钢-混双面结合梁正常使用阶段的截面刚度分析

对钢—混凝土双面结合梁在支座和跨中的截面刚度进行了分析研究,按照中和轴在钢梁内、下翼缘混凝土板内两种情况分别对钢-混凝土双面结合梁截面刚度进行了计算。在连续梁中选取了一跨为独立分析单元,将其看作分段等刚度梁,并对该梁在正常使用阶段的变形进行了计算。按照结构力学原理得出了在均布荷载和梁端弯矩作用下梁的跨中挠度计算公式。     

大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥主拱混凝土灌注阶段空间稳定分析

介绍了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥稳定分析方法,以湖北景阳河大桥为工程背景,基于有限元理论,运用ANSYS软件建立了空间有限元计算模型.分析了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥管内混凝土灌注施工阶段的线性和非线性稳定性,得到了各个施工工况的稳定系数和失稳模态,其结果对该桥的施工控制具有重要的指导意义。     

一种多通道信息融合的横向减振器性能退化阶段辨别方法

对于转向架这样复杂的系统,分布在系统不同位置的传感器可以实时检测大量数据。这些数据能够反映高速列车运行过程中转向架关键部件的性能退化状态,但单一通道的振动信号存在着信息缺失、信噪比低等缺陷,无法据此实现转向架关键部件性能退化阶段的精确辨识。因此,本文以横向减振器为研究对象,通过对转向架振动数据相关性分析,提出了车体和转向架上多个通道的振动信号共同用于横向减振器性能退化阶段辨识的方法。并通过构建基于CNN的多通道信息融合模型,将多个通道信息进行融合,实现了横向减振器性能退化特征的自适应提取与阶段辨识。将该方法与基于单个通道的方法进行比较,结果表明,该方法能够精确实现横向减振器间隔10%的性能退化阶段辨识。     

Stress and failure analyses of thermoplastic composite pipes subjected to torsion and thermomechanical loading

The interest of using thermoplastic composite pipes has increased in offshore deepwater oil fields. Thermoplastic composite pipes consist of several carbon/glass fiber reinforced laminate layers to confer stiffness and strength located between inner and outer homogeneous thermoplastic layers for fluid containment and protection. This paper presents a theoretical analysis for thermoplastic composite pipes under combined pure torsion and thermomechanical loading from operational thermal gradients, considering the inner and outer isotropic homogeneous layers and intermediate transversely isotropic laminate ply layers. Perfect bond between adjacent layers and interfaces continuities are assumed. Based on the obtained stresses in the principal material directions, through-thickness failure indexes related to the von Mises and Maximum Stress or Tsai-Hill criteria are respectively evaluated for homogeneous and laminate layers. For each thermal gradient, the limit torque (i.e. when the failure index is equal to 1) is calculated. From the case study, it is observed that without thermal loading or for small operational temperature, failure occurs in the laminate, otherwise it is observed in the inner homogeneous layer. The thickness of the homogeneous layer significantly affects the limit torque and the absolute values of the limit clockwise and anticlockwise torque slightly differ when the operational temperature is included.     

加载波形对LZ50车轴钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响

在三角波、正弦波、方波3种加载波形下对LZ50车轴钢紧凑拉伸试样开展疲劳裂纹扩展试验,采用扫描电镜观察断口形貌,并结合试验数据分析加载波形对裂纹尺寸增量和扩展速率的影响。结果显示:加载频率较高时,疲劳裂纹扩展行为对波形的敏感性较低,断口形貌基本相同;加载频率较低时,波形对疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响增大,断口形貌出现差异;稳态扩展区以疲劳条带为主要扩展机制,三角波加载下的疲劳条带间距明显小于其他2种波形,其失稳扩展区形貌以韧窝为主,且韧窝较其他2种波形下的小且浅。同时,基于LS-DYNA软件和节点位移外推法对CT试样在3种加载波形下的应力强度因子进行计算和分析。结果表明:仿真分析波形对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响机制与试验结果基本一致。     

A macroscopic loading model for time-varying pedestrian flows in public walking areas

A macroscopic loading model applicable to time-dependent and congested pedestrian flows in public walking areas is proposed. Building on the continuum theory of pedestrian flows and the cell transmission model for car traffic, an isotropic framework is developed that can describe the simultaneous and potentially conflicting propagation of multiple pedestrian groups. The model is formulated at the aggregate level and thus computationally cheap, which is advantageous for studying large-scale problems. A detailed analysis of several basic flow patterns including counter- and cross flows, as well as two generic scenarios involving a corner- and a bottleneck flow is carried out. Various behavioral patterns ranging from disciplined queueing to impatient jostling can be realistically reproduced. Following a systematic model calibration, two case studies involving a Swiss railway station and a Dutch bottleneck flow experiment are presented. A comparison with the social force model and pedestrian tracking data shows a good performance of the proposed model with respect to predictions of travel time and density.     

Implementing first-in–first-out in the cell transmission model for networks

In traffic assignment models with time-varying flows (dynamic network loading or dynamic traffic assignment), overtaking behaviour is normally not included in the model and, in that case, it is important that the model at least approximates first-in–first-out (FIFO), to prevent deviations from FIFO that are arbitrary or unrealistic or not physically possible. For the cell transmission model (CTM) it has recently been shown that the usual recommended method for preserving FIFO will ensure FIFO for each cell taken separately but does not fully ensure FIFO in the transition between cells and hence does not fully ensure FIFO for sequences of cells or for links or for routes. As a result, deviations from FIFO can easily occur and cumulate along the links or routes. In view of that, we define and analyse three different levels of satisfaction or approximation of FIFO, together with corresponding methods for achieving them. Two of these are existing methods and one is new. We develop, analyse and compare the three methods and the extent to which each of them adheres to FIFO for sequences of cells and links or routes. Also, for two of the methods we present a more detailed algorithm for applying them within the CTM. The paper is concerned with how to implement FIFO in the CTM and not with testing for FIFO or measuring deviations from FIFO.     

变速器齿轮冲击试验的加载方式研究

通过对变速器疲劳寿命台架试验的故障分析，研究其齿轮在不同加载方式下的损坏情况。     

船舶修理（改装）的典型工况

提高船舶修理（改装）工程中的技术水平，是现代修船企业做大做强的基本保证。在船舶修理（改装）工程中，会出现各种各样的因施工造成的船体结构载荷的变化，为了保证船舶修理工程的顺利进行，就必须清楚具体的载荷情况，文章分析了在船舶修理（改装）过程中出现的典型工况以作为制订施工工艺方案的力学依据。     

黏性场地列车荷载影响下衬砌半渗透边界盾构隧道诱发地表固结沉降解

列车荷载作用下衬砌长期渗漏会显著影响软土盾构隧道周围土体的固结沉降，对邻近环境和地铁的安全运营造成不良影响。针对盾构隧道周围土体固结沉降的既有理论研究一般多考虑衬砌不透水条件，较少考虑衬砌渗漏水及列车荷载耦合作用对于地层固结沉降的影响。引入隧道衬砌半渗透边界和列车三角形循环时效荷载，基于Terzaghi-Rendulic固结理论，采用Boltzmann三元件模型模拟土体流变效应，推导了列车荷载作用下黏弹性地层盾构隧道渗漏水诱发的土体超孔隙水压力消散和地表固结沉降的复变函数解析表达式，并与6个工程实测数据进行对比，验证了所给出解析解的正确性与适用性。此外，通过参数分析讨论了衬砌-土体渗透比和列车荷载参数对土体固结沉降的影响。结果表明：衬砌-土体渗透比是影响盾构扰动地层固结快慢的主要影响因素，衬砌-土体渗透比越大，固结完成时间越早；列车荷载作用下，早期固结沉降速率相较于不考虑列车荷载时会有较明显的增加，但在列车荷载当量增加后，固结沉降速率的增长有所放缓，且其增量与衬砌-土体渗透比密切相关，衬砌-土体渗透比越大，沉降增加量则越大；隧道衬砌可以视为扰动地层的排水边界，其加速了土体固结沉降，而列车荷载与衬砌半渗透性耦合，进一步改变了土体固结沉降形态。