寒冷地区客车的防寒设计

根据25T型铁路客车在寒冷地区的运用,分析了列车防寒的主要因素,包括车体的密封性、防寒材料的薄弱部位和热绝缘等。结合运用结果,提出了寒冷地区列车防寒结构方案的改进设计。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

预应力束张拉顺序对锚下局部应力影响分析

预应力混凝土构件中通常布置有多束预应力束,在施工设计中需要考虑预应力束的张拉顺序,合理的进行预应力筋的张拉。采用有限元程序ANSYS对不同的预应力束张拉顺序下某大桥主粱被动锚固区的局部应力进行分析计算,计算结果对同类桥梁的设计施工有一定的参考价值。     

Driver behavior formulation in intersection dilemma zones with phone use distraction via a logit-Bayesian network hybrid approach

Use of cellular phone while driving is one of the top contributing factors that induce traffic crashes, resulting in significant loss of life and property. A dilemma zone is a circumstance near signalized intersections where drivers hesitate when making decisions related to their driving behaviors. Therefore, the dilemma zone has been identified as an area with high crash potential. This article utilizes a logit-based Bayesian network (BN) hybrid approach to investigate drivers' decision patterns in a dilemma zone with phone use, based on experimental data from driving simulations from the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). Using a logit regression model, five variables were found to be significant in predicting drivers' decisions in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks: older drivers (50–60 years old), yellow signal length, time to stop line, handheld phone tasks, and driver gender. The identified significant variables were then used to train a BN model to predict drivers' decisions at a dilemma zone and examine probabilistic impacts of these variables on drivers' decisions. The analysis results indicate that the trained BN model was effective in driver decision prediction and variable influence extraction. It was found that older drivers, a short yellow signal, a short time to stop line, nonhandheld phone tasks, and female drivers are factors that tend to result in drivers proceeding through intersections in a dilemma zone with phone use distraction. These research findings provide insight in understanding driver behavior patterns in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks.     

车站基坑揭露断层带注浆加固效果数值模拟研究

为研究注浆对明挖基坑揭露断层带的加固效果,以南京地铁上元门车站基坑工程为背景,考虑基坑开挖过程中渗流场与围岩应力场的相互耦合作用,建立相应的有限元分析模型,对软弱破碎层、注浆加固带、基坑地下连续墙以及围岩所组成的耦合系统进行模拟,研究注浆加固前后围岩渗流场、位移场以及应力场的特征,最终获得基坑地下连续墙的水平位移、基坑外地表沉降、围岩塑性区分布、基坑内围岩变形以及基坑内涌水量变化规律。研究结果表明： 1）通过对基坑底部断层带的注浆加固,基坑侧向位移及基坑外地表沉降均得到有效控制,相比于注浆加固前,其最大水平位移和地表累计沉降量减小50%以上,满足工程要求; 2）基坑底部区域内塑性区范围明显减少,基坑外塑性区扩散也得到有效抑制; 3）基坑底部断层带注浆改变了渗流场分布,有效降低了基坑涌水量,基坑治理区域涌水量由最初的94 m3/h逐渐减小到4 m3/h,堵水率达96%; 4）注浆结束后现场钻孔取芯率达到75%~80%,开挖揭露大量劈裂作用形成的浆脉,验证了注浆可有效治理明挖基坑所揭露的软弱断层破碎带。     

汕头市苏埃通道工程海域段平纵横方案研究

为有效解决汕头市苏埃通道工程遇到的海底硬岩、孤石群及高烈度抗震等技术难题,从海底隧道横断面、平面及纵断面方案进行研究。主要研究和结论如下： 1）对两管方案与三管方案进行比较,在海底硬岩处理方面,2种方案施工风险无本质区别,但两管方案可利用车道板下空间解决消防防灾问题、取消隧道联络通道设置、降低施工及抗震风险,优于三管方案; 2）从抗震、工程造价、结构受力及隧道运维等方面进行研究,发现盾构管片采用单层预制结构优于管片内置二次衬砌结构; 3）隧道平面方案需摸清海底硬岩及孤石群分布范围,结合码头、港池及锚地等控制因素综合确定; 4）隧道纵断面方案的确定,需充分考虑海底硬岩、孤石分布规律以及最小覆土、主航道规划标高、港池范围等控制因素,避开硬岩及孤石群,以减小隧道修建难度和风险。     

青藏铁路19标段多年冻土区桥梁快速施工组织技术

青藏铁路19标段海拔高度近五千米,位于多年冻土区,气候极为恶劣,施工期短。本文就该标段特殊环境条件下如何保证混凝土的施工质量和进度,从人员、机械设备的组织、物资供应、混凝土的施工及质量控制、医疗卫生保障等方面进行了较详尽的介绍。     

洋山深水港管理中心工程岩土工程勘察

总结洋山深水港管理中心岩土工程勘察的主要手段和方法,对今后类同工程的岩土工程勘察提出一些建议。     

某实验装置尾气处理新工艺

介绍了一种装置尾气处理的新工艺,即用重力沉降室除去尾气中的固体颗粒物,再用活性炭吸附处理尾气中的HF气体。这种工艺会大大提高处理效率,有效延长真空泵机组的使用寿命,也会大大节省人力物力。     

大风期黄骅港外航道的骤淤估算及防淤减淤措施探讨

黄骅港运用后,偏北大风引起外航道的泥沙淤积严重。根据2002年及2003年的实测数据,本文使用新近完善的风、浪、流共同作用下的输沙公式及已编制成的大风期航道回淤预报程序,进行回淤的验证和计算,计算表明:预报结果与实测比较相当符合。参考已有的文献资料,提出了用潜堤作为防淤减淤的措施。