青岛港前湾港区集装箱堆场作业系统节能减排改造工程装卸工艺设计

青岛港前湾集装箱工程2010年集装箱吞吐量为1 021万TEU,是我国乃至世界上最繁忙的集装箱码头之一。通过对柴油RTG改造成为电动RTG工程的实施,大大减少了港区柴油消耗量,减少CO2、SO2等有害气体的排放,达到节能减排的目的。介绍前湾二期、三期部分箱区"油改电"改造工程的技术方案,并对节能效果进行分析。     

反渗透海水淡化用海水泵的研究与发展现状

海水淡化是人类解决淡水缺乏的必然途径,反渗透海水淡化适应性宽,无论大、中、小规模,还是海水或苦咸水都适用,是近20年发展最快的海水淡化技术,本文主要介绍反渗透海水淡化系统中的关键部件-海水泵的国内外研究、应用与发展现状,分析探讨了海水泵的关键技术问题.     

挡土墙后曲面滑裂面下黏性土主动土压力计算

为了研究挡土墙后土体滑裂面的形状并计算土压力,建立了挡土墙后黏性填土滑动楔体达到极限平衡状态时的静力平衡方程.采用变分学方法求解滑裂面曲线方程和主动土压力的计算公式,得到土体滑裂面曲线为一对数螺旋线.将主动土压力计算值与库仑主动土压力、工程实测值分析对比.结果表明,计算所得的主动土压力值比广义库仑理论的计算值大5.37%,且与工程实测值较为接近.最后分析了挡土墙及墙后填土各参数对曲面滑裂面下的主动土压力值的影响,可知填土的黏聚力和内摩擦角是影响土压力值的关键参数.     

汽车天窗玻璃密封条开启、关闭异响问题的研究

汽车天窗即作为通风、采光的汽车功能部件,同时也是直接能被客户感知的部件,汽车天窗的运行时平稳、安静能提高乘员的舒适性。本文从机理上对天窗打开、关闭过程中的密封条摩擦振动进行了分析,并提出了部分影响、控制因素。设计、开发及验证阶段注意这些因素,即可避免出现这样的问题,稳定天窗总成的质量。     

土体中应力分布基本规律的探讨

基于土体的颗粒结构和只有颗粒接触传递应力的特性，对不同姿态颗粒接触中应力传递的机理分析，揭示了土体在相对静态下存在主动力的应力扩散效应和强被动力的应力集中效应，及其形成的土体中应力分布基本规律。主动力的应力场是以其所在土层的应力扩散角θ向外扩散的园锥形应力范围，在应力场内应力扩散分布，主应力方向不变，且伴有与之垂直的法向应力，应力分布均衡了应力场内颗粒和支承面的位移趋势。强被动力的支承面上存在以θ角向外扩散倒锥台形的应力平衡范围，在此范围内反向应力集中作用到强支承面，强支承面主导了其所在应力场的应力分布。土拱效应是应力集中效应的衍生效应，是相邻的同向强支承反力的应力平衡范围发生重迭时产生的现象。     

Dynamic model for the wheel–rail contact friction

Accurately estimating the coefficient of friction (CoF) is essential in modelling railroad dynamics, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing safety in rail operations. The typical assumption of a constant CoF is widely used in theoretical studies; however, it has been noticed that the CoF is not constant, but rather depends on various dynamic parameters and instantaneous conditions. In this paper, we present a newly developed three-dimensional nonlinear CoF model for the dry rail condition and test the CoF variation using this model with estimated dynamic parameters. The wheel–rail is modelled as a mass–spring–damper system to simulate the basic wheel–rail dynamics. Although relatively simple, this model is considered sufficient for the purpose of this study. Simulations are performed at a train speed of 20 m/s using rail roughness as an excitation source. The model captures the CoF extremes and illustrates its nonlinear behaviour and instantaneous dependence on several structural and dynamic parameters.     

软土地区铁路桥梁墩台滑移病害整治技术研究

针对宁启铁路既有线某桥墩台位移病害,根据现场实测结果,建立力学模型进行理论分析,得出墩台滑动的主要原因是由于桩基侧向土体约束作用极低所致的结论,计算时采用自由桩长的假定,结合现场地形情况提出"纵向顶撑、横向限位"的桥梁加固原则,采用墩台之间设置水平系梁、桥台外侧设置横向限位桩、台后地基钻孔释放应力等整治措施。     

Geometric design safety estimation based on tire–road side friction

A closed-loop drive–vehicle–road–environment system (DVRES) model was established using Adams/Car and Matlab/Simulink. Dynamic responses of lateral tire forces based on tire–road side friction and road geometric characteristics are used to investigate vehicle side slip for geometric design safety estimation. The root mean square, the maximum values of lateral tire forces, comfort limit on curves and vehicle trajectories are used to quantify the safety margin of side friction. The simulation results show that the safety margins of lateral tire forces for radius, operating speed and superelevation rate were 18.2%, 19.3% and 17.6%, respectively, to guarantee good vehicle lateral reliability and ride comfort, while lower speeds are optimal in wet and slippery roads. Finally, a case study was conducted to illustrate the analysis of road design safety, and on-site experiment testing further validated the accuracy and reliability of the closed-loop DVRES model.     

论如何提高水泥混凝土路面滑模摊铺平整度技术指标

采用大型、先进的滑模摊铺技术能提高水泥混凝土路面的整体质量,确保水泥混凝土路面的平整、密实以及行车舒适性。基于实践经验,就如何提高水泥混凝土路面滑模摊铺施工中平整度指标提出几点建议,以供参考。     

半潜式钻井平台用三滚筒锚机研制

针对目前国内半潜式钻井平台配套用三滚筒式锚机研究文献较少的现状,开展三滚筒锚机的设计研究。该锚机最大额定拉力1 700 kN,容绳量3 500 m,结构采用双滚筒摩擦绞车和储存绞车配合形式,可满足1 200 m水深半潜式钻井平台应用。文中着重介绍了主要设计原理,并进行详细的校核计算及关键部件有限元分析,结论证明该设计合理,使用可靠且安全。