Severity of pedestrian injuries due to traffic crashes at signalized intersections in Hong Kong: a Bayesian spatial logit model

The present study intended to (1) investigate the injury risk of pedestrian casualties involved in traffic crashes at signalized intersections in Hong Kong; (2) determine the effect of pedestrian volumes on the severity levels of pedestrian injuries; and (3) explore the role of spatial correlation in econometric crash‐severity models. The data from 1889 pedestrian‐related crashes at 318 signalized intersections between 2008 and 2012 were elaborately collected from the Traffic Accident Database System maintained by the Hong Kong Transport Department. To account for the cross‐intersection heterogeneity, a Bayesian hierarchical logit model with uncorrelated and spatially correlated random effects was developed. An intrinsic conditional autoregressive prior was specified for the spatial correlation term. Results revealed that (1) signalized intersections with greater pedestrian volumes generally exhibited a lower injury risk; (2) ignoring the spatial correlation potentially results in reduced model goodness‐of‐fit, an underestimation of variability and standard error of parameter estimates, as well as inconsistent, biased, and erroneous inference; (3) special attention should be paid to the following factors, which led to a significantly higher probability of pedestrians being killed or sustaining severe injury: pedestrian age greater than 65 years, casualties with head injuries, crashes that occurred on footpaths that were not obstructed/overcrowded, heedless or inattentive crossing, crashes on the two‐way carriageway, and those that occurred near tram or light‐rail transit stops. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

天津富民桥主索鞍与散索套的制作

天津富民桥主桥为单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥,简述该桥主索鞍、主跨散索套、边跨散索套的结构组成,重点介绍主索鞍、散索套的加工制作工艺以及制作过程中的重点检验项目.     

自锚式悬索桥空间索面猫道架设与调整

天津富民桥主桥为单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥,其主跨主缆采用三维空间线形.在体系转换的过程中,主缆不仅产生垂直方向的变位,还会产生横向变位,猫道位置也需作出相应调整.主要介绍猫道架设与调整方法.     

天津富民桥主桥整体结构空间分析与设计

天津富民桥主桥为单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥,桥塔为独柱,主跨主缆采用三维空间线形,在立面及平面投影皆为抛物线,边跨主缆采用1组(2根并排)缆索不加竖向吊索形式.主要介绍该桥的结构设计特点,并简述整体结构空间分析计算结果.     

先简支后连续分布式箱梁桥后连续预应力合理张拉顺序研究

采用等效节点力的概念,以虚拟层合单元程序为平台,分析推导了预应力空间效应分析的方法,并以此为基础,考查了一座先简支后连续小箱梁桥后连续预应力张拉引起的结构空间效应。针对先简支后连续的施工特点,重点考查了结构在不同的后连续端浇注与张拉顺序下的预应力效应及其对结构受力的影响。结果表明,采用不同的张拉顺序,对于结构的受力和变形,尤其是临时支座的合理受力影响很大。并从中选择一次性浇注所有后连续端部的施工顺序作为最优的工序,推荐为施工所采用。     

国外公路生态影响大尺度合作性研究

大尺度合作性研究不足会忽视很多道路生态影响,造成一定程度上的科研空区,甚至产生错误的研究成果。基于此,通过分析道路生态影响作用尺度及现存研究所存问题,同时详细探讨国外大尺度合作性研究的概况,并提出公路生态影响大尺度合作性研究适用领域及相应的方法和实施步骤,可以提高学术界对道路生态影响大尺度合作性研究的重视,提高道路生态影响科研水平。     

曲面灰色关联性在桥梁静载损伤定位中的应用

基于灰色理论的关联性分析方法,首次提出两空间曲面相关性概念和灰色高斯曲率关联系数,并将其应用到基于桥梁静载试验的损伤定位中,提出对局部损伤非常敏感的静态位移高斯曲率置信因子,通过该因子对各测点的损伤进行精确判断;并将其运用在五跨连续刚构桥的损伤定位上,从定位的结果可以看出,定位的精度可以由测点布置精度来控制,还可以进行单损伤和多损伤的定位,因此该方法在桥梁损伤定位中具有较广阔的应用前景.     

空间信息网格的数据互操作方法

空间数据互操作是空间信息网格(SIG)的关键技术之一,文中提出了一种较为通用的SIG数据互操作方法.该方法基于OGSA-DAI扩展了一个空间数据访问活动,设计了一套空间数据访问接口,从而以空间数据网格服务的形式实现对分布、异构的多维空间数据的互操作,是基于Web服务的空间数据互操作方法的一种具体实现,实验系统以二/三维空间数据为例验证了其可行性.     

青干河大桥施工阶段的第一类稳定分析

采用大型有限元程序ANSYS,对某中承式钢管混凝土拱桥施工阶段进行了第一类稳定分析,对各施工阶段稳定安全系数进行了分析和对比。     

A Practical Model for Deformation Prediction of Highway Subgrade Soils

This paper reports a practical constitutive relation for highway subgrade soils. The proposed model is derived based on the laboratory repeated-load testing of four subgrade soils. Statistical parameters generally used in the power model of subgrade permanent strain are expanded into material constants with engineering significance. The constitutional relation reported in this paper can be used in the mechanistic-based pavement design of highway flexible pavements and railroad tracks.