APDL语言建立了索塔锚固区的梁-实-接触参数化有限元模型。对不同高度模型的数值结果进行了对比分析,确定出合理的试验模型高度。在此基础上,选取索塔锚固区有代表性的节段进行了足尺模型试验,并对试验的测试内容、测试步骤和试验方法进行了详细阐述。研究结果表明:短边、长边预应力钢筋的预应力损失分别占张拉力的15.3%、10.4%;实测值与计算值基本吻合,锚固区有足够的压应力储备;在正常使用状态下,与现有双塔斜拉桥索塔锚固区模型相比,试验模型其顺桥向测点变形最小少1.6倍、最大少4.03倍。     

地震反射波法在锦州凌水湾大桥工程地质勘察中的应用

以锦州凌水湾大桥工程地质勘察项目为例,简要介绍应用地震反射波法进行潮间带野外工程地质勘察的工作原理、仪器设备选择、观测系统设计和观测方法等,以及探测资料解释、处理和综合分析的成果,可供类似潮间带浅水区工程地质勘察项目参考。     

Optimal subwork zone operational strategy for short‐term work zone projects in four‐lane two‐way freeways

Roadside trees in Singapore are regularly trimmed for the purpose of traffic safety and roadside tree‐trimming project is one typical type of short‐term work zone projects. To implement such a short‐term work zone project, contractors usually divide an entire work zone into multiple subwork zones with the uniform length. This paper aims to determine an optimal subwork zone strategy for the short‐term work zone projects in four‐lane two‐way freeways with time window and uniform subwork zone length constraints. The deterministic queuing model is employed to estimate total user delay caused by the work zone project by taking into account variable traffic speeds. Based on the user delay estimations, this paper proceeds to build a minimization model subject to time window and uniform length constraints for the optimal subwork zone strategy problem. This paper also presents a variation of the minimization model to examine the impact of unequal subwork zone length constraint. Since these minimization models belong to the mixed‐integer non‐differentiable optimization problems, an iterative algorithm embedding with the genetic simulated annealing method is thus proposed to solve these models. Finally, a numerical example is carried out to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed models. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process: The Massachusetts experience

Abstract

This paper concerns the limitations on integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process as exemplified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, a state with a strong tradition of “home rule”; and a CZM implementation program based on a “networking”; of existing state authorities. The implications of the Massachusetts experience are that: (a) management of esthetic resources at the state level continues to be much less of a priority than management of ecological resources such as wetlands or floodplains; (b) visual management has yet to engender a strongly supportive constituency beyond that concerned with historic preservation; (c) project review focusing on visual impacts may be a more appropriate activity for local rather than state government; and (d) the technical aspects of visual management or impact assessment are far more advanced than their political acceptability. Political realities, together with the decision that implementation of the program should be based on a networking of existing authorities, thus determined the degree to which visual management could be incorporated into the state's program. As a result, the program's principal instruments of visual management became a strengthening of existing programs such as Wild and Scenic Rivers, reliance on wetland protection statutes to indirectly protect natural scenic values, and the use of the federal consistency provisions of the Coastal Zone Management Act to foster focused growth patterns through provision of publicly funded infrastructures. Esthetically oriented project review, with the exception of potential impacts on historic sites, was left to the discretion of local government, and a technical assistance program was created to provide funding or professional skills to communities interested in developing their own esthetic controls or design review processes. Maine, Rhode Island, and other New England states have followed a similar course.     

Assessment of coastal zone issues in the Republic of Korea

Abstract

The physical characteristics of Korea have had a profound impact on the uses of the coastal zone that have, in turn, been determined by and reinforced the nation's economic development strategy. While coastal zone management in many developed economies is more heavily oriented toward environmental protection and the resolution of user conflicts, policies for coastal zone management in Korea have emphasized the role of coastal space and other resources for economic development and industrial needs. Increasing demand for land reclamation to provide ever‐increasing industrial sites and human settlements, traditional and future needs of the fishery, and concern for the environment have led to a vast array of competition and, finally, often to conflicts. The basic pattern of coastal zone use in Korea has changed from the linear expansion of coastal zone to integrated coastal uses. An increased number of critical coastal zone issues and interactions was reflected in the creation of new governance that dealt with coastal zone resources and environment.