叶片数对喷水推进低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响

喷水推进低比转速轴流泵是随着喷水推进技术的发展而产生的一种新泵型。针对一型低比转速轴流泵叶轮叶片数分别选取为5、6、7建立三组叶轮模型,选择RNG k-ε两方程涡粘模型进行叶轮内流场与功率、总压扬程、效率的数值模拟计算,得到三组叶轮的相关水动力曲线。在此基础上分析叶片数对低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响,得到叶片数对功率、总压扬程与工况点影响较大,而基本不影响最高效率的结论,为我国该类泵型的深入研究提供参考。     

浅水超临界航速舰船水压场数值计算

文章基于浅水波动势流理论和薄船假定,建立了浅水超临界航速舰船水压场理论模型。采用有限差分方法,对不同宽度航道下浅水超临界航速舰船水压场进行了数值计算。分析了航道岸壁、水深佛鲁德数、色散效应对舰船水压场的影响。通过与傅里叶积分变换法以及实验结果进行比对,表明了所建立的舰船水压场理论模型与计算方法吻合得较好。     

轻型陶瓷/金属复合装甲抗弹分析模型研究

为探讨轻型陶瓷复合装甲结构设计,在弹道冲击响应特性试验研究与分析的基础上,针对薄金属背板支撑的陶瓷复合装甲,以金属背板发生碟型变形-剪切-花瓣型失效为分析对象,建立了陶瓷/金属复合装甲侵彻过程的近似解析模型。模型考虑了弹体的侵蚀失效及陶瓷碎片脱离弹头表面,向侧向和反冲击方向的运动,得到了陶瓷/金属复合装甲中金属背板的动态冲击响应及失效,陶瓷/金属复合装甲的弹道极限速度计算公式和弹体的剩余速度计算方法,模型分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

高速铁路变形可调板式无砟轨道结构研究

在分析国内外高速铁路无砟轨道变形调整技术及应用经验基础上,基于结构安全可靠、变形调整便利、预制装配化施工等原则,考虑沉降、上拱、偏移等线下基础变形特征,提出了一种变形调整能力较强的板式无砟轨道结构。通过减小轨道板下调整层厚度或灌注聚合物砂浆实现轨道高低调整,通过移动轨道板并改变限位孔周边弹性缓冲垫层厚度实现轨道水平调整。在不损伤无砟轨道主体结构的前提下可实现高低调整量100 mm,水平调整量40 mm。提出的变形可调板式无砟轨道结构可为地质条件及气候复杂地区高速铁路无砟轨道设计及相关病害整治提供参考。     

高速动车组齿轮箱模态分析及优化设计

本文通过对国内典型高速动车组齿轮箱进行有限元仿真和试验测试,对比两种不同结构型式齿轮箱箱体的模态特征,研究分析了整体箱和分体箱对振型模态的影响,针对局部薄弱区域提出优化设计建议并进行验证.     

宇通客车发动机限转速故障排除

某型宇通客车因发动机限转速而工作无力,经排查是ECU程序的问题,复制同样车型的ECU程序后,又发现高压共轨上的泄压阀有故障,更换共轨总成后才彻底解决了故障.     

自动驾驶中座椅旋转速度对乘员的影响

为提高自动驾驶车辆的安全性,提出用一种旋转速度曲线把座椅旋转至指定角度,研究此旋转速度下的乘员生物力学响应.首先,根据所建立的碰撞模型与假人试验数据进行对比验证;其次,改变座椅旋转方向和速度研究乘员旋转至指定位置乘员的生物力学响应.结果表明:在200 ms内采用等腰梯形旋转速度曲线旋转至±45°和±90°不会引起乘员额...     

舰船主柴油机双机并车控制仿真技术的研究

从对舰船主柴油机调速的工作原理分析入手,介绍现在常用的3种舰船主柴油机双机并车运行控制技术的原理和特点,然后,利用现在比较流行的仿真应用软件Matlab,建立主柴油机、调速系统和推进装置的仿真模型,并对功率反馈调速器进行仿真试验研究,阐明计算机仿真技术在舰船主柴油机双机并车控制技术研究中的作用。     

The use of gait parameters to evaluate pedestrian behavior at scramble phase signalized intersections

Pedestrian scramble phasing is usually implemented to reduce pedestrian‐vehicle conflicts and therefore increase the safety of the intersection. However, to adequately determine the benefits of scramble phasing, it is necessary to understand how pedestrians react to such an unconventional design. This study investigates changes in pedestrian crossing behavior following the implementation of a scramble phase by examining the spatiotemporal gait parameters (step length and step frequency). This detailed microscopic‐level analysis provides insight into changes in pedestrian walking mechanisms as well as the effect of various pedestrian and intersection characteristics. The study uses video data collected at a scramble phase signalized intersection in Oakland, California. Gait parameters were found to be influenced by pedestrian gender, age, group size, crosswalk length, and pedestrian signal indications. Both average step length and walking speed were significantly higher for diagonally crossing pedestrians compared with pedestrians crossing on the conventional crosswalks. Pedestrians were found to have the tendency to increase their step length more than their step frequency to increase walking speed. It was also found that, compared with men, women generally increase their walking speed by increasing their step frequency more than step length. However, when in non‐compliance with signal indications, women increase their walking speed by increasing their step length more than step frequency. It was also found that older pedestrians do not significantly change their walking behavior when in non‐compliance with signal indications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.