汽车行业成本管理系统的设计与实现

通过对汽车行业成本管理系统的分析,探讨了汽车行业实现成本管理的方法。为汽车工业同行就财务成本管 理方面提供参考,为管理层提供科学的管理信息和决策信息,使企业的财务管理工作规范化和科学化。     

清末民初高等教育部门办学的历史追溯

我国近代意义上的部门办学起源于洋务派所办盼专门学校,这种部门办学的做法延续到了民国时期,并成为一种传统;清末民初的部门办学有其特殊的历史原因,理解这段历史可以更加深刻地理解部门办学在我国独特的地位和作用。     

后危机时代南通船舶产业发展战略研究

文章分析了在金融危机对我国船舶工业带来巨大冲击的背景下,作为南通市支柱产业的船舶工业的发展现状.重点论述了后危机时代,南通船舶工业保持和提高竞争力,持续发展的具体对策.     

洋山深水港水域实施船舶定线制分析

文中拟就在上海洋山深水港建立船舶定线制的必要性、可行性,以及定线制方案进行初步探讨,通过在洋山深水港实施船舶定线制为上海国际航运中心建设提供安全畅通有序的通航环境。     

三峡枢纽船闸水域船舶安全航速最小能见度分析

针对三峡枢纽因能见度不良严重影响过闸效率的难题,通过实船测试等原型观测手段,分析阵雾条件下过闸船舶单向控制性通航操纵特点,并实测制动冲程数据,借鉴同类船舶测试应用的经验公式,计算代表性船舶的制动冲程。从偏安全角度,分析三峡枢纽船闸水域规定的安全航速对应的最小能见度。结果表明,阵雾条件下200 m的能见度,能够满足船闸水域控制性通航要求,为进一步提高三峡枢纽通过能力提供参考。     

大风气象条件下三峡枢纽过闸船舶通航条件

做好极端天气通航条件研究,是保障三峡枢纽通航及运行安全的重要基础。通过观测大风气象条件下船舶通航原型,归纳了6级以上大风条件下近坝水域的航道适航性能,即不同航段风力场、风速、风向与避风区分布规律;通过数值模拟耐波性关键指标,即船舶遇风风压倾侧力矩与风压复原力矩对比值,归纳了不同类型船舶的适航性能及抗风能力差异性。计算结果表明:三峡船闸上引航道在其连接段水域出现6级以上大风时,船闸及引航道水域风力可能小于6级;因风向与引航道轴线夹角小,进出闸船舶受大风影响也较小;在近坝其他水域因大风禁航时,船闸及引航道封闭式、控制性通航是可行的。研究结论为三峡通航机构积极解决大风气象条件下应急通航难题提供了依据。     

Weekly container delivery patterns in liner shipping planning models

This paper addresses a fundamental question related to nearly all container liner shipping planning models: whether the implicit assumption of identical container delivery pattern every week is valid in a situation of identical shipping services and identical cargo demand every week. We prove that when the number of containers transported from one port to the next is formulated as a continuous variable, the resulting mathematical model with an identical container delivery pattern is equivalent to the model with general container delivery patterns which can be different in different weeks. When the number of containers transported is formulated as an integer variable, the model with an identical container delivery pattern is not equivalent to the model with general container delivery patterns. However, the difference between the optimal objective values of the two models is negligible for practical applications. In sum, little, if not nothing, is lost by assuming an identical container delivery pattern in liner shipping planning models.     

‘Only work and sleep’: seafarers’ perceptions of job demands of short sea cargo shipping lines and their effects on work and life on board

Previous research on job demands in seafaring has focused on the effects of workload and circadian disturbance on seafarers’ health and fatigue. Taking a more comprehensive approach, this study identifies job demands of short sea cargo shipping lines and explores their effects on work and life on board. Data came from 54 interviews with officers and crew on five cargo ships. Findings revealed job demands related to characteristics of the schedule, ports, and sea voyages; these were not only associated with workload and circadian disturbance, but also with the difficulty of the work, the ability to plan ahead, and intrusions from third parties. Job demands affected outcomes through two interconnected processes. First, job demands had direct and indirect effects on fatigue and the working climate on board. Second, potential positive effects of job demands (i.e. interesting work and pay) were related to motivation and, together with a good working climate, could reduce turnover. Connecting the two processes, a good working climate was pivotal in counteracting negative emotions and supporting motivation and collaboration. In this way, it functioned as a key resource. External constraints could either buffer or reinforce these effects.     

国外海上浮动核电站的产业发展现状

对美国、俄罗斯、法国和韩国等国家的海上浮动核电站技术研发现状、市场发展现状进行了分析,并在此基础上以俄罗斯为例总结了海上浮动核电站产业发展的关键成功因素。通过此项研究,可为我国开展海上浮动核电站重点工程实践提供一定参考。     

金沙江梯级开发航运发展条件研究

介绍金沙江中下游航道与港口现状及发展规划和水电开发利用规划,对金沙江航运经济腹地进行综合交通运输体系分析并对典型路径运输成本进行测算。在调研分析的基础上,对金沙江客货运量和主要港口吞吐量进行预测。结合水电梯级开发对航道条件的影响,分析金沙江航道开发潜能,提出长江干线航道上延至金沙江的合理区段。针对金沙江中下游4个水电枢纽的现场条件,分析适应翻坝运输的货种对象,提出过坝线路选择与运输组织的原则,开展"水-陆-水"翻坝运输方案与"陆-水"公路短途驳运方案的技术经济分析。以期为金沙江攀枝花—水富段航运资源开发论证提供参考。