Simulation-based assessment methodology to improve ground service operations at a hub airport

ABSTRACT

Airport terminals are dynamic environments and security/passport services generally constitute costly bottlenecks in terminals. Increases in the number of airline passengers compels airport terminals to provide more efficient services to its customers under space and resource limitations. This study examines the level of service of passenger processes at Istanbul Atatürk Airport by constructing a comprehensive simulation model. It focuses mainly on passport control services and passenger transfer security services because of the airport's hub status and the strategy of Turkish Airlines. The increasing number of transfer passengers may cause disruptions in departure flight schedules due to slow passenger processes. After validating the model, we investigate the consequences of three main alternative solutions, including 17 sub-scenarios, to capture target quality levels. Finally, we provide the results for each scenario to investigate the optimum allocation of resources to terminal operations.     

The economic speed of an oceangoing vessel in a dynamic setting

The optimal (economic) speed of oceangoing vessels has become of increased importance due to the combined effect of low freight rates and volatile bunker prices. We examine the problem for vessels operating in the spot market in a tramp mode. In the case of known freight rates between origin destination combinations, a dynamic programming formulation can be applied to determine both the optimal speed and the optimal voyage sequence. Analogous results are derived for random freight rates of known distributions. In the case of independent rates the economic speed depends on fuel price and the expected freight rate, but is independent of the revenue of the particular voyage. For freight rates that depend on a state of the market Markovian random variable, economic speed depends on the market state as well, with increased speed corresponding to good states of the market. The dynamic programming equations in our models differ from those of Markovian decision processes so we develop modifications of standard solution methods, and apply them to small examples.     

基于SVD-MOMEDA的高速列车齿轮箱轴承故障诊断

针对强背景噪声环境下高速列车齿轮箱轴承故障信号难以检测的问题以及多点优化最小熵解卷积修正(multipoint optimal minimum entropy deconvolution adjusted,MOMEDA)方法受滤波器阶数、故障周期影响的问题,提出了基于奇异值分解(singular value decomposition, SVD)改进的MOMEDA的轴承故障诊断方法。首先采用SVD作为MOMEDA的前置滤波器滤除部分噪声,然后通过MOMEDA多点峭度谱追踪故障周期成分,采用变步长搜索法迭代求解MOMEDA滤波器最优阶数,最后利用最优参数相对应的MOMEDA增强信号中的周期性脉冲,并通过包络谱提取故障特征。仿真信号和试验数据分析表明:该方法能实现高速列车齿轮箱轴承故障的精确诊断,且故障诊断效果优于互补经验模态分解方法。     

沥青路面施工质量的控制措施

沥青路面施工质量影响因素较多,从施工测量、原材料选择、筛孔控制、沥青用量、透层油洒布以及混合料拌和、摊铺、碾压等角度论述沥青路面施工质量控制措施,以保证工程项目的高质量、高水平完成。     

马尔柯夫决策规划随机误差研究

联系实际对马尔柯夫随机过程、转移概率矩阵的建立以及稳定状态概率的计算等理论与方法,进行简明论述;针对马尔柯夫决策中的大量随机因子使转移概率失真而产生的随机误差进行研究,提出了新的见解,并提出将马尔柯夫决策规划与敏感性分析相结合的科学、合理、可行的预测决策技术;充分运用案例,对基抉择过程和步骤作了详尽阐述。     

有负顾客的M/G/1重试可修排队系统的极限分布

利用马尔可夫骨架过程和Doob骨架过程及其极限理论,主要给出了有负顾客的M/G/1重试可修排队系统队长的极限分布.     

碾压贫混凝土基层配合比设计研究

京珠高速公路广韶扩建工程水泥混凝土路面基层采用贫混凝土基层结构,为提高工效,决定采用碾压工艺施工,但碾压贫混凝土基层在国内应用较少,现行规范找不到依据。根据施工需要,对碾压贫混凝土基层配合比设计进行了探索,首次采用RA法评价碾压贫混凝土基层的工作性,为该工程大面积施工提供合适的施工配合比。该成果的应用,对现行施工规范是一个补充,可推广使用。     

轮胎在水平路面上的自由滚动接触分析

利用轮胎的模态参数直接对轮胎在水平路面上的滚动建立了便于解析计算的仿真模型。该模型可模拟轮胎稳态的滚动过程并可计算出不小同工况下的滚动特性、有效滚动半径、载荷与下沉量的关系以及印迹内变形和分布力。计算结果揭示了以往模型难以描述的微观现象,与以往文献的试验研究结果定性一致,充分显示了模型的合理性。     

Turbulence in coastal fronts near the mouths of Block Island and Long Island Sounds

Measurements of turbulence were performed in four frontal locations near the mouths of Block Island Sound (BIS) and Long Island Sound (LIS). These measurements extend from the offshore front associated with BIS and Mid-Atlantic Bight Shelf water, to the onshore fronts near the Montauk Point (MK) headland, and the Connecticut River plume front. The latter feature is closely associated with the major fresh water input to LIS. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate, ε, was obtained using shear probes mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle. Offshore, the BIS estuarine outflow front showed, during spring season and ebb tide, maximum TKE dissipation rate, ε, estimates of order 10^− 5 W/kg, with background values of order 10^− 6 to 10^− 9 W/kg. Edwards et al. [Edwards, C.A., Fake, T.A., and Bogden, P.S., 2004a. Spring–summer frontogenesis at the mouth of Block Island Sound: 1. A numerical investigation into tidal and buoyancy-forced motion. Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (C12021), doi:10.1029/2003JC002132.] model this front as the boundary of a tidally driven, baroclinically adjusted BIS flow around the MK headland eddy. At the entrance to BIS, near MK, two additional fronts are observed, one of which was over sand waves. For the headland site front east of MK, without sand waves, during ebb tide, ε estimates of 10^− 5 to 10^− 6 W/kg were observed. The model shows that this front is at the northern end of an anti-cyclonic headland eddy, and within a region of strong tidal mixing. For the headland site front further northeast over sand waves, maximum ε estimates were of order 10^− 4 W/kg within a background of order 10^− 7–10^− 6 W/kg. From the model, this front is at the northeastern edge of the anti-cyclonic headland eddy and within the tidal mixing zone. For the Connecticut River plume front, a surface trapped plume, during ebb tide, maximum ε estimates of 10^− 5 W/kg were obtained, within a background of 10^− 6 to 10^− 8 W/kg. Of all four fronts, the river plume front has the largest finescale mean-square shear, S² ~ 0.15 s^− 2. All of the frontal locations had local values of the buoyancy Reynolds number indicating strong isotropic turbulence at the dissipation scales. Local values of the Froude number indicated shear instability in all of the fronts.     

高速公路沥青路面摊铺碾压工艺控制技术

针对影响沥青路面摊铺碾压工艺的诸多因素进行了详解分析,提出了相应的控制技术措施,阐明了加强施工过程控制的必要性,介绍了部分新技术和新工艺在这两项工艺中的应用。