专用小学生校车座椅的CAE仿真分析及试验验证

针对某款校车座椅多次试验不合格的情况,采用CAE方法对其进行仿真模拟分析,通过试验验证CAE分析的有效性和可靠性,并通过CAE分析提出其结构改进设计方案,使得改进后的座椅试验通过标准要求。     

通过特殊车辆荷载的桥梁荷载试验应用分析

对于需要通过特殊车辆荷载的桥梁,需要对其进行承载能力鉴定,而荷载试验是进行承载能力鉴定比较直观有效的手段。该文通过实际工程运用,对通过特殊车辆荷载的桥梁荷载试验进行了研究分析。     

纵向加劲钢箱梁桥的简化分析

介绍了一种新的流线型薄壁钢箱梁桥。针对该桥大悬臂及大宽跨比的特点进行了试验分析,并进行了数值计算。对于此类复杂结构,选取不同的离散模型对纵向加劲板进行简化模拟,并通过试验验证和全桥模型对所提出的方法的有效性进行判断。虽然全桥模型对于细节和连接部分是不可缺少的分析方法,但是简化分析方法对于确定箱梁结构内力和弯矩仍然保持着一定的有效性。简化分析结果与试验结果保持着较好的一致性,从而验证了其作为预测结构特性的有效性。     

前言

基于RP(Revealed Preference)和SP(Stated Preference)调查数据，利用潜在类别模型对高铁旅客进行细分，得到旅客对平行车次不同服务属性，如列车运行时间、发车时段和舒适度的偏好程度，并对其进行量化；引入收益管理，以多列车整体收益最大为目标，构建平行车次动态差别定价模型，并设计模拟退火算法进行求解；最后，通过京沪高铁进行实例验证.结果表明：与固定票价进行客票销售相比，所提方案能够适应高峰期和平峰期不同客流特点，提高铁路客票总收益，为高铁平行车次灵活定价提供参考.     

地铁车辆轴箱轴承统型化研究

文章针对国内地铁车辆轴箱轴承的总体运用情况,结合轴箱轴承结构特点,对地铁车辆统型轴承进行了选择,并介绍了统型的130 mm(内径)×230 mm(外径)×150 mm(宽)紧凑型圆锥滚子轴承的运用优势。该统型轴承经过了充分的理论计算、试验验证和线路运用,已广泛应用于国内A、B型地铁车辆及国外动车组,速度等级涵盖80 km/h至160 km/h,轴重涵盖了14 t至19 t。     

波浪作用下月池开口对钻井船水动力的影响

结合模型试验与频域数值计算结果,分析月池对船体水动力性能的影响,并对模型试验与数值计算的RAO、月池敞开和封闭的RAO、运动统计结果和附加质量系数进行对比。分析结果显示:月池开口会增大横摇和垂荡运动幅值,并且减小船体的横摇固有周期;当外部激励使月池发生共振时,月池内流体产生的附加质量会发生剧烈变化。因此,月池开口对船体水动力性能会产生一定负面影响,作业时,应当避免发生共振现象。     

无资料旧桥重型交通车辆安全评估检测研究

某待安全评估桥梁是一座无法找到设计及检测资料的4跨简支T梁桥,由于工程建设的需要,在工程实施期间作为交通疏解要道,该桥计划需要通行包括泥头车、平板车等在内的重型交通车辆。为保障施工期间桥梁使用安全性能并获取承载能力数据,以该无资料旧桥通行重型车辆安全评估检测为背景,首先从理论上计算判断通行的可行性,然后通过试验对理论计算的通行能力进行论证,最终得到了安全评估结果。文中采用的安全评估方法可为类似项目提供有益参考。     

The influence of attitude towards individuals’ choice for a remotely piloted commercial flight: A latent class logit approach

The Remotely Piloted Commercial Passenger Aircraft Attitude Scale (RPCPAAS) was created to measure positive and negative attitudes towards a new and plausible form of air travel. This information was then used, in combination with a latent class logit model built on data generated from a stated choice experiment to gain insight into the choice behaviour between conventionally piloted aircraft (CPA) with a pilot on-board and remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) with a pilot on the ground. The results revealed that individuals, on-average, if presented a choice between a CPA and a RPA of equivalent attributes, would elect for the CPA option. However, there is variability in the passengers’ sensitivity to various flight attributes, and these sensitivities were influenced by individuals’ attitude towards the new technology (i.e., RPA). From an operational perspective, and assuming that one day passengers of commercial airlines are offered the choice between CPA and RPA, the strategies employed by airlines to encourage the use of the new technology need to be different, based on individuals’ attitude towards RPA.     

Investigating the nature and impact of reporting bias in road crash data

This paper investigates the nature, and impact of the reporting bias associated with the police-reported crash data on inferences made using this data. In doing so, we merge a detailed emergency room data and police-reported crash data for a specific region in Denmark. To disentangle potentially common observable and unobservable factors that affect drivers’ injury severity risk and their crash reporting behavior, we formulate a bivariate ordered-response probit model of injury severity risk and crash reporting propensity. To empirically identify the reporting bias in this joint model, we exploit an exogenous police reform that particularly affects some specific municipalities of the region under consideration. The empirical analysis reveals substantial reporting bias in the commonly used police-reported road crash data. This non-random sample selection associated with the police-reported crash data leads to biased estimates on the effect of some of the explanatory variables in injury severity analysis. For instance, estimates based on the police-reported crash data substantially underestimate the effectiveness of seat belt use in reducing drivers’ injury severity risk.     

STM8替代51单片机的实验仪技术拓展

目前51系列单片机已面临淘汰,新型单片机替代51系列单片机势在必行.对此提出升级改造51单片机实验仪的方法,以实现51单片机实验仪满足新型单片机实验的要求.基于STM8单片机,利用STM8S-DISCOVERY评估板及电路转接板实现这一升级改造.在探讨具体升级改造方案的基础上,确立合理方案,以较低成本实现了升级改造.这一方案在实验教学实践中获得了很好的效果,表明该升级改造是可行的,值得推广的.