日本汽车金属材料应用发展及变化特征

汽车新技术的采用以及高附加零部件的使用无不和新材料开发密切相关。在日本汽车产业发展中,新材料的开发使用始终起着重要的作用,材料的应用发展也有着不同的变化和特点。从汽车材料的应用和发展等方面介绍了日本材料使用状况。     

FRP 加固已腐蚀混凝土梁的抗疲劳耐久性研究

介绍了碳纤维布（CFRP）加固腐蚀钢筋混凝土的梁静载和疲劳试验过程,探讨了加固方式和纤维布性能对疲劳寿命的影响。试验对象为6根FRP加固腐蚀梁、1根腐蚀未加固梁和1根标准梁（未腐蚀未加固）;加固方式分别是CFRP缠绕加固梁和FRP在梁底抗弯加固且缠绕纤维布;试验过程中3根梁作静载试验,5根梁作疲劳试验。试验结果表明：FRP加固腐蚀梁的静载极限承载力比标准梁提高37％～38％;加固腐蚀梁的疲劳寿命是未加固梁的2～6倍,但低于标准梁。     

露石水泥混凝土路面关键技术研究

研究了露石水泥混凝土路面铺筑过程中必然要遇到的材料选择、冲洗时间、成熟度、双层铺筑混凝土强度等关键技术问题,分析了冲洗时间、成熟度的主要影响因素,发现温度越高,冲洗时间越早,最早冲洗时间与最迟冲洗时间有较大的间隔,常温下可达十多个小时,温度升高,间隔减小,成熟度随温度的升高而增大,相隔一定时间分两层振捣的水泥混凝土试件强度与一次振捣的水泥混凝土试件强度基本相同。结果表明:成熟度指标、试验法是评价、检测露石工艺性质的有效手段,两层铺筑方法是降低此种路面成本的有效途径。     

轨道交通新型高分子材料研发及应用进展

综述了我国几种新型高分子材料的研究现状,分析了典型材料的功能特性和技术关键点,介绍了现有技术在轨道交通领域的应用情况,并指出了我国轨道交通高分子材料的研究方向。     

Size effect on residual stress in low transformation temperature welded joints

It has been reported that low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metals are beneficial to generation of compressive residual stress around weld zone. In this study, the relationship among residual stress, size effect of LTT welded joints with different plate width and thickness as well as martensite start (Ms) temperatures was investigated by experimental and finite-element analysis. It was found that heat dissipation and thermal expansion coefficient of LTT weld metal had a significant impact on residual stress. Welded joint with a small plate width led to greater compressive residual stresses in the LTT weld, which was due to the lower heat dissipation and smaller thermal expansion coefficient of the LTT weld metal in due course of cooling process. Additionally, the finite-element analysis revealed that increasing plate width mainly affected the longitudinal residual stress, while increasing the plate thickness influenced all the residual stress components in the LTT weld. Furthermore, the LTT weld with a lower Ms temperature of 191 °C resulted in greater compressive residual stresses, and was less sensitive to the LTT joint size, as against the Ms temperature of 398 °C.     

电力机车整流机组器件结温计算

机车运行在任何场合器件结温不得超过额定值，这是整流机组正常运行的必要条件，以ＳＳ６型电力机车整流机组起动过程结温计算为例，提供了计算方法，供有关专业人员设计、计算、故障分析时参考。     

几种螺旋桨材料的空蚀特性的试验研究

本文介绍了几种螺旋桨材料的空蚀试验结果。为便于比较也列入普通黄铜的结果。试验装置是转盘。试验过程中观察了盘上空泡,记录试件的失重、成孔率和表面情况的变化。最后分析不同速度下剥蚀强度的变化趋势、剥蚀阻抗与材料机械特性的关系。     

旋振式内热干燥机的研制

本机器采用多层水平圆式输送料槽,并首次集振动输送与内热干煤为一体,结构紧凑新颖,干燥充分均匀,是较理想的颗粒原料干燥和热清洗设备.     

隧道衬砌施工中防止混凝土表面缺陷的几点建议

本文结合隧道衬砌施工中容易出现的混凝土表面缺陷如 :表面气泡、顶部空洞、施工接缝、拱部油迹等外观质量问题 ,就在施工工艺、原材料配比优化以及施工准备、衬砌灌注等方面应注意的问题和采取的相应预防措施提出了建议 ,以期解决隧道二次衬砌混凝土的外观质量缺陷。     

Environmental justice and hazmat transport: A spatial analysis in southern California

This paper explores whether the risk of a toxic release during transport is greater in poor and minority neighborhoods using a combination of mapping and statistical methods. Cluster analysis is used to examine the density of facilities and transport spill events as well as test for the spatial covariance between facilities and spills. Strong clustering of transport spills is evident, as well as clustering between factory sites and transport spills. A spatial model demonstrates raised rates of transport spills surrounding clusters of toxic firms. Most spills in Los Angeles occurred within 2 km of an intermodal facility. The last step of the analysis compares risk and facility clustering between neighborhoods and socio-economic groups, finding that hazmat spills during transport disproportionately occur in Latino neighborhoods in Los Angeles. The results clarify the spatial distribution of risk and nuisance from freight in urban landscapes.