高速公路施工区交通组织方案研究

首先分析了高速公路施工区交通组织的基本原则,提出施工作业区长度控制问题,并提出了施工区各控制区（警告区、锥形区和缓冲区）的长度标准,深入研究了施工区的限速分级标准和程序,通过推荐新增施工区的各类标志,与现有的施工区交通标志共同构成了施工区的标志系统,在此基础上,对高速公路施工区交通标志和交通安全设施的设置进行了研究。     

Driver behavior formulation in intersection dilemma zones with phone use distraction via a logit-Bayesian network hybrid approach

Use of cellular phone while driving is one of the top contributing factors that induce traffic crashes, resulting in significant loss of life and property. A dilemma zone is a circumstance near signalized intersections where drivers hesitate when making decisions related to their driving behaviors. Therefore, the dilemma zone has been identified as an area with high crash potential. This article utilizes a logit-based Bayesian network (BN) hybrid approach to investigate drivers' decision patterns in a dilemma zone with phone use, based on experimental data from driving simulations from the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). Using a logit regression model, five variables were found to be significant in predicting drivers' decisions in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks: older drivers (50–60 years old), yellow signal length, time to stop line, handheld phone tasks, and driver gender. The identified significant variables were then used to train a BN model to predict drivers' decisions at a dilemma zone and examine probabilistic impacts of these variables on drivers' decisions. The analysis results indicate that the trained BN model was effective in driver decision prediction and variable influence extraction. It was found that older drivers, a short yellow signal, a short time to stop line, nonhandheld phone tasks, and female drivers are factors that tend to result in drivers proceeding through intersections in a dilemma zone with phone use distraction. These research findings provide insight in understanding driver behavior patterns in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks.     

穿越破碎带隧道掌子面力学模型及最小安全厚度研究

隧道穿越断层破碎带的稳定性及安全防护问题是目前隧道建设的难点。针对隧道掌子面前方存在破碎带松散岩土体的典型工况,基于隧道围岩以及掌子面的力学特性,采用理论计算、数值模拟、工程实践相结合的手段,提出了掌子面稳定岩体的最小安全厚度计算方法,并对隧道掌子面前方破碎带的预加固及处治方案进行了探讨。首先,建立了破碎带-岩板力学模型,将掌子面的岩体等效为受荷载作用的岩板,对受破碎带压力的岩板最小安全厚度展开计算分析,得到了岩板厚度与岩层倾角、破碎带有效高度的关系表达式,并对帷幕注浆处理参数进行了优化;随后基于理论计算结果,与某隧道穿越破碎带施工中因未控制掌子面岩体厚度而导致隧道失稳的典型案例展开对比分析;最后结合Comsol Multiphysics软件开展数值仿真模拟,分析了不同岩层倾角、隧道埋深、注浆预处理参数等因素对掌子面岩板最小安全厚度的影响。结果表明：理论计算、工程实际与数值模拟结果具有较好的一致性;正常施工时掌子面最小安全岩板厚度随破碎带有效高度的增大而增大,随岩层倾角增大而减小,故应在达到安全厚度之前对破碎带进行预支护;在选用帷幕注浆方法对破碎带进行预处理时,最小安全岩板厚度随着岩层倾角的增大而减小,此时在注浆过程中需要保留较大的安全厚度,同时控制注浆压力。     

回流区水流运动三维数值模拟

建立了三维有限元水流模型,模型中采用了高分辨率计算格式。依此模型计算了突扩引起的回流,获得的掺混区流速分布和回流区固定点水位、流速非恒定过程与实测结果基本一致。     

新型缓粘结预应力体系的试验研究

介绍了一种以树脂胶粘剂为介质的新型缓粘结预应力体系的试验研究,其中包括能满足该体系要求的固化期在3、6、12个月左右、抗压强度50 MPa以上的胶粘剂组分及物理力学性能的研究;对预应力筋在不同时间张拉锚固作业中的κ和μ进行测量;缓粘结预应力筋在应力状态下进行了腐蚀试验;采用缓粘结预应力筋制作了8根预应力受弯构件进行试验,并与同条件制作的有粘结、无粘结预应力梁进行比较。结果表明,胶粘剂固化后的缓粘结预应力构件的工作性能,几乎和有粘结预应力构件相同。通过几个缓粘结预应力工程的施工,表明该体系的施工工艺与无粘结预应力施工工艺相近,简便易行。该体系将后张法中的无粘结和有粘结预应力混凝土体系相结合,使传统的预应力技术有了更新的发展。     

The Methodologies of Empowerment? A Systematic Review of the Deployment of Participation in the Coastal Zone Management Literature

Participation (e.g., stakeholder involvement) has become a central concept in the practice of environmental and coastal zone management. Research has shown that the integration of participation in coastal zone management has positive ecological and social outcomes. In the literature, however, participation is often reported in an unstructured and uncritical manner. Therefore, to find out whether and how there is a useful way to structure and characterize the way the coastal zone management literature deals with participation, we have conducted a literature review. The review was conducted and the literature structured through three central dimensions of participation, namely: power, knowledge, and (visions of) nature. The article concludes that this structured approach to participation enables us to study more systematically the role of participation and might facilitate the governance and learning processes of coastal networks.     

特殊挖掘料斗在深水区河道清理中的应用研究

用特殊料斗清理河道具有速度较快、制作简单、投入少、效益高等优点，对特殊挖掘料斗在深水区河道清理中的应用、研究过程进行分析、介绍，有利于施工方案的推广应用。     

湘潭市湘江四桥系杆锚固区局部应力分析

针对湘潭市湘江四大桥主跨结构为(120 400 120)m的斜拉钢管混凝土系杆拱桥,该桥系杆锚固于混凝土边主梁上,系杆锚固区受力状态复杂的情况,基于有限元分析,发现设计结构存在局部拉应力过大的现象,为了解决该问题,对系杆锚固区的结构设计进行修改及进一步力学分析,提出减小锚固槽壁及支座对锚下变形约束的结构设计思路和具体措施,以实现减小局部应力的目的。所得结论和建议可供同类结构设计参考。     

寒冷地区客车的防寒设计

根据25T型铁路客车在寒冷地区的运用,分析了列车防寒的主要因素,包括车体的密封性、防寒材料的薄弱部位和热绝缘等。结合运用结果,提出了寒冷地区列车防寒结构方案的改进设计。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.