柱形弹性套胀紧联接试验研究

在柱形弹性套胀紧联接理论研究基础上,为了研究柱形弹性套上的螺栓拉力与柱形弹性套所能传递的最大扭矩之间的关系设计了一套试验方案。在自主开发的弹性套胀紧联接试验台上进行试验,用Matlab采集数据,根据试验结果,最终得到柱形弹性套的螺栓压力与最大传递扭矩之间的试验公式。     

Tool Wear Prediction in Micro-end-milling with Hard Material

The applications of micro-machining have increased drastically in the last ten years. However, tools with less than 1mm diameter using for micro-mills have very short and unpredictable life when they are used to cut hard metals. In this study, preliminary design of experiment (DOE) test program was conducted to investigate and identify the factors affecting tool wear at the micro-scale with hard material. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi method were efficient to determine appropriate cutting condition and the effect of parameters. A simple model was also developed to predict the width of slots on the workpiece along the cutting length. The obtained results can provide the basic guidelines for parameter setting of micro-end-milling with hard material.     

基于模拟退火算法的快速登机序列特性研究

合理组织乘客的登机过程可以有效地缩短登机时间,从而降低航空公司和机场管理者的运营及管理成本.首先,在分析造成登机时间延误各种因素的基础上,建立了能够反映乘客登机特征的元胞自动机仿真模型.其次,将该登机仿真模型嵌入到模拟退火算法中,求解出具有最小登机时间的乘客登机序列.最后,通过分析优化序列中的相关特性,可以看出：过道干扰是造成登机延误的主要因素,只有当座位干扰演变为过道干扰后才会对整体的登机时间产生影响;此外,最优序列中相邻登机乘客间的座位距离会随着人均存放行李时间的变化表现出不同的数值分布.     

逐日路径演化中出行者信息偏好的实验分析

在逐日出行过程中,出行者对各类信息的偏好是一个动态变化的过程,不同出行者对同类信息的偏好也不同.本研究搭建不同信息条件下逐日路径选择实验场景,用信息偏好系数表征不同类别信息对出行者感知时间影响的相对权重,研究出行者信息偏好的演化规律与分布特征.实验结果表明,出行个体信息偏好的演化存在3种类型,出行群体对感知时间的信息偏好系数先震荡增加后逐步稳定,出行个体对感知时间的信息偏好系数在出行群体中成正态分布.与只提供完全历史信息相比,同时提供基于指数平滑法的系统预测信息会降低出行者对感知时间的偏好.     

交通指路标志信息量化分析

交通指路标志信息认知的水平直接影响出行者寻路的安全性和舒适性。对不同信息组织形式的交通指路标志进行标志信息理解实验,发现交通指路标志版面信息的位置及字符排列方向对信息的理解水平存在显著性影响。当标志上信息的位置与在路网中的相对位置相同,且字符排列方向没有旋转、与道路线形保持一致时,信息的理解水平较高;当标志上信息被移动或旋转时,信息的理解水平将降低42%~66%。     

钢桥面浇注式沥青结合料比选正交试验分析

浇注式沥青混凝土具有优良的防水、抗老化性能,抗疲劳性能以及对钢桥面板优良的追从性和粘结性能。其在国外应用于桥面铺装已有70多年的历史,而沥青结合料的选取对确保浇注式沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装的优良品质尤为关键。用正交试验方法对浇注式沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装结合料设计中关键因素的分析,考虑基质沥青、特立尼达湖沥青（TLA）以及改性剂三个因素,并以结合料的软化点（环球法）和针入度（25℃）作为评价指标,进行浇注式沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装结合料基质沥青的比选、湖沥青掺量与改性剂添加量分析。研究结果表明浇注式基质沥青应选用3#沥青、TLA掺量为30％、改性剂添加量为3％。     

集装箱码头规划设计的计算机模拟

在改扩建集装箱码头工程规划设计过程中, 建立了计算机动画模拟模型, 并进行了一系列的模型试验。结果发现, 码头极限年通过能力为1 5×10⁶TEU, 制约因素是堆场容量, 适当增加拖挂车数量有助于提高船舶装卸作业效率, 以临海路集装箱堆场为进口箱补充堆场, 码头和补充堆场统一协调运作, 年通过能力可以因此提高到2 0×10⁶TEU。应用结果表明该模型是可行的。     

改进的免疫模拟退火算法求解混合流水车间调度问题

针对混合流水车间调度问题的特点,设计了一种双层编码和解码的方法,在一定程度上扩大了可行解的搜索范围,为了克服传统免疫算法在初期收敛速度慢的问题,在算法的早期应用特定的变异算子,以期提高收敛速度,为避免算法陷入局部最优解,在算法后期,利用模拟退火算法的随机扰动性,引导算法跳出局部最优解,同时还引入了免疫记忆,运用精英保留策略预防最优解的丢失,最终提出了一种改进的混合免疫算法.通过仿真结果表明了该算法在解决混合流水车间问题上的可行性和有效性.     

汽车实验模态分析微机系统的开发及应用

本文介绍了自行开发的适用于汽车工程的实验模态分析微机系统。在阐述适合微机的模态分析理论基础上,展示了该系统的组成结构、软件开发及特点。最后介绍了应用该系统对SC-110汽车驾驶室和车架总成的实验模态分析。     

Effects of economic disincentives on private car use

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of economic disincentives on private car use. Eighty two-adult households who were owners of at least one car were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. Both experimental and control groups logged their car trips during one week before, one week during, and one week after treatment. The treatment consisted of charging two of the experimental groups approximately 100% of normal cost per kilometer of driving during 2 weeks, and charging the third experimental group this amount per kilometer of driving during 4 weeks. With the purpose of investigating whether deliberate planning increases the effect of economic disincentives, the households in one of the former and in the latter group were asked to fill out a prospective car log for the following week. The control group was not charged or requested to fill out a prospective car log but was in other respects treated in the same way. Analyses of the car logs and odometer readings during and at the end of treatment showed a weak reduction of car use due to the economic disincentives that however were almost completely dependent on planning.