厦门港东渡港区19#泊位的改建设计及施工综述

由于厦门城市规划和港口功能区划调整,需将厦门港东渡港区19#泊位的煤码头改建为5万吨级的多用途码头(按靠泊10万吨级集装箱船预留),拟建的码头结构型式为沉箱重力式。为此,需将旧的高桩梁板码头拆除。介绍高桩梁板码头拆除方案的设计及施工,重点分析岩质海岸地质条件下预制桩的拆除方案。     

基于Petri网的虚拟维修手部动素建模

针对虚拟维修仿真中手部动作仿真难度大、不容易控制的问题,提出基于Petri网手部维修动素模型,将虚拟维修手部动作根据维修操作封装为若干动素单元的组合,降低了仿真计算的难度,从而提高手部动作控制的精确性,以螺栓拆卸的手部动作建模过程为例进行验证。     

防治桥头跳车的新方法

介绍一种采用“桥路一体化设计”的新方法 ,即在桥梁设计中采用无台身钢筋混凝土实体桥台及在桥墩上设置可升降式支座的措施来防止桥头跳车 ,这种方法较好地解决了桥台和台背路基填土的刚柔过渡问题 ,消除桥头部位在通车以后产生工后不均匀沉降 ,较彻底、简便、快速地解决桥头跳车问题     

A parameterized consideration set model for airport choice: an application to the San Francisco Bay Area

Airport choice is an important air travel-related decision in multiple airport regions. This paper proposes the use of a probabilistic choice set multinomial logit (PCMNL) model for airport choice that generalizes the multinomial logit model used in all earlier airport choice studies. The paper discusses the properties of the PCMNL model, and applies it to examine airport choice of business travelers residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. Substantive policy implications of the results are discussed. Overall, the results indicate that it is important to analyze the choice (consideration) set formation of travelers. Failure to recognize consideration effects of air travelers can lead to biased model parameters, misleading evaluation of the effects of policy action, and a diminished data fit.     

水面舰艇固体垃圾处理对策初探

随着各国越来越重视保护海洋环境，船舶垃圾的处理问题也越来越受到人们的关注。通过对水面舰艇固体垃圾的种类、数量和处理方法的介绍，并根据国内外船舶垃圾处理方面的一些法规要求，考虑到不同类型水面舰艇的特点，提出了相应的固体垃圾处理对策。     

Planktonic community structure and carbon cycling in the Arabian Sea as a result of monsoonal forcing: the application of a generic model

The Arabian Sea exhibits a complex pattern of biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, which vary both seasonally and spatially. These dynamics have been studied using a one-dimensional vertical hydrodynamic model coupled to a complex ecosystem model, simulating the annual cycle at three contrasting stations. These stations are characterised by seasonally upwelling, mixed-layer-deepening and a-seasonal oligotrophic conditions, respectively, and coincide with extensively measured stations on the two JGOFS ARABESQUE cruises in 1994. The model reproduces many spatial and temporal trends in production, biomass, physical and chemical properties, both qualitatively and quantitatively and so gives insight into the main mechanisms responsible for the biogeochemical and ecological complexity. Monsoonal systems are typified by classical food web dynamics, whilst intermonsoonal and oligotrophic systems are dominated by the microbial loop. The ecosystem model (ERSEM), developed for temperate regions, is found to be applicable to the Arabian Sea system with little reparameterisation. Differences in in-situ physical forcing are sufficient to recreate contrasting eutrophic and oligotrophic systems, although the lack of lateral terms are probably the greatest source of error in the model. Physics, nutrients, light and grazing are all shown to play a role in controlling production and community structure. Small-celled phytoplanktons are predicted to be dominant and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima are robust centers of production during intermonsoon periods. Analysis of carbon fluxes indicate that physically driven outgassing of CO₂ predominates in monsoonal upwelling systems but ecological activity may significantly moderate CO₂ outgassing in the Arabian Sea interior.     

基于不规则三角网的视相关细节层次网格化方法研究

多分辨率三角形网格表示对于实时渲染复杂的几何场景来说是一个重要的工具。本文对交互可视复杂的三角形网格提出了有效的视相关网格化的框架,介绍了涉及视锥、表面方向和屏幕投影误差的视相关网格化准则,给出了基于边的数据结构和构建元操作层次结构的方法,同时根据这些准则发展了渐进细化和简化网格的实时算法。提出的视相关网格化方法具有较高的时间效率。     

基于模糊神经网络的海浪中舰船多自由度运动建模方法研究

基于切片理论计算在诸规则波中的舰船多自由度运动响应，并以此为样本训练模糊神经网络，最终建立起一种新的舰船在随机波浪中的多自由度运动模型，并通过算例验证该方法的实用性和可靠性。     

Simulated responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading

A mathematical model was used to simulate monthly responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading over a 45-year period. We examined six hypothetical future scenarios that are based on observed and projected changes in the Mississippi River discharge, Mississippi River nitrate concentrations, and ambient water temperatures. In particular, we investigated the implications of a 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrogen flux, which was recently proposed by the Mississippi River Watershed/Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Task Force as a measure to reduce the size of the hypoxic zone. Model simulations suggest that the frequency of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico is highly sensitive to variations in riverine nitrate flux, but also to variations in freshwater discharge and ambient water temperatures. A 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrate flux, for example, would reduce the frequency of hypoxia by 37%. Nevertheless, a 20% increase the Mississippi River discharge, which may occur under some climate change scenarios, would produce an increase in the frequency of hypoxia of the same magnitude. Thus, if the potential climatic variations are taken into account, a 30% decrease in the nitrogen flux of the Mississippi River may not be sufficient to accomplish the proposed hypoxia management goal.     

浮筏隔振装置的超单元建模方法

浮筏是一种集弹簧、阻尼器、刚体和弹性体为一体的混合动力学系统，对其建立合适的动力学模型存在困难，为此本文提出一种超单元建模方法。该方法首先在物理空间中对装置中弹性体的有限元模型进行降阶，并建立相应的超单元，然后与普通单元一样把它们直接组装到总体模型中。用该方法建立起来的动力学降价模型不仅在规模上远小于未降阶的有限元模型，而且能很好地保留原模型在中、低频段内的动态特性。数值示例表明，本文提出的超单元建模方法是一种有效的浮筏隔振装置建模方法。