湖南某高速公路膨胀土变形特征相关性试验研究

通过室内大量膨胀土试验，对湖南某高速公路3种膨胀土击实土样的变形特征相关性进行了研究。研究结果表明：对于同一种膨胀土，其膨胀力和膨胀量的大小主要取决于土的含水量和干密度；根据试验数据进行半对数线性回归分析，线性相关显著；同时对膨胀土的变形机理进行了探讨。研究结果为膨胀土路堤的设计及膨胀土地基处理提供了重要依据。     

高压共轨喷油器喷油量均匀性研究

根据高压共轨系统的喷油要求,进行了电控喷油器喷油量均匀性分析和试验。着重讨论了影响喷油器喷油量均匀性的关键因素,分析了喷孔加工精度、驱动电路、共轨压力等对喷油量均匀性的影响,进行了用不同的脉宽增量修正喷油量试验,修正后喷油量均匀性能达到3 %~5 %的要求。     

集料含泥量对沥青混合料水稳定性影响分析

分析了集料表面的洁净程度对集料与沥青粘附性的影响,含泥量越高,使得沥青膜与集料之间越难形成粘结力,从而致使沥青混合料的水稳定性降低。总结了评价沥青混合料水稳性的方法,提出使用消石灰可以改善沥青混合料的水稳定性。     

寒区隧道温度简谐波传热特征与影响因素的敏感性

为探究寒区隧道温度场的时空演化规律, 以波的视角从时间尺度和空间尺度建立了寒区隧道温度简谐波径向传热模型, 基于傅里叶传热定律推导了寒区隧道温度简谐波径向传热表达式; 依托兴安岭公路隧道温度测试结果, 验证了温度简谐波径向传热表达式的可行性, 分析了温度简谐波沿隧道径向深度的分布特征与随冻融周期的变化规律; 采用系统稳定分析法, 研究了温度简谐波对各影响因素归一化的敏感度因子。研究结果表明: 沿隧道径向深度0.00~4.00 m, 温度振幅呈负指数函数形式衰减, 变化范围为11.67℃~0.45℃; 温度相位移呈正比例函数形式增大, 变化范围为0.00~75.24 d; 年平均温度呈线性升高的趋势, 变化范围为-0.62℃~1.98℃; 受隧道区气温逐年变暖趋势的影响, 隧道进口端壁面年平均温度从2016~2019年升高了约0.75℃, 年平均温度随冻融周期逐年增大, 2.00 m深度内年平均温度受冻融周期影响较大, 超过2.00 m年平均温度受冻融周期影响相对较小; 隧道进口端壁面温度振辐从2016~2019年衰减了1.48℃, 温度振幅随冻融周期逐年衰减, 2.00 m深度内温度振幅衰减较快, 超过2.00 m温度振幅衰减较慢; 隧道进口端壁面日相位从2016~2019年延迟了7.20 d, 日相位随冻融周期逐年增大。温度简谐波对各影响因素的敏感性由高到低依次为壁面温度振幅、壁面年平均温度、围岩含冰率、围岩含水率、围岩孔隙率、骨架颗粒的质量热容量与导热系数。     

交通指路标志信息量与视认性关系

为了确定指路标志合理路名数, 在室内模拟实验基础上, 运用EMR-HM8眼动仪, 分析了交通指路标志信息量与视认反应时间的定量关系, 对比了目标路名指路标志与非目标路名指路标志视认性。发现指路标志视认的一般规律: 当路名数为2~7个时, 视认反应时间不超过2.50s, 且与指路标志路名数呈显著线性正相关; 目标路名标志视认时间明显小于非目标路名标志的, 平均差值为0.52s。提出了城市道路指路标志视认反应时间的建议取值: 路名数不大于5, 且车速小于50km·h^-1时, 可采用2.00s的视认反应时间; 路名数大于5, 或车速不小于50km·h^-1, 可采用2.50s的视认反应时间; 指路标志路名数以不超过5个为宜。     

高速交通中堵塞形成阶段的交通流模型

研究了高速交通中由于各种交通瓶颈而导致交通堵塞的过程, 通过与高速空气动力学中的激波问题作比拟, 建立适用于这一过程的交通流模型, 包括完全堵塞和部分堵塞两种状态下的不同模型。依据实际测量数据, 论证了平面交叉口绿灯转红灯时车流堵塞波的推进速度满足正态分布假设, 其拟合优度高于泊松分布假设。建立的完全堵塞状态下的交通流模型揭示, 随着上游来流的平均流量增加, 堵塞波的推进速度呈指数规律上升, 堵塞前后交通状态指数改变值在0.0 2~ 0.30范围内。根据部分堵塞状态下的交通流模型, 又可以得到不同程度堵塞条件下, 堵塞波的推进速度与上游来流流量之间的定量变化规律, 可以作为控制上游来流流量, 以减缓堵塞发展或尽快消除堵塞的计算依据。     

Self-management of greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions in Taichung Port,Taiwan

A self-management approach and committee were established in Taichung Port to facilitate the control of the total quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions from various sources in the port district. This self-management approach was the first approved case by the Environmental Protection Bureau of Taichung City. The district has a land area of 37.93 km² and a sea area of 2035.75 km², and it is divided into various zones, namely heavy industry, export processing, and harbor zones according to the difference of based on differences in land use. The approach includes an inventory and actions to reduce carbon levels and air pollutants. The year 2014 was defined as the base year of emissions; however, some of the emission benchmark values were changed in 2015 or 2016 because more accurate inventory results became available during those years. A self-management committee comprising a general manager, departmental directors, and experts/scholars was formed in 2015. In the self-management approach, nine main reduction strategies and three actions to offset GHG and air pollutants were continually enforced. The results demonstrate that the environmental protection to facilitate the development of a green port is workable. Following the successful experience of Taichung Port, the self-management method was adopted in other industries and areas in Taichung City, a special municipality.     

An aircraft boarding model with the group behavior and the quantity of luggage

A reasonable boarding model can effectively improve the boarding efficiency. Therefore, developing boarding models/strategies to improve the boarding efficiency has been an interesting topic in the air transportation. In this paper, we incorporate the group behavior and the quantity of luggage into the boarding process, and then develop an extended boarding model to investigate the effects of the two factors on the delay time and boarding time. The numerical results show that the quantity of luggage may make each passenger’s boarding behavior more complex, while the group behavior can shorten some passengers’ delay time and the total boarding time. The results can help administrators organize the boarding process and enhance the boarding efficiency.