农村公路网等级结构灰色多目标优化模型研究

通过分析当前农村公路网等级结构确定方法,指出路网等级结构确定方法中优化目标的优先顺序以及在约束条件下的技术系数和资源约束都存在灰度的问题.运用灰色系统理论原理,构建了农村公路网等级结构灰色多目标优化模型.该模型使公路网规划者在农村公路网等级结构确定存在灰度的情况下,得到满意可行的结论.     

山区农村公路安全保障工程应用技术研究

在对山区农村公路广泛调研的基础上,针对事故多发路段,运用具有山区农村公路特色的安全保障技术,对不同危险路段综合安全保障工程的应用进行论述,提出相应的安全保障工程改善对策。     

Flexible feeder transit route design to enhance service accessibility in urban area

To improve the accessibility of transit system in urban areas, this paper presents a flexible feeder transit routing model that can serve irregular‐shaped networks. By integrating the cost efficiency of fixed‐route transit system and the flexibility of demand responsive transit system, the proposed model is capable of letting operating feeder busses temporarily deviate from their current route so as to serve the reported demand locations. With an objective of minimizing total bus travel time, a new operational mode is then proposed to allow busses to serve passengers on both street sides. In addition, when multiple feeder busses are operating in the target service area, the proposed model can provide an optimal plan to locate the nearest one to response to the demands. A three‐stage solution algorithm is also developed to yield meta‐optimal solutions to the problem in a reasonable amount of time by transforming the problem into a traveling salesman problem. Numerical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model as well as the heuristic solution approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于农村经济持续快速发展的思考

农村经济要能取得持续快速的发展,必须大力发展现代农业,用现代科学技术武装农业、振兴农业;要致力于多渠道多形式地尽快提高农业劳动者的素质和技能,以适应发展现代农业,建设社会主义新农村的需要.     

A macroscopic theory of two-lane rural roads

A macroscopic theory for predicting the operation on two-lane, two-way roads is proposed. In this theory, the interaction between fast and slow vehicles obeys Newell’s kinematic wave theory of moving bottlenecks. Calibration is not required as all parameters are fully observable. Closed-form expressions for the capacity, average speed, percent time spent following and overtaking rates are proposed and the biases of current practice are identified. Comparisons between the proposed theory and empirical data are also included.     

成都市府、南河综合整治工程

成都市府、南河工程是国内率先以城市河流治理开始的综合性整治项目 ,同步实施防洪、环保、绿化、道路、管网和安居六大工程的建设 ,取得了明显的综合效益 ,在国内外引起强烈反响 ,为成都市城市建设走可持续发展道路闯出了一条新路子     

山区农村公路路面使用性能评价研究

农村公路路面使用性能评价是农村公路养护管理决策的依据。在广泛凋研的基础上,对山区农村公路技术状况进行了分析,提出了目前山区农村公路的主要路面类型——沙石路面的性能评价指标,建立了基于属性评价和综合性权重计算的山区农村公路路面使用性能评价模型,使评价既符合山区农村公路的实际,又弥补了传统评价的不足。     

如何加大农村公路工程质量监督力度

分析了五年来辽阳市农村公路建设质量的形势;强调质量监督下作在农村公路建设项目管理中的重要性和加强农村公路下程质量监督管理应做好的几方面下作。     

A tool to aid redesign of flexible transport services to increase efficiency in rural transport service provision

Rural areas generally have lower and more dispersed demands for travel which cannot sustain conventional public transport services and consequently have a greater number of flexible and demand responsive transport services operating. These services usually operate on a stand-alone basis, are often subsidized and are typically only accessible by certain passenger types or for specific trip purposes. This generally results in uncoordinated and inefficient transport provision overall. The Flexible integrated transport services (FITS) system featured in this paper has been designed to address this problem. FITS can be used as a planning tool to assess potential benefits from relaxing operating constraints (e.g., a service's operating boundaries), which can potentially suggest service redesign. It also includes the capacity to assign subsidy payments on a trip by trip basis to increase cost efficiency whilst meeting a greater proportion of transport needs. The case study in the paper focusses on transport to health in the Aberdeenshire and Morayshire areas of Scotland in the UK. Despite flexible transport operators receiving public funds to meet passenger needs, this is currently being supplemented by public bodies paying large amounts in taxi fares in instances where there is a statutory obligation to provide travel but where no other suitable transport service exists. The results demonstrate the potential substantial savings which could be realized by allowing transport operators to redesign their services by relaxing constraints and by the reassignment of subsidies: resulting in more passenger demands being met and a reduction in public spending on taxi fares.     

农村公路施工质量缺陷收集与措施分析

对农村公路施工质量控制要点进行分析,并针对杭州市农村公路施工中存在的质量缺陷进行收集,对这些缺陷采取改进措施,可有效提高农村公路施工质量。