表面不平顺对轮轨摩擦温度场的影响

为揭示轮轨表面破坏与摩擦温升的内在联系,利用有限元和有限差分混合算法,建立了轮轨滚动接触热耦合计算模型,模拟轮轨滚动、滑动接触温升过程。模型中考虑了轮轨间非稳态热传导、与环境的热对流、热辐射,针对轮轨光滑和不平顺两种接触表面情形,分析了滚动、滑动工况下轮轨界面问的摩擦温升状态。计算结果表明轮轨表面不平顺能使经历短时间滑动的轮轨表面倾向于产生宽点状剥离,长时间滑动与滚动工况下表面不平顺对温度场的影响可忽略,滑动工况的温升较滚动工况的大。     

城市宏观交通组织思路及方法

阐述了城市宏观交通组织对解决城市交通问题的意义,在此基础上,从道路可接受服务水平、交通组织措施优选和拥堵范围3个角度分析了城市宏观交通组织方案的设计思路,给出了较完整的交通组织方案设计流程,并将其模拟应用于重庆朝天门地区交通组织方案优化。     

基于程序定义及动态进程的PVM与MPI比较

MPI（Message Passing Interface）与PVM（Parallel Virtual Machine）均为分布式计算中广泛应用的两种并行计算环境。PVM出现的时间早于MPI,且它是一个自包含系统,而MPI是一个标准。目前,在PVM与MPI互相靠拢的过程中,关于两者的比较越来越多。其目的便是通过比较,结合二者之优点,发展起性能更加强大的并行计算环境。仅从程序的定义与实现、以及动态进程两个方面简单阐述了两者的不同,事实上,二者通常被用于解决不同的问题。     

Fault Early Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearings Combining Wavelet Filtering and Degree of Cyclostationarity Analysis

The vibration signals of rolling element bearing are produced by a combination of periodic and random processes due to the machine＇s rotation cycle and interaction with the real world. The combination of such components can give rise to signals, which have periodically time-varying ensemble statistical and are best considered as cyclostationary. When the early fault occurs, the background noise is very heavy, it is difficult to disclose the la- tent periodic components successfully using cyclostationary analysis alone. In this paper the degree of cyclostationarity is combined with wavelet filtering for detection of rolling element bearing early faults. Using the proposed entropy minimization rule. The parameters of the wavelet filter are optimized. This method is shown to be effective in detecting rolling element bearing early fault when cyclostationary analysis by itself fails.     

基于出行方式决策过程的价格调控策略辅助措施研究

从提高个体在价格调控策略下的绿色出行意向入手，制定价格调控策略的辅助措施是提升价格调控策略有效性的重要手段.本文基于出行决策行为变化自调节阶段模型，构建了价格调控策略下的居民出行方式决策过程概念模型.利用拥堵收费和奖励策略下的出行方式决策心理调查数据，基于结构方程模型，对比分析了拥堵收费和奖励策略下不同机动化出行习惯强度个体通勤与非通勤出行方式决策心理的差异化特征.最后，针对出行方式决策过程中动机形成阶段，计划行为阶段，以及实施计划阶段的心理特征，分别提出了价格调控策略的辅助措施，为价格调控策略实施提供了更好的辅助决策支持.     

日本铁道车辆技术的开发动向

介绍最近日本铁道综合技术研究所在铁道车辆方面开发的几项成果,对提高铁道车辆的运行安全性和乘坐舒适度具有实用性。     

Fidelity of using scaled vehicles for chassis dynamic studies

There are many situations where physical testing of a vehicle or vehicle controller is necessary, yet use of a full-size vehicle is not practical. Some situations include implementation testing of novel actuation strategies, analysing the behaviour of chassis feedback control under system faults, or near-unstable situations such as limit handling under driver-assist feedback control. Historically, many have advocated the use of scale vehicles as surrogates for larger vehicles. This article presents analysis and experimental testing that examines the fidelity of using scaled vehicles for vehicle chassis dynamics and control studies. In support of this effort, this work introduces an experimental system called the Pennsylvania State University Rolling Roadway Simulator (the PURRS). In the PURRS, a custom-built scale-sized vehicle is freely driven on a moving roadway surface. While others have used scale-vehicle rolling roadway simulators in the past, this work is the first to attempt to directly match the planar dynamic performance of the scale-sized vehicle to a specific full-sized vehicle by careful design of the scale vehicle. This article explains details of this effort including vehicle dynamic modelling, detailed measurement of model parameters, conditions for dynamic similitude, validation of the resulting experimental vehicle in the time, frequency, and dimensionless domains. The results of the dynamic comparisons between scale- and full-sized vehicles clearly illustrate operational regimes where agreement is quite good, and other regimes where agreement is quite poor. Both are useful to understand the applicability of scale-vehicle results to full-size vehicle analysis.     

基于谐波小波的轴承故障诊断方法的研究

提出了一种基于谐波小波的轴承故障诊断方法,并就滚动轴承内圈损伤、外圈损伤和滚动体损伤三类常见的运行故障,运用谐波小波变换提取了它们的故障特征。在武昌南机务段轴承检测的应用表明,该方法能有效提取滚动轴承振动信号的故障特征频率,具有良好的应用前景。     

汽车齿轮坯环轧工艺参数分析

用环轧取代汽车齿轮的传统模锻制坯工艺从经济效益到锻件质量都有极大的优越性,但获其工艺参数尚有困难。本文根据上限原理用内力平衡分析法求得了主辊轧制力合力、作用点、方向及轧制力矩等主要环轧工艺参数,为其设备、工艺的设计提供了理论依据。分析表明,环件组织质量取决于相对接触长度p,与芯辊辊径密切相关;p值的合理范围为0.3～0.7;主辊接触处当量摩擦系数与接触表面无关。     

机车车辆故障诊断技术的发展

介绍了国内外铁道机车车辆状态监测与故障诊断技术的历史和现状 ,分析了世界主要铁路发达国家和地区开展机车车辆监测、诊断工作的不同特点 ,提出了未来的发展方向