Local structural analysis of flexible pipes subjected to traction,torsion and pressure loads

Helically armored cables or pipes find a wide range of applications as structural members in engineering. An example of this is the increasing use of flexible pipes in the oil offshore production. Although keeping a geometrical similarity with other helically armored structures such as wire ropes and ACSR conductors, and borrowing from them a useful methodology for the structural analysis, some care must be taken in order not to indiscriminately use an approach which was not thought for a flexible pipe: internal and external pressures, for instance, are a great concern in the analysis of flexible pipes, but obviously not for wire ropes. This work aims at giving some additional contribution to the structural response of flexible pipes when subjected to axisymmetric loads, including the effect of both internal and external pressure in pipe displacements. Derivation of linear operators, relating the stress-resultants to their related displacements or deformations in each of the layers of the pipe, as well as the process of deriving an analogous linear operator to represent the behavior of the pipe as a whole, are clearly presented, highlighting interesting mathematical aspects and their associated physical meaning. A numerical case study of a 2.5″ flexible pipe subjected to traction and internal pressure is also presented and discussed.     

6200车位滚装船汽车绑扎件安装分析

分析6200车位滚装船汽车绑扎件在安装阶段存在的问题,研讨对策并提出改进方案.通过比较改进方案前后的数据,验证该方案的有效性.该方案实现了节约材料、能源,减少现场作业工时,可提高现场综合施工效率.     

浅埋、偏压、软岩隧道进洞施工技术研究

浅埋、偏压、软弱围岩隧道进洞施工一直是隧道施工的难点,通过实例介绍此类隧道施工关键技术,采用重力式挡墙和边仰坡加固措施处理隧道偏压,采用大管棚、超前小导管及套拱法处理隧道浅埋,采用三台阶七步流水法进行软弱围岩洞内施工,同时阐述施工过程中监控量测的方法和对围岩变形的处理措施。     

Experimental and numerical investigations on laser-welded corrugated-core sandwich panels subjected to air blast loading

Experimental investigations on the laser-welded triangular corrugated core sandwich panels and equivalent solid plates subjected to air blast loading are presented. The experiments were conducted in an explosion tank considering three levels of blast loading. Results show that the maximum deflection, core web buckling and core compaction increased as the decrease of stand-off distance. Back face deflections of sandwich panels were found to be nearly half that of equivalent solid plates at the stand-off distances of 100 mm and 150 mm. At the closest stand-off distance of 50 mm, the panel was found to fracture and fail catastrophically. Autodyn-based numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of sandwich panels. A good agreement was observed between the numerical calculations and experimental results. The model captured most of the deformation/failure modes of panels. Finally, the effects of face sheet thickness and core web thickness on the dynamic response of sandwich panel were discussed.     

海洋非金属管道在位稳性数值模拟

文章研究了在波流水动力荷载作用下海洋非金属管道管土接触的在位稳性。通过嵌入UWAVE子程序的ABAQUS施加考虑升力的水动力荷载,编写基于Zhang理论弹塑性模型自定义管土接触单元,对管道进行动态分析。结果发现管道的应力应变处于较低水平,在位状态失效不是由强度破坏造成的;不考虑升力将使管道陷深增大,侧向位移受到约束。最后做了参数分析,包括管道安装过程中的集中荷载效应、海床土壤类型及考虑海床不平整造成的悬跨段长度。     

利用极限质心高度的半潜船装载能力分析

结合某半潜船空载静水力数据和液舱的相关数据提出一种半潜船质心高度计算方法,然后根据半潜船的稳性变化曲线得到其稳性随吃水变化的控制点,通过对比半潜船的质心高度与极限质心高度来确定其装载大型沉箱及异形型沉箱的施工可行性,可进一步形成具有查询、计算功能的数据库为施工人员决策提供参考。     

新干枢纽下游河床冲淤及航道条件变化计算

根据赣江流域规划,在赣江下游三湖镇河段规划兴建新干航电枢纽,枢纽建成后坝下游的河床冲淤及水位变化需要进行预测研究。建立了坝址至南昌118 km长河段的一维水沙数学模型,计算了拟建新干枢纽坝下河道河床下切与水位下降情况。结果表明:在现状河道条件下,经过6~7个水文年河床调整后,枢纽下游河段河床冲淤接近平衡;经过10个水文年作用后,新干枢纽坝址下游附近河段河床最大冲刷深度为1.76 m,坝址下游附近水位最大下降值为1.56 m。分析了河床调整后坝址至南昌河段航道条件的变化。     

基于修正CS模型的船用低碳钢动态力学性能研究

为了得到船用低碳钢的动态力学性能及本构关系,运用静态试验机及分离式Hopkinson压杆加载装置,在应变率为0.000 2~3 900 s-1范围内得到了准静态拉伸及动态压缩条件下的应力应变曲线,对Cowper-Symonds材料模型进行了修正,得到了两种形式的本构关系,并讨论了模型的适用性。结果表明:船用低碳钢具有明显的应变率强化效应和非线性应变硬化效应;两种动态本构关系可以描述材料在冲击荷载下的力学性能;模型在高应变率(2 000 s-1)下的使用应慎重。     

有限水深中破损船舶的运动与波浪载荷研究

由于有限水深中船舶搁浅和触礁等严重破损事故频发,为了减少事故的发生,对有限水深中船舶破损后的运动及波浪载荷的研究显得十分必要。文章基于三维势流理论,引入有限水深自由面Green函数,在频域内使用奇点分布法对一艘首部破损进水的散货船在有限水深中的运动与波浪载荷展开了计算,并根据劳氏船级社规范做了短期预报。短期预报结果表明,该散货船破损进水后,船体所受垂向和水平波浪弯矩均比破损前有明显增加,且在较浅水深中变化更为显著。     

循环荷载下混凝土单桩-冻土流变效应试验

为明确冻土地区混凝土桩基在循环荷载作用下桩土流变效应对桩端位移、桩端阻力以及桩侧冻结应力的影响,利用在冻土中的混凝土模型桩顶端施加正弦波循环荷载的方法,包括改变循环荷载大小、加载频率和冻土温度,开展了循环荷载下桩土流变效应的研究.结果表明:循环荷载大小、荷载频率及冻土温度是影响混凝土单桩-冻土流变效应的主要因素;冻土流变效应的存在,致使桩侧冻结应力随时间推移而降低,而桩端阻力逐渐变大;荷载频率增大,桩侧冻结应力也随之变大,而趋于稳定的时间较短;温度升高,桩端位移就越大,桩侧冻结应力越小,其趋于稳定所需时间也较长;对于多年冻土区桩基础,在设计及运营中应尽量保持及降低冻土的负温,降低荷载频率.