单层梁格分析宽翼缘箱梁剪力滞效应

由于分析精细、应用简便,平面梁格法已广泛应用于斜弯桥、裤衩高架等异型桥的计算分析中。通过对"Hambly"平面梁格的梁格划分方法与刚度取值的改进,提出更便于杆系有限元软件运用的单层梁格法;通过单层梁格法分析了宽翼缘箱梁的剪力滞效应,并与能量变分法对比,证实了单层梁格法可以有效的计算宽翼缘箱梁剪力滞效应,而这是平面梁格无法解决的。     

大悬臂多腹板宽箱梁受力特性研究

结合工程实际,应用有限元软件MIDAS/CIVIL分别建立杆系有限元模型和空间实体模型,对大悬臂、多腹板、宽箱室变截面箱梁在对称荷载作用下的剪力滞效应、偏载作用下的腹板受力不均匀效应进行分析。结果表明,截面上下翼缘剪力滞效应较为显著,按规范提供的有效翼缘宽度折减计算不能完全包络剪力滞效应的影响;同时,箱梁的偏载效应从跨中至支点方向逐渐增大。     

Normal and shear forces in the contact patch of a braked racing tyre. Part 1: results from a finite-element model

In this first part of a two-part article, a previously described and validated finite-element model of a racing-car tyre is developed further to yield detailed information on carcass deflections and contact pressure and shear stress distributions for a steady rolling, slipping, and cambered tyre. Variations in running conditions simulated include loads of 1500, 3000 and 4500 N, camber angles of 0° and ?3°, and longitudinal slips from 0% to?20%. Special attention is paid to heavy braking, in which context the aligning moment is of great interest. Results generated are in broad agreement with limited experimental results from the literature and they provide considerable insight into how the tyre deforms and how the contact stresses are distributed as functions of the running conditions. Generally, each rib of the tyre behaves differently from the others, especially when the wheel is cambered. The results form a basis for the development of a simpler physical tyre model, the purpose of which is to retain accuracy over the full operating range while demanding much less computational resource. The physical tyre model is the topic of the second part of the article.     

Assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety,ride quality and track fatigue

A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the elastic properties of railway vehicle suspensions on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 144 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the stiffness and damping coefficients, of the primary and secondary suspensions. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles. After processing the results of these simulations, the analysed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy in future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the highest influences were found for the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the primary suspension, and the lowest influences for the vertical stiffness and the vertical damping of the primary suspension, with the parameters of the secondary suspension showing intermediate influences between them.     

Study on the derailment behaviour of a railway wheelset with solid axles in a railway turnout

ABSTRACT

Dynamic wheel–rail interaction in railway turnouts is more complicated than on ordinary track. In order to evaluate the derailment behaviour of railway wheelsets in railway turnouts, this paper presents a study of dynamic wheel–rail interaction during a wheel flange climbs on the turnout rails, by applying the elasticity positioning wheelset model. A numerical model is established based on a coupled finite element method and multi-body dynamics, and applied to study the derailment behaviour of a railway wheelset in both the facing and trailing directions in a railway turnout, as well as dynamic wheel–turnout rail interaction during the wheel flange climbing on the turnout rails. The influence of the wheel–rail attack angle and the friction coefficient on the dynamic derailment behaviour is investigated through the proposed model. The results show that the derailment safety for a wheelset passing the railway turnout in facing direction is significantly lower than that for the trailing direction and the ordinary track. The possibility of derailment for the wheelset passing the railway turnout in facing and trailing directions at positive wheel–rail attack angles will increase with an increase in the attack angles, and the possibility of derailment can be reduced by decreasing the friction coefficient.     

基于性能演变的水性环氧沥青开普封层施工方法优化

为进一步提升水性环氧沥青开普封层使用品质,针对水性环氧沥青开普封层施工现存问题,借助有机玻璃界面状态图像观测与层间剪切试验,研究了不同固化状态下碎石封层黏结性能,提出了水性环氧沥青碎石封层两阶段分步式压实方法;系统分析了微表处摊铺时机对碎石封层沥青-碎石黏附与层间黏结性能的影响程度,探究了微表处开放交通时间与交通荷载对...     

四跨一联预应力混凝土连续宽箱梁空间分析

结合上海市中环线虹梅路立交工程对主线四跨一联预应力混凝土连续宽箱梁进行空间分析,得到结构在荷载作用下的剪力滞效应分布规律、截面实际中性轴与平截面假定中性轴的比较、偏载下支座反力的分布规律、挑臂横向挠度、偏载下的偏载系数以及增设跨中横隔板与否对结构受力状态的影响等结论。     

三轴剪切试验中孔隙水压力的特性探讨

介绍孔隙水压力在三轴试验中的变化和影响孔隙水压力的众多因素,以及三轴试验成果的重要性。     

长寿命沥青混凝土路面结构特点与设计研究

长寿命沥青混凝土路面是国际道路工程界提出的新技术。长寿命路面的结构特点是沥青混凝土层厚度大于传统的沥青混凝土路面,基本上消除了传统上普遍存在的疲劳损坏,路面的损坏只发生在路面的表层。长寿命沥青混凝土路面结构设计采用沥青混凝土层底弯拉应变和基顶压应变指标控制结构疲劳寿命,采用抗剪指标以控制表面损坏过早发生。在整个寿命周期内,不需要进行结构性的维修,只需进行预防性养护,并在表面损坏达到一定程度后,将磨耗层铣刨,并置换成等厚度的新混合料便可。     

路堤填土抗剪强度参数的试验方法

填土抗剪强度参数是路堤稳定性分析的必要参数,但长期以来,填土强度参数的试验方法比较混乱.本文通过对路堤填料含水量状况及路堤受力特性的分析,提出路堤填土抗剪强度参数的试验方法.