���ٹ�·��ƽ�и�·��ͨ���ֵ�����Ӱ�����ط���

在公路可行性研究或项目评估时，同一通道内高速公路与平行辅路交通量分担比例在交通量预测中非常重要，本文以交通运输的基本机理和追求的目标为分析的出发点，系统的分析了交通运输行为主体和公路属性的各方面对该比例的影响，包括地区的经济水平、不同车型的差异性、高速公路与平行辅路的里程差、等级和路况的对比、通道的交通饱和程度、收费水平等因素，这些因素的分析对实践中该比例的确定具有较强的指导意义。     

A method to find correlations between steering feel and vehicle handling properties using a moving base driving simulator

There have been several investigations to find out how drivers experience a change in vehicle-handling behaviour. However, the hypothesis that there is a correlation between what the driver perceives and vehicle- handling properties remains to be verified. To define what people feel, the human feeling of steering systems was divided into dimensions of perception. Then 28 test drivers rated different steering system characteristics of a semi-trailer tractor combination in a moving base-driving simulator. Characteristics of the steering system differed in friction, damping, inertia and stiffness. The same steering system characteristics were also tested in accordance with international standards of vehicle-handling tests resulting in characteristic quantities. The instrumental measurements and the non-instrumental ratings were analysed with respect to correlation between each other with the help of regression analysis and neural networks. Results show that there are correlations between measurements and ratings. Moreover, it is shown that which one of the handling variables influence the different dimensions of the steering feel.     

一种汽车制动解除慢的成因分析

根据制动力系数和滑动率理论曲线,推理出其逆向过程,分析了一种制动解除慢的形成原因和影响因素,为整车开发设计提供了依据。     

在线自整定PID船舶自动舵的设计与实现

介绍了常规PID自动舵参数整定的困难,简述了继电型自整定PID控制的基本原理及PLC实现的基本方法,提出了基于PLC的在线自整定PID船舶自动舵的设计和实现方案,该自整定PID自动舵能够自动适应船况和海况的变化,实现PID参数无扰动切换、变增益调节、抗积分饱和、微分先行等功能,克服了常规PID舵机振荡等缺陷。实船应用表明,该自整定PID船舶自动舵的有效性。     

Handling stability improvement through robust active front steering and active differential control

The design of the integrated active front steering and active differential control for handling improvement of road vehicles is undertaken. The controller design algorithm is based on the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities that guarantee robustness against a number of vehicle parameters such as speed, cornering and braking stiffnesses. Vehicle plane dynamics are first expressed in the generic linear parameter-varying form, where the above-stated parameters are treated as interval uncertainties. Then, static-state feedback controllers ensuring robust performance against changing road conditions are designed. In a first series of simulations, the performance of the integrated controller is evaluated for a fishhook manoeuvre for different values of road adhesion coefficient. Then, the controller is tested for an emergency braking manoeuvre executed on a split-μ road. In all cases, it is shown that static-state feedback controllers designed by the proposed method can achieve remarkable road handling performance compared with uncontrolled vehicles.     

Innovalt改性沥青添加剂在沥青路面中的应用研究

为了更好地引进国外新材料，通过研究Innovalt E200和SBS两种改性剂在不同型号沥青中的最佳添加比例，确定了Innovalt E200改性剂在沥青中的最佳添加用量，同时以AC-16C型沥青混凝土为例，研究Innovalt E200改性沥青混凝土的各项性能指标，并与普通沥青混凝土和SBS沥青混凝土性能指标对比，说明Innovalt E200改性沥青混凝土具有技术性能好、经济效益明显的优点，为Innovalt E200改性剂的推广使用提供了科学依据。     

铁路客运专线C50双掺耐久性预应力混凝土配合比设计

通过对不同配合比混凝土各项技术指标试验结果进行对比分析,成功配制C50双掺耐久性预应力混凝土,改善了混凝土拌和物性能和工作性能。     

The critical hitch angle for jackknife avoidance during slow backing up of vehicle–trailer systems

We set out to answer the question: At what hitch angle does it become impossible for a vehicle and trailer to continue to backing up without getting into a jackknife? Jackknifing during backing up of trailers occurs when the hitch angle increases to a point such that the vehicle and trailer fold together about the hitch point like a jackknife. If the backward motion is continued, the jackknife effect progressively worsens, until the vehicle and trailer are in physical contact with each other. Jackknifing can result in traffic disruptions and wasted time, and can potentially cause damage or personal injury. Our goal is to analytically determine the ‘critical hitch angle’ (θ_cr), the hitch angle threshold beyond which a continued reverse motion causes an inescapable jackknifing. In this paper, we provide a formal definition of θ_cr for slow backing up of vehicle–trailer systems on a level solid surface, beyond which the vehicle must stop backing up and revert to forward motion in order to escape from jackknifing. The critical hitch angle is sub-categorised into Absolute (θ_cr, a) and Directional (θ_cr, d) critical hitch angles depending on the operating constraints and vehicle steering objectives. One solution for θ_cr is posed as a numerical solution to the steady-state conditions of the dynamic equations. The effects of such hitch angle limitations are demonstrated through simulation. Also, a warning system making use of the θ_cr is proposed. Such warning systems can assist drivers in avoiding jackknifing while backing up a vehicle–trailer system.     

车辆电动助力转向自动化控制系统过流保护功能设计

为防止电机过流工作对电动助力转向(EPS)系统造成损坏,采用包络曲线的方式设计了一种新型EPS系统过流控制方法。分析了EPS系统过流工作的危害及原因,介绍了新型EPS系统的结构、过流保护策略和过流保护功能软件设计。该系统可有效防止控制系统电流持续过高对系统的破坏作用,且在过流保护控制程序执行阶段有效减小了对驾驶员的不良干扰。     

燃烧法测定沥青含量的影响因素分析

本文对采用美国国家沥青技术中心（NCAT）燃烧炉法测定沥青混合料中沥青含量的几种影响因素进行试验分析,从而使室内试验结果更趋合理和准确。