臂式地铁接触轨几何状态参数检测小车研究

为解决地铁接触轨几何状态参数人工检测精度低、效率低、工人劳动强度大等问题,在调研国内外相关技术现状的基础上,充分考虑测量精度和效率要求、测量空间对测量机构体积和质量的限制等内外部因素,研发一种基于平行四边形机构的臂式地铁接触轨几何状态参数连续检测小车。小车基于接触式测量原理,对小车进行机械机构设计和参数设计,建立数学模型,然后对采集的数据进行计算分析,验证接触式测量的有效性。试验证明,该检测小车拉出值的综合检测精度达到0. 1 mm,导高综合检测精度达0. 17 mm,其测量效率和精度能很好地满足地铁接触轨几何状态参数检测的要求。     

地铁站台门系统设备健康管理研究与应用

综合研究地铁机电设备运行特性,实现从被动故障修和计划修向主动智能状态修的跨越。提出一种地铁机电设备健康管理评价方法,通过失效实验验证机电设备状态量的门槛阈值,利用数学模型对设备状态进行量化,并基于状态量健康指标评判设备状态的优劣。在此基础上,运用MATLAB拟合时间与设备健康指数之间的非线性关系模型,求解并预测设备健康状态及维护时间节点,对科学规划设备检修周期、提前预判设备状态具有重要的理论及实践指导意义。研制设备状态量智能采集装置,通过上位机实时计算验证、预判,并在郑州地铁1号线进行充分验证,达到预期效果。     

暗挖法地铁施工测量与反馈技术

研究目的:在地铁施工中使用可靠的监测与信息反馈技术手段能够有效防止事故的发生。采用竖井联系三角形测量,把地上和地下联系起来。加强对变形、收敛、拱顶下沉以及地面沉降的监测,并将各项监测数据及时整理、绘制位移-时间等变化规律曲线,对初期时态曲线进行回归分析,可预测出可能出现的最大变形值、应力值等重要参数,为暗挖风险预控提供了重要依据。研究结论:应用严密的施工测量与信息反馈技术,时时掌握被监测物的变形情况,进行预测,及时调整设计和施工参数,为地铁施工提供了准确的依据,对地铁建设和同类地铁施工环境具有重要借鉴和参考价值。     

液压马达实验方法研究

介绍了液压试验分类方式,根据其独具的特点对在用液压马达性能试验加载方法进行分析,并分类对工程机械用各种液压马达在泵工况下进行试验的可行性进行了探讨.     

汽车操纵稳定性的广义汽车转向稳态响应模型

针对传统汽车操纵稳定性理论的线性二自由度模型的不足,构建了一个新的广义汽车转向稳态响应模型,并说明了该模型的广泛适用性。以某不足转向轿车模型的有关参数为例,仿真计算并比较了应用两种模型时该轿车等速圆周行驶时的稳态响应状况,验证了广义模型的正确性,同时得到了一条有别于传统汽车操纵稳定性理论的重要结论。     

计算机仿真研究平整度指标与路面状态的定量关系

参照平整度测量仪的结构及原理,用MATLAB科学计算语言对平整度的测量过程进行了模拟仿真,分析平整度指标与路面状态参数之间的定量关系,并阐述了此项研究对提出新的摊铺机自动找平系统的控制方式,提高路面平整度具有的实际意义与可行性.     

考虑横向漂移的船舶路径跟踪自抗扰控制

针对船舶运动系统中内部动态不确定和外部干扰等问题,进行了欠驱动船舶路径跟踪的自抗扰方法研究。利用Backstepping设计参考航向角,并通过线性扩张状态观测器对流干扰和横向运动引起的横向漂移进行估计。其次,根据自抗扰算法对航向进行控制,采用线性扩张状态观测器对外界干扰及内部不确定项进行估计。最后仿真结果表明,在风流干扰下所设计的控制器仍能使船准确地跟踪上参考路径,验证了所提控制方案的有效性。     

Controller design for gating traffic control in presence of time-delay in urban road networks

Recent studies demonstrated the efficiency of feedback-based gating control in mitigating congestion in urban networks by exploiting the notion of macroscopic or network fundamental diagram (MFD or NFD). The employed feedback regulator of proportional-integral (PI)-type targets an operating NFD point of maximum throughput to enhance the mobility in the urban road network during the peak period, under saturated traffic conditions. In previous studies, gating was applied directly at the border of the protected network (PN), i.e. the network part to be protected from over-saturation. In this work, the recently developed feedback-based gating concept is applied at junctions located further upstream of the PN. This induces a time-delay, which corresponds to the travel time needed for gated vehicles to approach the PN. The resulting extended feedback control problem can be also tackled by use of a PI-type regulator, albeit with different gain values compared to the case without time-delay. Detailed procedures regarding the appropriate design of related feedback regulators are provided. In addition, the developed feedback concept is shown to work properly with very long time-steps as well. A large part of the Chania, Greece, urban network, modelled in a microscopic simulation environment under realistic traffic conditions, is used as test-bed in this study. The reported results demonstrate a stable and efficient behaviour and improved mobility of the overall network in terms of mean speed and travel time.     

基于模糊综合评价法的城市综合管廊结构健康评价方法研究

为解决城市综合管廊结构健康状况评估结果无法量化和指导运维的问题，通过分析模糊综合评价理论在交通隧道结构健康评价方法研究中的应用，依照类比思想，利用该理论建立城市综合管廊结构健康状况评价体系。首先，依据有关养护规定和调研结果，基于不同需求分别建立管廊结构的本体完好状况和本体结构状况评价指标体系； 其次，以交通隧道和综合管廊养护经验为基础，划分各指标的分级判定标准； 然后，采用层次分析法，计算评价指标的权重分配； 最后，采用柯西分布型隶属函数和矩阵型隶属函数确定各指标的隶属度，建立一级和二级模糊综合评价模型，赋予评价向量中各评语相应分值，将评价向量单值化，判定管廊结构健康状况。采用所提出的评价方法应用于实际工程，所得评价结果与经验评判得到的结果相同。     

State estimation in roll dynamics for commercial vehicles

Accurate lateral load transfer estimation plays an important role in improving the performance of the active rollover prevention system equipped in commercial vehicles. This estimation depends on the accurate prediction of roll angles for both the sprung and the unsprung subsystems. This paper proposes a novel computational method for roll-angle estimation in commercial vehicles employing sensors which are already used in a vehicle dynamic control system without additional expensive measurement units. The estimation strategy integrates two blocks. The first block contains a sliding-mode observer which is responsible for calculating the lateral tyre forces, while in the second block, the Kalman filter estimates the roll angles of the sprung mass and those of axles in the truck. The validation is conducted through MATLAB/TruckSim co-simulation. Based on the comparison between the estimated results and the simulation results from TruckSim, it can be concluded that the proposed estimation method has a promising tracking performance with low computational cost and high convergence speed. This approach enables a low-cost solution for the rollover prevention in commercial vehicles.