公路桥梁装配式上部构造施工应注意的若干问题

桥梁装配式上部构造是公路桥梁上部结构经常采用的结构形式,结合设计,提出了装配式桥梁上部构造施工时应注意的若干问题,对该类桥梁施工有一定的指导意义。     

基于神经网络的路口交通流转向比预测

为了预测路口交通信号控制所需的转向交通流量,提出了基于改进BP(back-propagation)神经网络的路口交通流转向比预测模型,给出了相应参数的计算方法;采用自适应学习率和动量梯度下降法以提高神经网络的学习速度和算法的可靠性,并用调查数据对模型进行了检验.研究结果表明,与传统的平均值法相比,用所提出的模型,平均绝对相对误差减小约1%~3%.     

双垂直线路桥大型箱梁运输施工技术

为满足施工需要,根据现场实际情况对两种施工方案进行比对分析,选择了小半径大角度转弯运输箱梁的方案。通过对传统轮胎式运梁小车改进,特制出五轴轮胎式运梁小车。采用该运梁小车成功解决了大吨位大跨度大型箱梁在小转弯半径上实现大角度转弯的技术难题。结果表明,特制五轴轮胎式运梁小车是解决狭小施工场地内大角度运梁的有效方法。     

基于AASHTO规范的混凝土桥梁上部结构设计

在美国公路桥梁设计规范“AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2017-8th Edition”的基础上,采用美国本土桥梁设计软件CSI Bridge,从强度极限状态、使用极限状态、疲劳极限状态等方面介绍了混凝土桥梁上部结构的设计验算.     

水毁重建漫水桥设计探讨

介绍某山区桥梁水毁情况，分析其水毁原因，总结经验教训，提出了漫水桥结构设计要点，作为类似桥梁结构设计的参考。     

Performance evaluation of the inside intersection median-turn lane markings on the mobility and safety performance of signalized intersections in the Philippines and Japan

Signalized intersections are one of the key elements that play a vital role at road networks. The efficiency and safety levels of intersections can affect the operational performance of the whole system. In general, turning traffic, especially median-turning, has always been considered as the most problematic movement in the operation of intersections. This becomes more critical with high turning demand where exclusive turning lanes (single or double) can be assigned to provide larger capacities for these movements and to reduce conflicts with through traffic. However, improper treatment of median-turn lanes could create cross-maneuvering behavior which may limit the expected increase in capacity and create safety issues. Median-turning lane markings are commonly provided at intersections in Japan to guide drivers while turning which is expected to reduce the conflicts among turning traffic. Meanwhile, in the Philippines, exclusive median-turn lanes are installed at intersections without proper treatment which may contribute to the low mobility and safety levels. Therefore, this study evaluated the impact of inside intersection lane markings on the operation of median-turn lanes in terms of mobility and safety. The vehicle maneuver, speed and interactions between the turning traffic were utilized as essential components for the assessment. The empirical analysis shows that conflicting trajectories were present on double turn lanes without median-turn lane markings in the Philippines, which resulted to serious conflicts among the turning vehicles and negatively influenced the turning speed and saturation flow rate of the turn lanes. On the other hand, the turn lane markings in Japan, provided a positive impact to mobility and safety of the turning lanes. Moreover, it was also found that the geometric characteristics and traffic signal phasing scheme highly affects the capacity and safety condition of signalized intersections.     

波流联合作用下多分枝拖曳线列阵回转过程的动力学分析

参考某海洋地震多分枝拖曳线列阵具体参数和该拖船的海浪响应幅值算子(RAO),结合该船工作时的具体过程,利用大型水动力分析软件Orca Flex建立了多分枝线列阵回转过程时的动力学分析简化模型,实现了对多分枝拖曳线列阵在回转过程中的动力学分析,得到了波流联合作用下,各个拖缆的张力和曲率沿缆长方向的变化规律及各个缆索拖曳点End A和拖曳缆索拖曳尾端End B的张力值在时域上的变化图像。结合计算结果,给出了多分枝拖曳线列阵在回转过程中的优化设计方案。     

透空式上部结构开孔沉箱前沿波压力试验分析

通过不规则波物理模型试验,在前人对开孔沉箱波浪力研究的基础上进一步研究了透空式上部结构开孔沉箱前沿的波浪力。分析了结构前沿的波压力分布规律并与现有的波压力计算公式进行对比,发现透空式上部结构面板和底部沉箱结构前沿波压力的计算可通过合田良实公式进行修正,而上部结构纵梁所受的相对点压强值往往较大,因此单独对纵梁上的相对波压强进行分析,给出了计算相对波压强值的经验公式。     

复合材料在国外海军舰船上层建筑上的应用与发展

近年来,复合材料在海军舰船上层建筑上的应用引发了各国的关注和激烈的竞争。本文对复合材料在各国海军舰船上层建筑上的应用、发展和特点进行深入研究总结,并以美国DDG 1000驱逐舰为例,详细介绍舰船上层建筑中复合材料的应用情况,最后对舰船上层建筑用复合材料的发展进行展望。     

郑州市中心区铁路跨线桥上部结构施工方案比选与实施

郑州市中心区铁路跨线桥为(106+248+106)m双塔单索面跨线斜拉桥,其上部结构跨越货运铁路、客运铁路、站场专用线等多条铁路。针对该桥结构特点和施工难点,将跨线桥主梁分为A、B、C区:A区位于斜拉桥的两端,远离铁路限界,采用支架法现浇;C区为主跨中央139m范围,位于铁路专用线上方,采用挂篮悬浇施工;B区为桥塔两侧的对称区段,直接跨越铁路运营线,通过比选,2号塔B区主梁采用挂篮悬浇方案,3号塔B区主梁采用转体方案。施工中在铁路上方设置铁路防护屏蔽网,采用宽幅全封闭挂篮技术解决了铁路上方施工净空有限的难题,将转体分次进行,压缩单次"天窗点"时间,减少了施工对既有铁路运营的干扰和影响。