Estimation of the perceived value of transit time for containerized cargoes

This paper proposes a novel method for estimating the perceived value of transit time of containers by shipping lines. The key idea is that a shipping line’s published schedule is the optimal decision that minimizes the sum of fuel cost and time-associated costs of the containers adopted by the shipping line. Using the proposed method, we find that the adopted values of transit time for nine trans-Pacific services operated by Orient Overseas Container Line and five trans-Pacific services operated by Maersk Line are between US$5/TEU/day and US$30/TEU/day. We further demonstrate how the adopted value can be used for designing the optimal transit times between ports, analyzing the viability of slow-steaming, checking whether ships should speed up to catch up to connecting ships on other services, and helping to predict the market share of less polluting fuels in view of rules on air emission.     

基于Shapley值法的班轮联盟利益分配问题研究

利益分配是班轮运输战略联盟中关键而又矛盾最突出的一个问题,它对合作关系的持续稳定发展起着决定作用。本文介绍用Shapley值法来解决班轮联盟利益分配的问题,Shapley值法有助于联盟成员间利益的合理分配,使联盟合作持续和稳定。     

汽车用滑石填充聚丙烯的力学性能

滑石填充聚丙烯是汽车工业中应用最多的改性聚丙烯材料，能达到改善其性能的目的。文章介绍了聚丙烯材料加入10％，20％，30％，40％滑石填充后的力学性能变化规律，采用试验研究的方法，按照国家标准对其密度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击韧性等性能进行了测定。结果表明，随着滑石含量的增加，滑石填充聚丙烯的密度不断增大；当滑石含量达到30％，滑石填充聚丙烯的拉伸强度和，中击韧性达到最大值；当滑石含量达到20％时，滑石填充聚丙烯的弯曲强度达到最大值。     

我国自船自代型船舶代理公司转型研究

自船自代型船舶代理公司一直都被定义为其母公司的保障部门,在经历了金融危机后,高额的经营成本以及原有业务量的剧减促使自船自代型船舶代理公司转型,开展公共代理业务便成了该类企业的新利润源.文章从自船自代型船舶代理公司自身特点出发通过分析其开展新业务可能遇到的问题,并提出相应的建议     

Routing and fleet deployment in liner shipping with spot voyages

The routing, scheduling and fleet deployment is an important integrated planning problem faced by liner shipping companies which also lift load from the spot market. This paper is concerned with coordinating the decisions of the assignment of ships to contractual and spot voyages, and the determination of ship routes and schedules in order to maximize profit. We propose a new model for representing voyages as nodes of a directed graph which is used to build a mixed integer programming formulation. Besides contractual and spot nodes, another type of node is put forward to represent a combination of a contractual voyage with one or more spot voyages. In addition, the concept of dominated nodes is introduced in order to discard them and reduce the effort of the search for an optimal solution. A set of test problems has been generated taking into account real world assumptions. The test problems are solved by an optimization software and computational results are reported. The results show the potential of the approach to solve test problems of moderate size.     

VPD技术在中国汽车工业中的应用

从汽车构造的四个方面举例说明了VPD技术在现阶段中国汽车工业中的应用,以及VPD技术对汽车工业发展的意义。     

航运纠纷中诉讼程序当事人不到庭的处理规则

随着我国海洋运输业和航运服务业的迅速发展,航海运输中的各种纠纷正呈逐年上升趋势,其中不乏海事行政诉讼案件.在海事行政诉讼案件中,当事人因为各种原因,有时会拒绝参与诉讼程序,特别是不到庭参加诉讼,这会对海事行政诉讼案件的恰当处理带来不利影响.此种情形下,海事法院应当从合法性和合理性两方面出发,结合法律规定及具体情形,对航运纠纷中海事行政诉讼当事人不到庭的理由作出正当性判断,并据此适用不同的处理规则,以确保海事行政纠纷得到妥善解决.     

预防和降低船上疲劳的“STEP”机制

该文通过综合分析业界有关研究成果和国际海事组织关于船上疲劳的有关导则手册,梳理当前普遍认同的导致船上疲劳的因素并结合实际分析在预防和降低船上疲劳的过程中所面临的障碍,有针对性地提出从社会(Society)、技术(Technology)、经济(Economy)和政策(Policy)层面共同着手建立关于预防和降低船上疲劳的“STEP”机制。     

Low cost carrier competition and route entry in an emerging but regulated aviation market – The case of China

Although China lags behind other liberalized aviation markets in low cost carrier (LCC) development, its largest LCC, Spring Airlines, has achieved rapid growth in traffic volume and revenue, as well as consistent profitability, since its inauguration in 2005. Our empirical study on the Chinese domestic market suggests that Spring adopts a “cream skimming” strategy to enter high-priced routes, allowing the carrier to achieve both a very high load factor and considerable profitability. Spring’s capacity and market share on individual routes are constrained to low levels, likely due to government regulation and/or a “puppy dog” strategy adopted by the carrier. As a result, Spring is able to achieve fast growth without triggering price wars. To incumbent full service carriers, high speed rail (HSR) services impose much more significant competitive pressure than low cost carriers. Similar to LCCs in developed markets, Spring prefers to serve markets with high traffic volumes out of its operational base in Shanghai. Overall, Spring’s entry decision is not significantly affected by competition, either from full service airlines or HSR services. Our investigation suggests that LCCs have potential to introduce more competition but are yet to be a “game changer” in China. Further deregulation of the domestic market is needed.