Rear‐end crash potential estimation in the work zone merging areas

This paper proposed a methodology to estimate rear‐end crash potential of the merging vehicles traveling in the merge lane, on the basis of the traffic data extracting from the available videotapes. First, we developed a binary logit model to identify drivers' merging behavior in the work zone merging area. Subsequently, the occurrence potential of rear‐end crash based on time‐to‐collision was computed between the merging vehicle and its neighboring vehicles. The overall crash potential of the merging vehicle was finally determined. It was found that the crash potential decreases with the remaining distance to work zone. Moreover, there will be a rear‐end crash potential of 4.0% if the merging vehicle fails to complete merging at the end of work zone merging area. If the merging vehicle takes an early merge, there will be a lower rear‐end crash potential (1.2%). These findings suggest that we should encourage merging vehicles to take early merges for improving the traffic safety in the work zone merging areas. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

在役丁烯-1球罐声发射检测

为确保在役丁烯-1球罐的使用安全性,制定了以声发射检测为主的检验方案。在球罐外表面布置50只传感器,采用2次加压循环过程对在役丁烯-1球罐进行声发射检测,仪器自动记录各加载阶段出现的数据信号并进行定位计算。通过对声发射源进行强度和活性分析,未发现活性声发射源信号,综合声发射检测结果和使用情况,该球罐安全状况良好,可继续使用。同时为保证使用安全,建议在使用期间做好年度检查工作,在适当时机开罐进行全面检验。     

山区高速公路路线设计探讨

基于安全运行理念的山区高速公路路线设计,应考虑各因素对车辆安全运行的影响.结合具体工程实例,阐述纵坡、超高、视距等技术指标在高速公路路线中的具体设计方法,并对其中的关键技术指标进行安全性检验.     

复杂地形下山区公路改扩建工程设计研究

鉴于复杂地形下山区公路改扩建工程设计的特殊性,在总结国内山区公路改扩建技术的基础上,结合某山区公路改扩建设计实践,对复杂地形下山区公路改扩建设计技术进行了系统阐述,以便为山区公路改扩建设计提供参考。     

长寿命沥青路面与传统沥青路面的比较分析

在介绍长寿命沥青路面与传统沥青路面特点的基础上,从寿命周期成本、设计理念、路用性能及结构层四个方面对长寿命沥青路面与传统沥青路面进行比较分析,可为长寿命沥青路面的推广与应用提供一定的参考与借鉴.     

地域文化在高速公路景观设计中的传承与保护——以湖北杭瑞高速公路文化景观设计为例

在大量收集、调研杭瑞高速公路沿线所经“四县一市”的文化景观资源基础上,阐述地域文化的构成要素,景观设计原则,并结合高速公路景观自身的特征,探索地域文化在高速公路上最适宜的景观载体,从而引起人们对于地域文化的传承与保护意识.     

超载作用下沥青路面使用性能的衰变

为了研究超载对路面使用性能的影响,利用自动化检测设备,对北京市某区干线公路路面损坏状况进行了连续3年的跟踪观测,并对超载引起的设计年限内累计当量轴次增长量进行了计算分析.研究结果表明：在自然环境和养护条件相同的情况下,超载多发路段路况衰减速度明显快于无超载现象路段,超载是沥青路面使用性能下降的重要原因,并导致沥青路面的实际使用寿命大幅缩短.     

空心薄壁高墩的稳定性分析

随着山西省交通事业的蓬勃发展,一轮接着一轮的建设高潮,越来越多的公路建设项目已经进入高山峡谷地区,墩高超过40 m的高墩大跨径桥梁大量出现,高墩的设计成为了山区高速公路桥梁设计的重要环节。结合实际工程案例重点对空心薄壁高墩的稳定性进行分析,以求为今后的高墩设计提供参考依据。     

三峡库区变动回水区趸船系留设施疲劳性能评估

针对三峡库区变动回水区重庆段内某一典型码头工程项目,分别计算得到在4种随机过程条件下,其趸船系留设施中各缆绳、锚链在疲劳寿命期内的日均系缆、系锚应力-历时关系。根据Miner线性累积损伤理论,结合各缆绳、锚链材料的T-N曲线,计算得到各缆绳、锚链的总疲劳损伤,并预测各构件的疲劳寿命年限。本文中所用到的疲劳分析理论及计算过程不仅可以为三峡库区变动回水区趸船系留设施疲劳安全整改提供一定程度上的技术支撑,也可为类似工程项目的疲劳设计与评估提供有价值的参考依据。