电气化铁道系统计算机仿真的研究进展

电气化铁道系统由几个紧密关联和互相作用的子系统构成,跟其他大型工程系统一样, 对其进行设计、运作及筹划,计算机仿真成为评价、分析电气化铁道系统的最经济、最有效的方法。本文对各种仿真器进行了分类归纳并分析相关问题,最后着重介绍了如何利用计算机仿真技术对电气化铁道进行仿真。     

基于驾驶模拟技术的山区高速公路桥隧群区限速值分析

为了提高山区高速公路行车安全性和速度连续性,提出了山区高速公路桥隧群区路段的限速值优化方法.首先通过选择在建的山区高速公路桥隧群区段为研究对象,构建了该路段的三维仿真场景.然后根据隧道路段设计速度采用标准,分别确定了"设计速度±20 km/h"和"设计速度"等3种限速方案,开展了3种限速方案下的驾驶模拟实验.最后从运行...     

基于无源雷达模拟器的幅度算法研究

以无源雷达模拟器为基础,讨论了在不同工作模式下,目标信号幅度的计算方法,并对两种工作模式下信号幅度的取值进行了仿真。针对微波器件频率特性引起的差异,介绍了一种信号幅度调整的方法,对于“真实”的模拟目标信号,具有一定的实践和指导意义。     

可复用的列车自动监控仿真系统组件的设计与实现

介绍了一种基于ActiveX控件技术的列车自动监控(ATS)仿真系统中站场图组件的设计和实现方法,并将其应用在上海轨道交通3号线ATS控仿真系统的开发过程中.实践证明,组件的划分与应用将站场图的绘制过程简化为简单的拼图操作,缩短了整个ATS系统仿真的开发周期.     

基于培训教学的汽车驾驶培训模拟器训练场景内容研究

针对汽车驾驶培训模拟器训练场景缺乏统一规范和要求的问题,基于雨天、冰雪天、雾(霾)天等恶劣条件下驾驶,以及山区道路和高速公路驾驶的安全风险,结合教学大纲规定的模拟培训教学内容及教学目标,提出了相应训练场景涵盖的情景内容及要求,并梳理了构建训练场景的技术要点,确保训练场景的合规性、互动性和驾驶真实感。     

Interface design considerations for an in-vehicle eco-driving assistance system

This high-fidelity driving simulator study used a paired comparison design to investigate the effectiveness of 12 potential eco-driving interfaces. Previous work has demonstrated fuel economy improvements through the provision of in-vehicle eco-driving guidance using a visual or haptic interface. This study uses an eco-driving assistance system that advises the driver of the most fuel efficient accelerator pedal angle, in real time. Assistance was provided to drivers through a visual dashboard display, a multimodal visual dashboard and auditory tone combination, or a haptic accelerator pedal. The style of advice delivery was varied within each modality. The effectiveness of the eco-driving guidance was assessed via subjective feedback, and objectively through the pedal angle error between system-requested and participant-selected accelerator pedal angle. Comparisons amongst the six haptic systems suggest that drivers are guided best by a force feedback system, where a driver experiences a step change in force applied against their foot when they accelerate inefficiently. Subjective impressions also identified this system as more effective than a stiffness feedback system involving a more gradual change in pedal feedback. For interfaces with a visual component, drivers produced smaller pedal errors with an in-vehicle visual display containing second order information on the required rate of change of pedal angle, in addition to current fuel economy information. This was supported by subjective feedback. The presence of complementary audio alerts improved eco-driving performance and reduced visual distraction from the roadway. The results of this study can inform the further development of an in-vehicle assistance system that supports ‘green’ driving.     

Interface design of eco-driving support systems – Truck drivers’ preferences and behavioural compliance

The aim of the study was to investigate the perceived usefulness of various types of in-vehicle feedback and advice on fuel efficient driving. Twenty-four professional truck drivers participated in a driving simulator study. Two eco-driving support systems were included in the experiment: one that provided continuous information and one that provided intermittent information. After the simulator session, the participants were interviewed about their experiences of the various constituents of the systems. In general, the participants had a positive attitude towards eco-driving support systems and behavioural data indicated that they tended to comply with the advice given. However, different drivers had very different preferences with respect to what type of information they found useful. The majority of the participants preferred simple and clear information. The eco-driving constituents that were rated as most useful were advice on gas pedal pressure, speed guidance, feedback on manoeuvres, fuel consumption information and simple statistics. It is concluded that customisable user interfaces are recommended for eco-driving support systems for trucks.     

Experimental Economics and choice in transportation: Incentives and context

This paper reviews the preconditions for successful applications of Experimental Economics methods to research on transportation problems, as new transportation and research technologies emerge. We argue that the application of properly designed incentives, the hallmark of Experimental Economics, provides a high degree of experimental control, leading to internal validity and incentive compatibility. Both of these are essential for ensuring that findings generalize to contexts outside the immediate application. New technologies, such as virtual reality simulators, can generate external validity for the experiments by providing realistic contexts. GPS and other tracking technologies, as well as smart phones, smart cards and connected vehicle technologies can allow detailed observations on actions and real-time interactions with drivers in field experiments. Proper application of these new technologies in research requires an understanding of how to maintain a high level of internal validity and incentive compatibility as external validity is increased. In this review of past applications of Experimental Economics to transportation we focus on their success in achieving external and internal validity.     

平潭海峡大桥桥区船舶通航安全模拟试验关键技术分析

分析平潭海峡大桥桥区船舶安全通航论证及试验工作中船舶操纵模拟器的运用、模拟试验电子海图的开发、模拟试验的要求与内容,分析通航试验结果,提出可行性建议.     

天津港LNG码头工程通航安全研究

文中利用船舶操纵模拟器结合水流数学模型对天津港LNG码头工程保障通航安全的工程措施进行了研究;用通航条件论证分析的方法提出了保障通航安全的重点监护、作业条件限制、完善海事监管配套设施、制定LNG船舶管理规定等非工程通航安全保障措施