远场大转角时水下典型目标回波建模与成像

为了解决当水下目标位于声呐远场且转动角度较大时,运用距离-多普勒算法成像存在的图像模糊难题,基于物理声学方法建立了此时水下典型目标的回波信号模型,运用极坐标格式算法对目标进行成像,讨论了不同的插值算法对成像效果的影响,实现了刚性有限长圆柱体和椭球目标成像.仿真结果表明成像效果良好,有效克服了散射点越分辨单元走动的影响.     

沙漠公路路基边坡的稳定性分析

有关对填料为均质时和考虑路面材料及路基压实度分区时的沙漠公路路基边坡的稳定性分析,以及相关实体工程计算结果表明,与按均质填料情况相比,考虑路基上部及面层性质时的路基边坡安全系数略有增大,且填方高度越大其差异越小,其中边坡的坡率和填料的实际内摩擦角是边坡稳定性的主要影响因素,而填方高度的影响较小。     

楔形截面悬臂钢梁楔形倾角变化对钢梁临界荷载的影响研究

利用有限元软件ANSYS对多组楔形截面悬臂钢梁进行模拟,分析楔形倾角的变化对钢梁临界荷载的影响．对于楔形变截面构件稳定性理论的发展具有理论意义,也可为该类型结构的稳定性研究提供比较合理的参考。     

Optimisation of active suspension control inputs for improved vehicle handling performance

Active suspension is commonly considered under the framework of vertical vehicle dynamics control aimed at improvements in ride comfort. This paper uses a collocation-type control variable optimisation tool to investigate to which extent the fully active suspension (FAS) application can be broaden to the task of vehicle handling/cornering control. The optimisation approach is firstly applied to solely FAS actuator configurations and three types of double lane-change manoeuvres. The obtained optimisation results are used to gain insights into different control mechanisms that are used by FAS to improve the handling performance in terms of path following error reduction. For the same manoeuvres the FAS performance is compared with the performance of different active steering and active differential actuators. The optimisation study is finally extended to combined FAS and active front- and/or rear-steering configurations to investigate if they can use their complementary control authorities (over the vertical and lateral vehicle dynamics, respectively) to further improve the handling performance.     

Vehicle dynamics control by using a three-dimensional stabilizer pendulum system

Active safety systems of a vehicle normally work well on tyre–road interactions, however, these systems deteriorate in performance on low-friction road conditions. To combat this effect, an innovative idea for the yaw moment and roll dynamic control is presented in this paper. This idea was inspired by the chase and run dynamics animals like cheetahs in the nature; cheetahs have the ability to swerve while running at very high speeds. A cheetah controls its dynamics by rotating its long tail. A three-dimensional stabilizer pendulum system (3D-SPS) resembles the rotational motion of the tail of a cheetah to improve the stability and safety of a vehicle. The idea has been developed in a stand-alone 3D stabilizer pendulum system as well as in an integrated control system, which consists of an ordinary differential braking direct yaw control (DYC) and active steering control that is assisted by the 3D-SPS. The performance of the proposed 3D-SPS has been evaluated over a wide range of handling manoeuvres by using a comprehensive numerical simulation. The results show the advantage of 3D-SPS over conventional control approaches, which are ineffective on low-friction road conditions and high lateral acceleration manoeuvres. It should however be noted that the best vehicle dynamics performance is obtained when an integrated 3D-SPS and DYC and AFS is utilised.     

A non-Hertzian method for solving wheel–rail normal contact problem taking into account the effect of yaw

A novel approach is proposed in this paper to deal with non-Hertzian normal contact in wheel–rail interface, extending the widely used Kik–Piotrowski method. The new approach is able to consider the effect of the yaw angle of the wheelset against the rail on the shape of the contact patch and on pressure distribution. Furthermore, the method considers the variation of profile curvature across the contact patch, enhancing the correspondence to CONTACT for highly non-Hertzian contact conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed method can provide more accurate estimation than the original algorithm compared to Kalker’s CONTACT, and that the influence of yaw on the contact results is significant under certain circumstances.     

喷水推进进口流道倾斜角对其效率影响分析

喷水推进进口流道特征参数较多,各参数之间相互联系,当改变其中某个特征参数时,其他参数也会发生改变。本文通过推导得出各特征参数之间的关系,并以此为基础,在给定进口流道特征直径 D、流道高度H、流道总长度L的条件下,以流道倾斜角为变量,开展进口流道的设计和建模,借助 CFD技术研究进口流道效率与流道倾斜角之间关系。研究结果表明,在一定范围内进口流道效率会随着流道倾斜角的增加而降低,但是下降幅度不大。这一重要结论对进口流道结构与水动力权衡设计有较强的指导意义。     

基于全船建模的航速对船首外飘砰击影响研究

建立二维楔形体入水模型,验证入水砰击仿真方法可靠性,对集装箱船体进行全船体建模,导入船体运动参数,增加船体的纵摇运动,采用一般耦合算法(General coupling),流体域用Euler单元模拟,船体设为刚体,划分为Lagrange有限元网格,对船体进行入水仿真.对比不同工况下的结果表明:全船模拟时船型纵向斜升角会发生变化,导致航速对船首入水砰击压力的影响较大,随着航速的增加,入水砰击压力变大,同时航速还会使砰击压力峰值位置发生变化.     

基于仿真的操舵系统故障风险分析方法

操舵系统的故障风险分析需求迫切,但传统基于经验的安全性分析技术在历史故障数据匮乏的情况下作用有限。为此,提出一种基于仿真的操舵系统故障风险分析方法。基于AMESim建立操舵系统的虚拟样机,并对其进行校核与验证以确保其可信性。进行典型故障模式的植入与仿真实验以获取故障仿真数据,并与Simulink进行运行场景的动力学联合仿真,根据仿真结果体现的安全风险对故障模式进行分类。以某型潜航器操舵系统为案例验证了所提出方法的有效性,该方法可为操舵系统及其他大型复杂机电液控制系统的故障风险分析提供参考。     

汽车线控转向技术的现状与发展趋势

随着汽车工业与电子工业的不断发展,越来越多的线控类技术正在取代汽车传统的机械装置。汽车线控转向系统由于取消了转向盘和转向轮之间的机械连接装置,彻底摆脱了传统转向系统所固有的弊端,便于和其他系统集成、统一协调控制。描述了线控转向系统的转向盘系统、电子控制系统和转向系统等组成,介绍了线控转向系统的工作原理和主要特点,阐述了线控转向系统的关键技术在于传感器技术、总线技术、动力电源、容错控制技术等,总结了线控转向技术今后良好的应用前景,展望了其研究发展趋势。