社会性规制视角下城市机动车限行的合理性研究

为了明确机动车限行政策的性质,分析政府采取该类政策的动因或依据,引导公众正确地认识和评价政策,提升政策的实施效果,综合运用文献研究、实践调查、理论研究等方法,全面考察了上海、北京和杭州等城市制定和实施机动车限行政策的具体情况及所产生的社会反响,针对政策所受到的质疑、反对和批评,充分明确了政策的社会性规制性质,运用社会性规制的相关理论深入分析了政府实施机动车限行政策的依据。研究认为,尽管机动车限行政策的实施限制了人们对机动车的使用和购买,给个人权益带来了一些负面影响,但政府实施该政策的合理依据在于克服因机动车使用活动产生的负外部性以及其存在的信息失灵而引起的市场失灵,减少其产生的社会不公平和控制其产生的危害公众健康、财产和安全的风险。     

大学生社会实践存在的问题及对策探讨

分析了当前高校社会实践活动存在的主要问题,结合自身的社会实践经验就进一步深化大学生社会实践活动提出了建议,探讨了加强和改进高校社会实践环节的措施.     

以科学的考评机制促进高校安全稳定

文中分析建立高校安全稳定工作考评机制的重要意义,提出了构建安全稳定工作考评机制的原则,探讨构建安全稳定工作考评机制应注意的主要问题。     

公路养护作业区的长度优化方法

公路养护工作是维持道路正常运行的基本保证,但是设置养护作业区往往需要封闭部分车道,这常会给道路上的交通流带来不利影响,而对养护作业区长度进行优化设计可以减少这些负面影响。本文对养护作业区长度优化的基本原理、计算方法和优化机理进行了理论探讨。     

欧标体系下码头打入桩施工前期策划及工作流程

码头打入桩施工前期的策划主要包括选择打桩设备、制定沉桩控制标准和现场试验等,是打入桩设计施工能否顺利实施的关键.而中、欧标准的差异会让熟悉国内标准的中国工程师对欧标体系下打入桩施工前的策划工作感到困扰.从规范条文出发,介绍欧标体系下码头打入桩施工前期的主要策划工作,并通过与中国规范相关内容的对比,总结中、欧标准的异同以...     

村村通工程后评价

通过大量调查,对村村通工程产生的社会效益、经济效益、公路路况、对周围环境影响等进行的后评价．为今后工作的进行提供了参考。     

浅谈工程项目的计划与控制

随着项目管理的全球化和规范化,对项目进行科学化的管理势在必行。因此,根据国际化项目管理知识体系．结合具体的项目管理流程,对现代项目计划与控制的思想方法进行阐述,可供同行参考。     

企业改制与统计工作

简要讨论改制后,企业统计工作面临的新变化及如何适应这种变化,做好统计工作的思考及方法。     

Integration of signal timing estimation model and dynamic traffic assignment in feedback loops: system design and case study

This paper presents an integrated framework for effective coupling of a signal timing estimation model and dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) in feedback loops. There are many challenges in effectively integrating signal timing tools with DTA software systems, such as data availability, exchange format, and system coupling. In this research, a tight coupling between a DTA model with various queue‐based simulation models and a quick estimation method Excel‐based signal control tool is achieved and tested. The presented framework design offers an automated solution for providing realistic signal timing parameters and intersection movement capacity allocation, especially for future year scenarios. The framework was used to design an open‐source data hub for multi‐resolution modeling in analysis, modeling and simulation applications, in which a typical regional planning model can be quickly converted to microscopic traffic simulation and signal optimization models. The coupling design and feedback loops are first demonstrated on a simple network, and we examine the theoretically important questions on the number of iterations required for reaching stable solutions in feedback loops. As shown in our experiment, the current coupled application becomes stable after about 30 iterations, when the capacity and signal timing parameters can quickly converge, while DTA's route switching model predominately determines and typically requires more iterations to reach a stable condition. A real‐world work zone case study illustrates how this application can be used to assess impacts of road construction or traffic incident events that disrupt normal traffic operations and cause route switching on multiple analysis levels. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Taxis in road pricing zone: should they pay the congestion charge?

This study aims at investigating the impact and feasibility of charging taxis with toll fee in the pricing zone when designing congestion pricing scheme. A bi‐level programming model is developed to compare the maximum social welfares before and after the congestion charge is imposed on taxis. The lower level is a combined network equilibrium model formulated as a variational inequality program, which considers the logit‐based mode split, route choice, elastic demand, and vacant taxi distributions. The upper level is to maximize the social welfare when toll rates vary. The bi‐level problem can be solved by the genetic algorithm, whereas the lower level is solved by the block Gauss–Seidel decomposition approach together with the method of successive averages and diagonalization algorithm. An application with numerical examples is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm and to reveal some interesting findings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.