A parameterized consideration set model for airport choice: an application to the San Francisco Bay Area

Airport choice is an important air travel-related decision in multiple airport regions. This paper proposes the use of a probabilistic choice set multinomial logit (PCMNL) model for airport choice that generalizes the multinomial logit model used in all earlier airport choice studies. The paper discusses the properties of the PCMNL model, and applies it to examine airport choice of business travelers residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. Substantive policy implications of the results are discussed. Overall, the results indicate that it is important to analyze the choice (consideration) set formation of travelers. Failure to recognize consideration effects of air travelers can lead to biased model parameters, misleading evaluation of the effects of policy action, and a diminished data fit.     

粉喷桩处理滨湖水网地区软基技术应用

详细阐述了水泥粉喷桩用来处理滨湖水网地区软土基地设计方案以及施工控制工艺,并结合工程实例进行了相关试验,分析了粉喷桩强度影响的有关因素,得出了有关粉喷桩处理软基的结论.对类似工程有一定参考作用.     

Hydrographic cruises off northwest Africa: the Canary Current and the Cape Ghir region

We present hydrographic data for several sections located along the African coastline and off Cape Ghir, carried out at times of weak surface winds (October 1995 and September 1997). The main sections are near the continental slope, at mean distances between 100 and 150 km from the coastline. North of Cape Ghir (31°N) the geostrophic transport (referenced to 650 m) of North Atlantic Central Water through these sections is 3.7 and 2.0 Sv for 1995 and 1997, respectively. This confirms that a major fraction of the water transport by the Canary Current flows east, into the continental slope off northwest Africa, at latitudes above Cape Ghir. Most of this flow continues south past Cape Ghir, along the coast and probably through the eastern passages of the Canary Archipelago. A significant fraction, however, may escape through surface Ekman transport (0.3–0.5 Sv during the early fall season) and by offshore flow at Cape Ghir (1.1 Sv in September 1997, referenced to 650 m). Despite the weak winds the Cape Ghir filament was clearly visible, characterized by localized coastal upwelling associated to a cyclonic shallow structure and cold (and fresh) waters stretching offshore as a very shallow feature (50–100 m deep). The satellite images show that the surface temperature field is highly variable, in rapid response to the surface winds, always with a core region of relatively cold water and commonly with one or two associated eddies. Our results support the existence of two recirculation cells in the area: a horizontal one that connects the interior eastern boundary currents with the coastal region and a vertical one related to both wind-induced and filament upwelling. The data also show a salinity subsurface maximum at the root of the filament, linked to water inflow from northern latitudes, and a subsurface anticyclonic eddy over the Agadir canyon, likely related to the poleward slope undercurrent.     

构建铁路工程造价管理体系的思考

0引言随着我国铁路跨越式发展的深入推进,以客运专线为主要内容的大规模铁路建设全面展开,新的形势和任务给铁路工程造价管理提出了更高的要求,客观上要求广大铁路工程造价从业人员不断更新理念、不断探索创新,以适应铁路建设改革和发展的需要。做好铁路工程造价管理是保障大规     

青藏铁路多年冻土区桩基施工应用技术

1引言青藏高原多年冻土区桩基施工改变地基的热平衡条件,使桩基地温场发生变化,引起桩周地基土层范围升温及融化。为解决这一难题,必须采用相应的工程措施避免出现这些问题。此文结合唐古拉山越岭地段多年冻土区桩基施工经验论述多年冻土区桩基施工技术。2多年冻土区钻孔灌注桩     

高频振捣对道路工程混凝土结构物抗冻性影响的研究

为研究高频振捣对混凝土抗冻性的影响,采用先进的硬化混凝土气泡结构测试设备,通过测定硬化混凝土的气泡特征参数随高频振捣时间增加的变化情况,研究了高频振捣对混凝土抗冻性的影响规律。试验结果表明,经适当高频振捣后,虽然混凝土的含气量有较大损失,但其气泡比表面积增大,气泡间隔系数变化不大。随高频振捣时间的增加,硬化混凝土中气泡总数和小气泡数(直径小于120μm)会出现峰值,而后急剧减少。高频振捣的时间控制在合理范围内,有利于改善引气混凝土的气泡结构,不会对其抗冻性产生不利影响。     

浅谈季节性冻土的处理措施

根据季节性冻土地段路基出现的几种病害,论述了季节性冻土路基产生的原因,简要地介绍了几种解决冻胀病害的方法.     

基于专项调查的属地与工具运输量分析——以辽宁省为例

我国铁路、民航等运输量统计都能够获得属地区域运输量,但公路运输量统计调查得到的是工具运输量,难以获得属地公路运输量,运输量统计与经济社会发展指标脱节.为了研究属地运输量,以2013年交通运输业经济统计专项调查为契机,有效利用全国各省专项调查数据,以辽宁省为例,探索分析公路属地客运量和属地货运量,并比较工具运输量与属地运输量的区别,进行流量流向分析.属地客运量与工具客运量基本相同,市级属地客运量与工具客运量的比值在0.91～1.15之间;属地货运量与工具货运量差异相对较大,市级属地货运量与工具货运量比值在0.70～1.68之间.在公路属地运输量基础上,进一步综合铁路、民航、水运等其他运输方式数据,可形成完整的区域综合运输量数据,进而深入分析研究交通运输与经济社会发展的协调关系,从而为有效推动综合运输体系协调发展奠定基础.     

矿粉掺量对碎卵石混凝土性能的影响

通过试验测定四种水胶比下,不同矿粉掺量对碎卵石混凝土的强度、抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性的影响.结果表明,随着水胶比的增大,掺加矿粉的碎卵石混凝土强度、抗氯离子渗透性及抗冻性均减弱.随着矿粉掺量的增加,碎卵石混凝土的7d强度不断降低,28d,56d和120d强度变化存在波动,20%为最佳矿粉掺量;抗氯离子渗透性得到明显改善;抗冻性有所降低,矿粉掺量越大,降低相对越快.     

山区通航河流中桥梁选址和设计应注意的问题及通航影响评价

文章就山区通航河流的基本特征、河道特性,阐述了桥梁在选址和设计时应注意的一些基本问题,并在建桥对河道通航影响作出评价的基础上,简述了保障桥区通航安全的相应措施和手段。