桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法

为了便于桥梁养护与管理,提高桥梁精细化管养的水平,在分析国内外相关行业的信息分级与编码体系的基础上,结合桥梁属性和养护特点,提出了桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法,制定了精确到构件级的分级编码结构和分类代码。据此,基于二维码应用设计了桥梁构件智能信息标签,采用APP扫描信息标签的方式对桥梁构件进行识别,初步建立了一套适用于桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法。应用结果表明,该方法能建立全面、统一和精确到设施构件级的身份标识并能快速识别桥梁构件,为桥梁全生命周期养护管理奠定基础,极大提升了桥梁养护效率和质量。     

西安地铁隧道中隔墙加台阶法施工诱发的邻近桥桩变形及其控制措施

采用FLAC3D软件预测了地铁中隔墙加台阶法施工诱发的邻近桥桩变形规律,结果表明:桥桩最大水平变形和倾斜率均超出变形允许值,必须对既有桥桩采取加固措施才能确保其在地铁施工期间的安全使用。提出了采用袖阀管注浆技术控制桥桩变形的措施,并制定了现场监测方案。实测结果表明,加固措施能够确保桥桩变形在允许范围内,证明了提出的变形控制措施合理有效。     

风对交通设施的作用空气动力学研究现状

风对交通设施的作用是一种十分复杂的现象，随着桥梁结构向着超高、异型和密布等方向发展，导致风对桥梁结构的影响越来越不可忽视。讨论桥梁结构风工程中的风对结构的作用，边界层风洞试验模拟风场特性和基于高频动态天平测力技术的风洞试验技术的国内外研究进展，对进一步研究进行了展望。     

钢网面板加筋土挡墙动力特性试验的变形研究

基于泥质红砂岩粗粒土填料，采用MTS分别模拟地震荷载、交通荷载、加-卸载多循环荷载进行大尺寸模型试验，研究了钢网面板土工格栅加筋土挡墙在上述荷载作用下的动力特性，获得了不同峰值的水平地震激励下模型挡墙不同位置的水平动位移、竖向动位移峰值响应等实测值；采用不同频率、不同幅值的竖向交通荷载正交试验法，获得了该模型挡墙在重复荷载作用下的最大水平变形、最大沉降量及位置等动力特性参数值；通过7种荷载、21组加卸载循环试验，获得了加一卸载多循环荷载作用下的实测沉降值。试验结果表明：该加筋结构具有整体变形的特性，是优良的抗震结构，能承受抗震设防烈度为9度的地震荷载；同时该加筋结构具有良好的稳定性和抗破坏性，重复荷载的幅值和振动次数对结构动力变形特性的影响较大，而振动频率对变形特性的影响不显著；多循环荷载作用下该加筋结构能够明显减小不均匀沉降。过长的筋材并不能明显地改善加筋土挡墙的动力特性。     

暗挖车站跨既有隧道施工技术

针对洞桩法暗挖车站跨既有隧道施工项目,通过增加施工通道,采用门式钢架加固等创新、改良工艺,解决了施工工序转换的难题,节约工程成本,降低施工风险。     

Enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller for active suspension systems

A grey prediction fuzzy controller (GPFC) was proposed to control an active suspension system and evaluate its control performance. The GPFC employed the grey prediction algorithm to predict the position output error of the sprung mass and the error change as input variables of the traditional fuzzy controller (TFC) in controlling the suspension system to suppress the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass for improving the ride comfort of the TFC used; however, the TFC or GPFC was employed to control the suspension system, resulting in a large tire deflection so that the road-holding ability in the vehicle becomes worse than with the original passive control strategy. To overcome the problem, this work developed an enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller (EGPFC) that not only had the original GPFC property but also introduced the tire dynamic effect into the controller design, also using the grey prediction algorithm to predict the next tire deflection error and the error change as input variables of another TFC, to control the suspension system for enhancing the road-holding capability of the vehicle. The EGPFC has better control performances in suppressing the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass to improve the ride quality and in reducing the tire deflection to enhance the road-holding ability of the vehicle, than both TFC and GPFC, as confirmed by experimental results.     

下穿铁路框架桥纵横梁加固体系的改进和应用

顶进框架桥的线路加固系统的安全性及稳定性决定了桥涵顶进施工的顺利与否,特别是在地下水位高、软土地区进行此类施工时,路基塌方成为了重大危险源。结合金钟路下穿北环铁路框架桥工程,介绍了大纵梁线路加固体系,施工实践证明此加固体系提高了该类地区顶进框架桥施工的安全系数。     

象山港大桥辅助通航孔通航净空尺度和技术要求论证

通过平面二维潮流数学模型和规范公式计算,对象山港大桥建设后桥区水流变化和海床演变及大桥辅助通航孔通航净空尺度进行了分析论证,结果表明:在象山港大桥主通航孔南北两侧各设2个辅助通航孔,通航1 000 t级及以下船舶,3个设计方案的通航净空尺度和水流条件均满足通航要求,通航航线可沿袭工程前的习惯航法。     

客车空气弹簧悬架分析与研究

对空气弹簧悬架的发展进行了阐述,同时分析了空气弹簧悬架组成、结构、计算方法及空气弹簧悬架的关键技术.     

Parameters optimisation of a vehicle suspension system using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm

The purpose of this paper is to determine the lumped suspension parameters that minimise a multi-objective function in a vehicle model under different standard PSD road profiles. This optimisation tries to meet the rms vertical acceleration weighted limits for human sensitivity curves from ISO 2631 [ISO-2631: guide for evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. Europe; 1997] at the driver's seat, the road holding capability and the suspension working space. The vehicle is modelled in the frequency domain using eight degrees of freedom under a random road profile. The particle swarm optimisation and sequential quadratic programming algorithms are used to obtain the suspension optimal parameters in different road profile and vehicle velocity conditions. A sensitivity analysis is performed using the obtained results and, in Class G road profile, the seat damping has the major influence on the minimisation of the multi-objective function. The influence of vehicle parameters in vibration attenuation is analysed and it is concluded that the front suspension stiffness should be less stiff than the rear ones when the driver's seat relative position is located forward the centre of gravity of the car body. Graphs and tables for the behaviour of suspension parameters related to road classes, used algorithms and velocities are presented to illustrate the results. In Class A road profile it was possible to find optimal parameters within the boundaries of the design variables that resulted in acceptable values for the comfort, road holding and suspension working space.