镶齿滚刀破岩机理及效率的旋转破岩试验

随着隧道工程建设的不断增多,镶齿滚刀已被广泛应用于多种开挖机械,如隧道掘进机、反井钻机、采掘机等,不同破岩参数下镶齿滚刀的破岩机理及破岩效率研究,对提高机械掘进效率、降低施工成本有重要意义。应用北京工业大学自主研制的多功能机械破岩试验平台,选用直径304.8 mm（12英寸）的镶齿滚刀对尺寸为1 000 mm×1 000 mm×600 mm的北山花岗岩进行旋转切割破岩试验研究。通过对排齿及整刀进行不同贯入度的旋转切割试验,并应用荧光裂纹检测法对侵入坑下方裂纹进行检测,研究镶齿滚刀的破岩规律。结果表明：①镶齿滚刀为"递进式"破岩,破岩开始于相邻小齿间距的球齿之间,而后发展到相邻的大排间距的球齿之间;②第3排球齿破岩效率最高,且整刀在贯入度为1.5 mm时破岩效率最高;③应用荧光裂纹检测法分析滚刀下方岩体裂纹分布特征,发现每排球齿下的裂纹扩展方向及范围存在较大差异。裂纹分布特征分析结果与通过滚刀力、岩片分析得出的镶齿滚刀破岩效率的结论相一致。该研究可为机械开挖设备滚刀布置、刀型优化及施工运行参数优化提供试验参考和理论依据。     

Real-time implementation of a traction control algorithm on a scaled roller rig

Traction control is a very important aspect in railway vehicle dynamics. Its optimisation allows improvement of the performance of a locomotive by working close to the limit of adhesion. On the other hand, in case the adhesion limit is surpassed, the wheels are subjected to heavy wear and there is also a big risk that vibrations in the traction occur. Similar considerations can be made in the case of braking. The development and optimisation of a traction/braking control algorithm is a complex activity, because it is usually performed on a real vehicle on the track, where many uncertainties are present due to environmental conditions and vehicle characteristics. This work shows the use of a scaled roller rig to develop and optimise a traction control algorithm on a single wheelset. Measurements performed on the wheelset are used to estimate the optimal adhesion forces by means of a wheel/rail contact algorithm executed in real time. This allows application of the optimal adhesion force.     

钻芯法检测桥梁混凝土强度的评定方法探讨

通过对比我国现行关于钻芯法检测混凝土强度的基本规程标准后,从桥梁工程的具体特点出发,首次提出采用钻芯法检测桥梁实体混凝土强度时,按预应力和非预应力混凝土构件分类,根据两类构件的特点,按不同的方法进行混凝土强度评定。     

大断面软岩隧道钻爆法开挖技术分

锦屏引水洞群由4条均长16.67 km、开挖洞径13.0～14.6 m的马蹄形大断面隧洞组成。其#1、#2引水洞西端工程轴线穿越的工程软岩长度分别为436 m和336 m,且埋深介于1 550～1 850 m,地应力40～50 MPa,施工前期发生了严重的大变形。结合《超深埋大断面特长隧洞群施工关键技术研究》课题的研究成果的应用,在极高地应力条件下,对软岩隧道（洞）大断面,采用钻爆法开挖技术,取得良好效果。     

Fabrication and drilling tests of chemical vapor deposition diamond coated drills in machining carbon fiber reinforced plastics

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond coated drills are fabricated by depositing diamond films on Co-cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) drills. The characteristics of as-deposited diamond coatings are investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectra. To evaluate the cutting performance of diamond coated drills, comparative drilling tests are conducted using diamond coated and uncoated WC-Co drills, with carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) as the workpiece on a high-speed computer numerical control (CNC) machine. Thrust force and tool wear are measured during the drilling process. The results show that diamond coated drill exhibits better cutting performance, compared with the uncoated drill. The value of flank wear is about 70 μm after machining 90 holes, about a half of that of theWC-Co drill with 145μm after drilling only 30 holes. The wear rate of WC-Co drill is higher than that of diamond coated drill before diamond films peeling off. The diamond coated drill achieves more predictable hole quality. The improved cutting performance of the diamond coated drill is due to the high hardness, wear resistance and low coefficient of friction.     

Study on the design method of the jack-up’s x-type cantilever allowable load nephogram

The extending of a cantilever and transverse moving of a drilling floor enable the jack-up to operate in several well positions after the Jack-up has pitched. The cantilever allowable load nephogram is the critical reference which can evaluate the jack-up＇s drilling ability, design the cantilever structure and instruct a jack-up manager to make the operations safe. The intent of this paper is to explore the interrelationships between the cantilever position, drilling floor and the loads including wind force, the stand set-back weight etc., through analyzing the structure and load characteristics of the x-type cantilever and the simplified mechanics model with the restriction of the maximum moment capacity of the cantilever single side beam. Referring to several typical position designs load values, the cantilever allowable load nephogram is obtained by using the suitable interpolation method. The paper gives a method for cantilever allowable load design, which is proved reliable and effective by the calculation example.     

定向钻导向孔对接技术

定向钻导向孔对接技术可解决导向孔钻进控向难题。其方法是出土点、入土点钻机分别钻进一定距离后,在导向孔水平段进行钻头对接,对接过程中产生的偏差由主钻机（出土点钻机）进行调整消除。对接后,辅钻机后退,主钻机沿辅钻机的导向孔钻进,最终主钻机的钻杆到达入土点,完成导向孔钻进。该技术有效克服了常规导向孔钻进的控向难题。川气东送天然气管道水阳江定向钻穿越应用了定向钻导向孔对接技术,成功完成了穿越施工。     

隧道软弱围岩钻爆施工方法

通过对隧道软弱围岩爆破施工的炮眼布置、参数设置、装药量控制等方面进行合理设计,即提高了循环进尺,又使超欠挖现象得到了有效的控制。使隧道施工更合理、更科学、更安全,为隧道钻爆施工起到了指导作用。     

船用件加工设备改造中步进电动机选择

文章主要研究在普通机床数控化改造中如何选择步进电动机的问题.提出了电动机的性能参数,包括最大转速、最大转矩、转动惯量等.给出了参数的计算方法和校核方法.     

软弱地质层桩基旋挖钻机钻孔施工工法

详细论述了在软弱地质段,采用旋挖钻机进行桩基钻孔施工的施工工艺和操作要点.