古典和后现代白雪公主之比较研究

美国著名后现代小说家巴塞尔姆于20世纪60年代成功重塑德国格林兄弟经典童话人物白雪公主.将古典与后现代白雪公主相比较,尽管作者创作时代迥异,但仍然可以从历史和社会的角度隐约窥见两位公主相联系和继承的痕迹.巴塞尔姆运用后现代小说中颠覆与重构的技巧,向世人展示了另类白雪公主的凄凉命运.后现代白雪公主就好像古典白雪公主穿越时空后真实命运的写照.     

沈阳铁路枢纽资源整合模式及效益研究

在铁路三级管理架构中,基层站段是全路高效运营的基础,管理模式多种多样,部分站段的管理模式与铁路整体改革的步伐不相匹配.沈阳地区的3个原直属客运站存在机构繁多、管理架构臃肿、资源浪费、员工积极性不高的问题.3个客运站整合后,运营高效、资源节省、员工积极等一系列优势逐步体现.沈阳铁路枢纽资源整合模式可为类似客运站整合、合理...     

公路建设项目社会经济影响评价指标体系研究

介绍了公路建设项目社会经济影响评价的概念、目的和特点,建立了公路建设项目社会经济影响评价指标体系.     

Critical mass: forging a politics of sustainable mobility in the information age

Critical Mass, an urban bicycle/sustainability movement, began in San Francisco in 1992 and has spread to more than 100 cities around the world during the past eight years. Featuring organized monthly bicycle rides in specific cities, Critical Mass uses the Internet to sustain local and global actions, combining cyber-communication with face-to-face interactions. Critical Mass aims to shape debates on sustainability and material practices that will contribute to sustainable communities through a celebration of bicycling. We examine the ways in which Critical Mass uses scale to organize for sustainability. We also describe, through a survey of participants and interviews with bicycle advocates, how Critical Mass has been successful in changing people's travel behavior and in legitimizing the efforts of formal advocacy organizations.     

开放街区条件下的微循环道路网络设计

适当合理开放城市街区内部道路,利用街区内部高密度的支路网络充当主路分流的交通毛细血管,打开交通微循环,可以达到减少城市交通盲点,缓解局部交通拥堵的目的.以街区内部所有道路为可选道路集,路段饱和度超限量最小化和 OD车流绕行距离最小为优化目标,建立街区内部交通微循环网络优化双层规划模型.利用遗传算法求解得到最优的支路改造路段集合与区域内微循环路网的组织方式.通过算例对比分析,与封闭街区相比,开放街区部分支路组织微循环,可以实现最小化改造成本和最大化通行效率的目标,明显减小周边干道交通流饱和程度及车辆绕行距离.     

钱学森与管理科学

着重介绍了钱学森院士的学术思想及他对系统科学、管理科学的重要论述,论述了在钱学森院士的学术思想指导下,对如何建立中国的管理科学的途径做了深刻的分析,以倡导和提高人们对管理科学及系统工程在组织管理方面的作用和认识,他提倡要从系统上整体上考虑和分析问题,推动自然科学与社会科学结合以及如何坚持结合国情实际发展管理科学等都作了详细论述.     

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社会影响评价是交通项目评价的重要内容之一.识别项目利益相关者,分析利益相关者的利益需求,评价项目实施后,核心利益相关者利益需求的满足程度是项目社会影响评价的主要思维范式.然而由于公共项目的利益相关者众多,不同利益相关者的利益存在冲突,导致社会影响评价难以得到确切结论.因此,需要对不同利益相关者的利益诉求区别对待.本文利用契约理论,识别了非经营性交通项目的核心利益相关者,并结合公平目标,从获取信息能力和谈判能力两个维度对非经营性交通项目核心利益相关者进行了分类,在研究核心利益相关者利益诉求的基础上,提出了非经营性交通项目社会影响评价的内容.      

灰色模型在GDP预测中的应用

在交通量预测中,社会经济指标数据是最基础的预测数据,研究了灰色预测模型在社会经济预测中的应用方法,并进行了具体的应用,实践证明应用效果良好。     

设置公交专用道的交通效益评价

设置公交专用道会对城市道路交通行为主体产生较大影响,交通效益评价是公交专用道规划设计过程中必不可少的关键环节。构建了公交专用道交通效益的评价指标体系,在此基础上采用层次分析法对各个评价指标的权重进行了确定,最后选用模糊决策的方法进行综合交通效益评价,以确定出最优方案,为公交专用道项目决策和方案比选提供参考。     

Activity settings and travel behaviour: A social contact perspective

Using time-use data from Canada, Norway, and Sweden, this study briefly outlines the essence of the activity setting approach and illustrates one aspect of its usefulness by exploring the impact of social contact on travel behaviour. The activity system approach views behaviour in context. Activity settings are generic components of the activity system and studying them using time-use diaries can provide major insights into travel behaviour. Focusing on social contact, this paper characterizes the social environment in terms of social circle (interaction partners) and social space (location). The analysis shows that there are clear differences in the levels of social interaction across various groups, including those who work at home. The 1992 Canadian data showed people working at the workplace spend relatively more time with others, about 50% of total time awake. Working at home reduced the time with others to a low of 15.7%. when people worked at home the family benefited, almost doubling the time spent with them compared to those working at the workplace. Persons working at home only spend the most time alone. There is a tendency for persons with low social interaction to travel more. It is argued that individual need, or want, social contact and if they cannot find it at the workplace they will seek it elsewhere thus generating travel. Whether this is the result of need or opportunity is of minor relevance, what it does suggest is that working in isolation at home will not necessarily diminish travel but rather may simply change its purpose. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.