漯河市泰山路沙河大桥病害成因及加固

该文以漯河市泰山路沙河大桥为例,针对中承式拱桥在运营十多年后,出现的各类病害进行分析,及加固处理。     

限界检测车在南京地铁10号线贯通测量中的运用

对限界检测车原理、工作方式等进行了介绍,并结合南京地铁10号线的工期、线路长度、冷热滑时间安排等因素,首次把限界检测车引入到了南京地铁限界检测中,实现了对整个南京地铁10号线全线区间及城西路停车场的快速、准确检测,使南京地铁10号线在通车之后未发生一起电客车擦碰事件,保证了运营安全。     

高速铁路钢轨电力牵引回流集中监测探讨

通过对当前中国高速铁路电力牵引供电方式的介绍,引申出集中监测和分析高速铁路钢轨电力牵引回流的重要意义,提出了高速铁路钢轨电力牵引回流集中监测的方法,为保障高铁运营安全提供了重要的安全保障手段。     

马耳他共和国马尔萨什洛克港防波堤工程

马耳他共和国马尔萨什洛克港防波堤工程为当年我国水运工程实践规模最大、技术最复杂的工程.最大水深一28m,设计最大波高10m,最大沉箱7000t,最重块体20t.文章由十余万字的工程总结缩编而成,内容以施工为主,主要介绍在极端困难条件下,如何千方百计完成艰巨的施工任务.     

东莞水道大桥施工加载程序设计

东莞水道大桥是东莞五环路西环段上的一座特大桥,主桥采用三孔50 m+280 m+50 m的中承式钢管混凝土系杆拱桥。该文重点介绍该桥主桥施工加载程序设计。     

马耳他共和国马尔萨什洛克港防波堤工程

马耳他共和国马尔萨什洛克港防波堤工程为当年我国水运工程实践规模最大、技术最复杂的工程.最大水深-28 m,设计最大波高10m,最大沉箱7000t,最重块体20t.文章由十余万字的工程总结缩编而成,内容以施工为主,主要介绍在极端困难条件下,如何千方百计完成艰巨的施工任务.     

下承式简支钢管混凝土拱桥剪滞效应分析

以大理河下承式简支钢管混凝土拱桥为背景,采用大型通用有限元计算软件Ansys建立全桥空间模型,沿全桥纵向取了7个典型断面,分析其在不同设计荷载工况下,T梁顶板的剪力滞效应,得出各典型截面上T梁顶板的剪力滞系数沿全桥横向、纵向的分布规律.指出跨中截面剪力滞后现象严重,剪力滞系数高达1.82;不同工况下其余截面的剪力滞效应较小;偏载作用下T梁顶板的剪力滞效应较对称荷载作用小.计算结果可为同类大桥设计提供参考.     

弹性通舱管件设计研究

为减少振动能量沿管路的传播,设计了海水管路和一般管路的弹性通舱管件.对这两型弹性通舱管件制订了技术参数,进行了多种方案对比分析后,各确定了两种方案.然后根据实船使用状况对这两型方案采用有限元法进行了静力分析、密性分析和隔振性能分析,还进行了疲劳试验.结果表明:对于通舱管件,在过流件和安装件之间嵌入减振橡胶这样一种设计形式,有效地降低了管路系统振动噪声由通舱管件向舱壁和船体的传递;并能在保障该产品功能和安全性的同时,满足所确定的各项性能参数和声隐身性能等技术要求.该弹性通舱管件可靠性高、减振性能好,并且满足上船安装和使用的相关要求.     

山区公路穿村镇路段过境车辆事故严重程度推理分析

为获取道路线形、驾驶员属性、车辆类型、事故形态等因素对山区公路穿村镇路段过境车辆事故严重程度的影响机制。本文基于元双公路(元谋—牟定)2012—2017年事故数据,利用社会网络分析法从人、车、路、环境等方面筛选出15个影响因素;基于机器学习方法构建贝叶斯网络模型;以事故严重程度为决策变量,分析不同证据变量与驾驶员行为共同作用的推理结果。结果表明：不安全驾驶行为与危险事故因素的共同作用,将会增加事故严重程度;当涉及货车时,由于未保持安全距离,伤人事故率增加8.2%;在弯坡组合路段,由于驾驶员判断失误,伤人事故率增加 19.6%;阴雨天行驶时,由于驾驶员判断失误,伤人事故率增加5.4%;由于操作不当,发生侧翻事故时,伤人事故概率增加3.1%。     

Transport and society1

In 1963, the Buchanan Report in the UK advocated a combination of new road capacity, improved public transport and traffic restraint as a means to tackle congestion. Forty years on, and the advice from many transport experts remains the same. However, the scale and complexity of the problems associated with a mobility‐dependent society have grown. The need for politicians to make tough but realistic policy decisions on transport is now becoming unavoidable. They must confront the realities of living with the car as must the general public. Policymakers now also have social well‐being and sustainable development moving higher on their agendas alongside transport. Against such a backdrop, the paper makes the case for transport research, policy and practice to acknowledge more fully the inherent links between transport and society. It argues that greater recognition and understanding of such links is crucial to confronting the present realities. Transport does not merely serve society: it shapes society, as in turn society shapes transport. The future of each is dependent on the other, and this fact must be recognized. The paper advocates in turn that the transport profession must move from its heartlands in engineering and economics also to embrace more fully such disciplines as sociology and psychology. A factual picture of the many facets of present‐day society is presented and the implications for travel demand are discussed. Through considering phenomena such as social norms and habitual behaviour, it is then argued that the travel choices and behaviour of individuals are not simply a matter of economic optimization. This points to the need for decision‐makers to be furnished with better evidence about the transport problems faced and the potential efficacy of measures that might be taken. Discussion of public attitudes and the role of the media are included in the context of assessing how politicians can be encouraged and supported in their implementation of realistic but unpopular policies. Evidence and experience within the paper are UK based, although many of the issues and arguments apply world wide.