铁路隧道钻爆法机械化修建设计关键技术北大核心CSCD

隧道钻爆法机械化修建方法是以全工序高效率大型机械配套为基础,用以解决复杂山区长大山岭隧道安全、优质、高效及经济等施工问题的一种技术方法。文章从隧道设计角度论述了钻爆法机械化修建面临的掌子面安全控制与洞身段变形控制两大关键挑战,并总结了以机械化全断面全地质型施工技术、掌子面稳定性评价方法、掌子面超前主动支护技术、掌子面超前支护“定量化”精准设计技术、低预应力锚杆主动支护技术、早高强喷混凝土主动支护技术、初期支护快速成环封闭技术、围岩形变压力计算方法等为核心的隧道钻爆法机械化修建设计关键技术,为推广应用隧道钻爆法机械化修建方法提供技术支撑。     

基于自稳式钢支撑基坑支护结构的基坑开挖研究

建筑基坑开挖对周边地表及建筑物影响较大,且其稳定性难以控制。为此,本文提出基于自稳式钢支撑基坑支护结构的建筑基坑开挖方法。以某地铁车站基坑工程为研究对象,采用自稳式钢支撑基坑支护结构——双排围护桩与双排注浆钢管支撑相结合的支护模式,并布设针对建筑物、钢支撑和地表观测点,实时监测基坑开挖后邻近区域地表及建筑物沉降情况。结果表明:三个钢支撑极限承载力均达到1100 kN;采用自稳式钢支撑基坑支护结构邻近建筑物测点地表下沉幅度较小;基坑开挖对周边区域地表沉降影响存在时空效应,在地下水位较高条件下距离较近的周边建筑物受基坑开挖影响沉降显著。     

Personalised feedback and eco-driving: An explorative study

Conventional road transport has negative impact on the environment. Stimulating eco-driving through feedback to the driver about his/her energy conservation performance has the potential to reduce CO₂ emissions and promote fuel cost savings. Not all drivers respond well to the same type of feedback. Research has shown that different drivers are attracted to different types of information and feedback. The goal of this paper is to explore which different driver segments with specific psychographic characteristics can be distinguished, how these characteristics can be used in the development of an ecodriving support system and whether tailoring eco-driving feedback technology to these different driver segments will lead to increased acceptance and thus effectiveness of the eco feedback technology. The driver segments are based on the value orientation theory and learning orientation theory. Different possibilities for feedback were tested in an exploratory study in a driving simulator. An explorative study was selected since the choice of the display (how and when the information is presented) may have a strong impact on the results. This makes testing of the selected driver segments very difficult. The results of the study nevertheless suggest that adapting the display to a driver segment showed an increase in acceptance in certain cases. The results showed small differences for ratings on acceptation, ease of use, favouritism and a lower general rating between matched (e.g., learning display with learning oriented drivers) and mismatched displays (e.g., learning display with performance oriented drivers). Using a display that gives historical feedback and incorporates learning elements suggested a non-verifiable increase in acceptance for learning oriented drivers. However historical feedback and learning elements may be less effective for performance oriented drivers, who may need comparative feedback and game elements to improve energy conserving driving behaviour.     

电动助力转向系统在大中型客车上的应用

针对大中型客车液压助力转向系统存在的问题,介绍电动助力转向(EPS)系统的工作原理及优点,提出一种适用于大中型客车的EPS方案。     

道/隧上下交叉段隧道支护分析和加固探讨

研究目的:本文主要针对郴宁公路万华岩右幅隧道(在建)浅埋段受地表水泥厂石灰石长胶带输送廊道交叉跨越施工影响,研究分析在初期支护条件下隧道掌子面发生早期坍塌的原因,后期状况下通过钢架支护试验类比和支撑近似分析两种方法得到冒顶最终发生的原因;从经济技术和风险方面对后期隧道加固方案进行探讨;最后针对隐藏风险,提出合理避险,减少损失。研究结论:对于上下近临(接)施工,必须遵照有关建设程序报批;同期施工双方在本文情况下,应遵循先下后上、先重后轻的施工顺序;对初期支护状态下的濒临冒顶的全～强风化围岩、大跨浅埋隧道应优先采用地表注浆方案,以确保人员安全和方案最终实施。     

轮胎吊高架滑触线供电系统安全技术应用

实施"油改电"以后,轮胎吊高架滑触线供电系统在实际使用暴露了一些问题。为此,进行了改进。揭示了原供电系统的问题及原因。从5个方面采取了安全措施。有效提高了轮胎吊高架滑触线供电系统的安全性。     

基于GIS的舰船技术保障信息管理系统设计

针对海军舰船技术保障信息化建设的特点和要求,利用GIS技术、网络数据库技术和计算机多媒体技术设计,开发出基于GIS的舰船技术保障信息管理系统,实现技术保障信息管理的系统化、数字化。     

分段式前置转向梯形机构的优化

在引入汽车转向轮定位角的基础上,建立了空间转向梯形机构的优化数学模型,采用混合惩罚函数方法进行了优化编程,优化结果表明比原设计更接近理论值。     

操舵系统有关问题分析处理办法

操舵系统是保证船舶操纵性的重要系统,关系到船舶及船员、旅客、货物等生命和财产的安全,无论是设计、加工、安装还是检验,都必须引起高度的重视,结合操舵系统问题实例,介绍分析方法和改进措施。     

模糊支持向量机在船舶柴油机故障诊断中的应用

探讨了支持向量机（SVM）的机理，并通过计算每一个样本的模糊隶属度，引入了模糊支持向量机（FSVM）的概念，解决了SVM中的不可分区域问题；应用FSVM对船舶电站主柴油机进行故障诊断，研究了FSVM参数的选择方法。仿真结果表明，FSVM具有较好的诊断效果和较强的抵抗噪声的能力。