Spatial fisheries ecology: Recent progress and future prospects

We review recent progresses made in the study of fish distribution and survival over space — i.e., fisheries spatial ecology. This is achieved by first surveying the most common statistical approaches and relative challenges associated with the analysis of fisheries spatial data, loosely grouped in geostatistical and regression approaches. Then we review a selected number of case-studies implementing the discussed techniques. We conclude by proposing new areas of statistical and ecological research to further our understanding of how fish distribute and survive in space. This review serves a dual purpose by emphasizing the scientific importance of studying spatial interactions to better understand the temporal dynamics of fish abundance, and by promoting the development of new analytical and ecological approaches for the analysis of spatial data. Through our survey we cover different statistical techniques, marine ecosystems and life stages. This analytical, geographic and ontogenetic variety is also purposely selected to highlight the importance of comparative and multidisciplinary studies across diverging ecological disciplines, ecosystems and life stages. Besides having a general ecological relevance this review also bears a more applied significance, owing to the increasing need for protecting renewable marine resources along with their primary habitat.     

Robust optimization for the correlated MIMO downlink with imperfect channel state information

To reduce the performance deterioration induced by imperfect channel state information (CSI) in cor-related multiple input multiple output(MIMO) downlink, the linear transmit/receive filters should be optimized to be robust to imperfect CSI. A sub-optimization algorithm based on minimizing sum MSE conditional on available imperfect CSI estimates subject to a per-user power constraint is proposed. The algorithm adapts the existing MMSE algorithm from uncorrelated single-user MIMO system with perfect CSI to correlated MIMO downlink with imperfect CSI. Simulation shows that the suboptimal algorithm can effectively mitigate the performance loss induced by imperfect CSI and has a good convergence performance. In addition, the effect of spatial correlation on the performance of the proposed algorithm is also simulated.     

贵广铁路东平水道特大桥抗震设计研究

东平水道特大桥主桥双线铁路(85.75+286+85.75)m钢桁架拱桥,为国内首座该类型铁路桥梁。桥位处抗震设防烈度为7度,主桥的地震设防为设计关键。建立主桥三维有限元抗震模型,详细研究在33号活动墩墩顶不设置或设置液体黏滞阻尼器装置对主桥的抗震影响效果,采用反应谱和时程两种分析方法,对抗震分析结果进行比较。结果表明:(1)地震反应不控制钢桁架拱桥和桥墩身结构设计,仅控制桩基础设计;(2)33号活动墩墩梁间设置纵向减隔震液体黏滞阻尼器,对32号固定墩纵向抗震响应影响不大,效果不明显;(3)给出的最小配筋率均能满足各桥墩桩基础抗震验算及预期的抗震要求。     

LAPPED TRANSFORM DOMAIN INTERFERENCE EXCISION USING MODIFIED MEDIAN FILTER

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｍｉｔｉｇａｔｅＮＢＩｉｎｓｐｒｅａｄｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ｉｔｉｓｏｆｔｅｎｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｔｏｓｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｔｈｅｉｎｎａｔｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇｇａｉｎｂｙｕｓｉｎｇａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｓｉｇｎａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓｓｕｃｈａｓｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｄｏｍａｉｎｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｅｘｃｉｓｉｏｎ（ＴＤＩＥ）．ＴＤＩＥｈａｓｔｗｏｋｅｙｐａｒｔｓ．Ｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｉｓｔｏｃｈｏｏｓｅａ…     

光谱分析技术在船舶燃料油与气缸油配伍研究中的应用

本文叙述了用原子吸收光谱分析方法研究船用重质燃料油与不同气缸油的配伍试验时使用 Bolnes 三缸柴油机和原子吸收光谱仪,通过测定废气缸油中铁、铬含量来确定气缸磨损情况,用磨损指数和清洁分散性系统地评价配伍效果。采用该方法,可在短期运行后不需停机,拆机,即可取样测定.原子吸收光谱分析法灵敏度高,精确度强,是一种有价值的方法.     

基于基频提取的舰船辐射噪声监测与诊断技术

状态监测与诊断技术是当前在国内外发展迅速、用途广泛、效果良好的一项重要工程技术.借鉴工业系统的实践经验,结合水声信号处理的长期试验和发展情况来看,在机械状态的监测中频谱仍然是主要的线索,基频是起主要贡献作用的频率.将状态监测与故障诊断技术用于监测舰船辐射噪声,通过监测、分析其线谱中几组典型基频的变化,判定目标是否处于良好运行状态,从整体上评价、预测舰船的技术状态和战术状态,使其达到总体最优,这相比局部最优有更好的经济和现实意义.     

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S.

The United States contributes only 0.2% of the 18,814?MW of global installed offshore wind capacity. Lack of development has been attributed in part to a cumbersome regulatory process that includes the evaluation of environmental impacts. Assessments are based on biological, social, and technical data that are often incomplete. Marine spatial planning (MSP) may help fill data gaps. We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants to understand (1) whether a lack of biological data impedes offshore wind environmental assessments, (2) whether MSP could mitigate these impediments, and (3) whether MSP could advance offshore wind development in the U.S. in other ways. Most informants stated that a lack of biological data in offshore wind environmental assessments was problematic due to incomplete data, uncertainty of data, and mismatched scales. Data issues may be mitigated by creation of data products and increased communication, outcomes of MSP that may benefit the regulatory process by increasing data availability, resolving conflicts among users, and providing a common operating picture. Challenges remain in integrating MSP into the processes of siting and permitting offshore wind, but it provides a strategic framework for the systematic identification, collection, collation, analyses, application, and management of data in the offshore wind environmental regulatory process.     

重庆鱼洞长江特大桥地震反应分析

以重庆鱼洞长江大桥为研究对象,建立了大跨度高墩连续刚构桥的空间计算模型,考虑群桩与桩土效应,分析其动力特性,并运用反应谱法与时程分析法计算了一致激励及下大跨连续刚构的地震响应。分析结果表明:该桥动力特性符合设计要求,其横向地震响应比纵向大,具有良好的抗震性能。     

大跨度连续刚构桥抗震响应特性评估研究

为判断已建桥梁结构的抗震特性,迭代拟合了规范反应谱对应的人工加速度时程。分别采用反应谱法及时程分析方法对运营期大跨度连续刚构桥进行了E1级及E2级抗震特性研究,研究结果表明：本桥地震响应低阶参与振型与地震动峰值对应卓越频率值并不吻合,本桥在E1及E2地震作用下,墩身及主梁结构响应值较小,地震动作用下不会发生桥梁碰撞特征。     

三线扭摆系统测量刚体转动惯量试验方法改进

获取汽车零部件总成刚体转动惯量是汽车系统设计的重要前提之一。从三线扭摆法测量刚体转动惯量的原理出发,分析引起试验误差的主要因素,总结了一套更为方便、可靠的测量三线摆周期的方法。其关键技术有:(1)由加速度传感器和数据采集系统获取三线摆圆盘切向加速度的时间历程信号;(2)通过计数和频谱分析分别得到三线摆周期并进行比较分析。试验过程中容易引起误差的环节较多,通过规则体质量块试验验证和大量的汽车零部件总成转动惯量识别试验,证明这一方法的准确性和实用性。