高职学生英语学习策略整体使用水平的调查研究

近几十年来,外语教学的研究重心已从研究教学法转向了对研究学习者本身特点及其对语言学习过程的影响,学习策略在外语学习中的作用越来越受到关注。通过使用《语言学习策略调查问卷》（中文版）,对浙江交通职业技术学院725名非英语专业高职学生进行问卷调查并进行了数据分析,以此了解高职学生英语学习策略的使用情况和特征,并为高职学生英语学习策略的研究提供可靠数据。     

面向智能驾驶行为的机器学习

基于机器学习的智能驾驶行为分析是智能车辆发展的方向和难点之一.驾驶行为的知识获取和表达,涉及机器学习中的诸多算法.首先对机器学习在驾驶行为识别判断、建模预测、智能决策等方面的研究进行了分析,进而对驾驶行为分析中的几种主要机器学习算法进行了较为全面的总结,最后给出了各种算法的优缺点.     

平均排队长度差最小的单交叉口在线Q学习模型

为改善交叉口排队长度管理,避免交叉口某个方向排队长度过长,采用强化学习理论建立了以平均排队长度差最小为优化目标的在线Q学习模型.针对控制性能指标相对于邻近的配时方案不敏感的特点,提出了以平均排队长度差作为基本单位重新构造奖励函数,目的是拉大各行为对应的Q值差距,提高模型的收敛速度和鲁棒性.集成Excel VBA,Vissim,Matlab建立了在线仿真平台,作为计算环境对算例进行了计算.算例中利用GPS数据对Vissim软件中车辆加减速度曲线进行了标定.计算结果表明以平均排队长度差作为优化目标能够提高各个方向排队长度的平衡性,优化整个交叉口的时空资源;建立的在线Q模型具有学习能力和较快的计算速度,模型能否收敛受到周期取值和可选行为数量的影响.     

复杂海况下基于强化学习的USV局部路径规划方法研究（英文）

Conducting hydrodynamic and physical motion simulation tests using a large-scale self-propelled model under actual wave conditions is an important means for researching environmental adaptability of ships. During the navigation test of the self-propelled model, the complex environment including various port facilities, navigation facilities, and the ships nearby must be considered carefully, because in this dense environment the impact of sea waves and winds on the model is particularly significant. In order to improve the security of the self-propelled model, this paper introduces the Q learning based on reinforcement learning combined with chaotic ideas for the model's collision avoidance, in order to improve the reliability of the local path planning. Simulation and sea test results show that this algorithm is a better solution for collision avoidance of the self navigation model under the interference of sea winds and waves with good adaptability.     

Local path planning method of the self-propelled model based on reinforcement learning in complex conditions

Conducting hydrodynamic and physical motion simulation tests using a large-scale self-propelled model under actual wave conditions is an important means for researching environmental adaptability of ships. During the navigation test of the self-propelled model, the complex environment including various port facilities, navigation facilities, and the ships nearby must be considered carefully, because in this dense environment the impact of sea waves and winds on the model is particularly significant. In order to improve the security of the self-propelled model, this paper introduces the Q learning based on reinforcement learning combined with chaotic ideas for the model＇s collision avoidance, in order to improve the reliability of the local path planning. Simulation and sea test results show that this algorithm is a better solution for collision avoidance of the self navigation model under the interference of sea winds and waves with good adaptability.     

Applying multiple kernel learning and support vector machine for solving the multicriteria and nonlinearity problems of traffic flow prediction

This article proposes to develop a prediction model for traffic flow using kernel learning methods such as support vector machine (SVM) and multiple kernel learning (MKL). Traffic flow prediction is a dynamic problem owing to its complex nature of multicriteria and nonlinearity. Influential factors of traffic flow were firstly investigated; five‐point scale and entropy methods were employed to transfer the qualitative factors into quantitative ones and rank these factors, respectively. Then, SVM and MKL‐based prediction models were developed, with the influential factors and the traffic flow as the input and output variables. The prediction capability of MKL was compared with SVM through a case study. It is proved that both the SVM and MKL perform well in prediction with regard to the accuracy rate and efficiency, and MKL is more preferable with a higher accuracy rate when under proper parameters setting. Therefore, MKL can enhance the decision‐making of traffic flow prediction. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

重点营运车辆的异常驾驶行为识别研究

为加强对重点营运车辆异常驾驶行为的监督与检测,本文基于时间序列符号化算法(TSA) 与多尺度卷积神经网络模型(MCNN)提出一种组合模型TSA-MCNN,用于识别重点营运车辆异常驾驶行为。首先,对北斗数据进行预处理,并基于营运车辆存在多种车型、多种速度限制、多种异常驾驶行为的特点划分4种异常驾驶行为,构建异常样本数据集。其次,构建TSA-MCNN模型识别样本数据集,其过程分为两阶段,第1阶段,针对重点营运车辆的特点,引入能够粗粒化处理数据特征的时间序列符号化算法与能够多通道参数输入的多尺度卷积神经网络进行组合,并基于Keras库完成TSA-MCNN模型的搭建;第2阶段,利用样本数据集作为模型的输入变量,完成模型的训练、测试与识别。最后,以广河高速重点营运车辆北斗数据验证TSA-MCNN模型的性能, 同时,与异常识别传统算法的卷积神经网络(CNN)模型与动态时间扭曲-K最近邻(DTW-KNN)模型进行对比分析。验证结果表明：TSA-MCNN模型整体识别准确率为97.25%,相对于CNN模型与DTW-KNN模型提高了20.50%与5.63%。其中,TSA-MCNN模型对于正常驾驶行为、超速驾驶行为、紧急停车行为、临时停车行为、低速驾驶行为的识别精确率相对于CNN模型(DTW-KNN模 型)分别提高了26%(13%)、26%(6%)、23%(5%)、28%(3%)、0(0),说明该模型对于重点营运车辆异常驾驶行为的识别具有良好的性能。     

基于机器学习的舰船机电装备故障诊断

随着信息技术的发展,以机器学习、模式识别为代表的人工智能技术在故障诊断领域逐步得到应用。通过对振动噪声信号的采集,利用时频分析技术对信号进行分解,并提取故障特征参数,再利用机器学习或模式识别技术对信号进行判别分类,可以实现舰船机电装备的智能诊断。为了验证该方法,选择经验模态分解方法进行信号分解,采用支持向量机进行诊断分类。通过实验表明,该方法有着较高的诊断精度,故障诊断率达到了96.7%,可以对舰船机电装备常见故障进行准确的智能诊断。     

职业培训与技能鉴定视阈下高职学生职业能力培养的探究

我国实行＂双证书＂制度,为了提高学生的职业技能和综合素质,增强就业创业能力,许多学校面向校内学生开展技能鉴定培训与考核。应将职业培训、技能鉴定与专业教学有效统一,研究职业培训与技能鉴定视阈下高职学生职业能力的培养原则与思路,切实提高学生职业技能水平和就业创业能力。     

GMDSS综合业务实训理实一体化评估方法研究

针对传统的GMDSS综合业务实训评估方法过于刚性的问题,结合实施"理实一体化"新教学模式,论文给出了新的GMDSS综合业务实训评估方法:评估主体采用多元化方式,并增加了平时成绩的考核,在专业技能评估时,采用新的评估方法和标准,并将评估结果改为百分制进行打分,通过加权求和得到最终评估结果。新的GMDSS综合业务实训评估方法不仅具有可行性和可操作性,而且能够反映学生掌握设备操作的实际情况和专业技能的差异性。