大型综合体深基坑分期开挖关键技术

我国正处于城市建设的大力发展时期,在城市建设进程中,通过推进城市地下空间的综合开发利用,将为城市带来巨大的经济效益。光谷广场地下综合体在建设过程中,针对大型综合深基坑支护稳定、地表建筑物结构安全、既有枢纽交通不中断、复杂地下管线迁改、市区施工环保达标等问题,提出并应用了基坑开挖可视化交底、围护桩干法灌注、多层深基坑不平衡支护、围护结构爆破拆除等多项关键技术,显著减少了大型基坑工程开挖对周边建筑物的影响及对周边交通的影响(不中断交通),实现了各类管线的顺利迁改,为以后城市地下交通枢纽综合体设计及施工积累了丰富经验,为今后城市地下立体多元化交通建设发展奠定了基础,为城市地下空间开发提供了实践依据。     

基于聚类站点客流公共特征的轨道交通车站精细分类

已有城市轨道交通车站分类多基于定性分析，不能满足精细化设计和运营的需要。本文提出一种基于聚类站点公共特征的站点精细分类方法。首先，将来源于AFC(Automatic Fare Collection)的进站客流量数据处理为时间序列数据，并基于K-Means++算法对各个站点的客流量进行聚类；其次，建立客流量聚类结果与土地利用特征多维参数的拟合方程，计算获得居住密集型、工作就业型以及区域中心型等5种大类站点的客流量公共特征。在此基础上，充分考虑属于同一大类站点不同站点的细分特性，使用5类客流量公共特征比重组合精细描述具体站点类型。 实例结果表明，使用本文提出的精细分类方法计算得到的每个站的客流量拟合值与真实客流值间的平均绝对百分比误差控制在14%以内，说明该分类方法具有可行性。     

深海变径声阵缆布放回收装置研究

本文提出了基于深海工作站运搭载的变径缆海底布放回收方式，介绍了变径缆海底布放回收装置的主要工作原理和结构组成，完成了布放回收装置主要部套件的设计计算以及和电液控制系统的设计及计算。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

福州东(樟林)车辆段工艺设计实践与创新

随着铁路建设的发展,福建省境内货车保有量大幅度增长,货车检修任务量增加迅速。樟林编组站位于福州枢纽,具备良好的扣车条件,在此新建1处货车车辆段将解决整个福建省货车的定期检修工作,而且能保障列车的运行安全,节约运输成本以及货车周转时间。福州东车辆段出入段线下穿既有温福铁路,有利于行车组织、运营安全。总图因地制宜全创新提出存车线(预检预修)与修车库贯通布置方案。充分梳理预检预修与架落车工艺,提出独立设置预检预修设施。论述抛丸除锈设备独立设置、转向架单臂悬挂检修流水线等修车库与联合车库创新设计,福州东(樟林)车辆段设计实现了创新理念和工程实际的协调统一。     

无砟轨道板精调车结构可靠性分析及优化

为提高无砟轨道板精调车结构的设计水平,考虑精调车荷载、几何尺寸和材料弹性模量等设计变量的随机性,对精调车结构进行可靠性分析、可靠性灵敏度分析和可靠性优化。首先,分析并得到精调车结构在串联失效模式下的结构功能函数;然后,运用响应面法和重要抽样方法,分析得到基于确定性优化的精调车结构的失效概率和可靠性灵敏度结果。最后,根据可靠性灵敏度分析结果,对该结构进行可靠性优化。分析精调车结构在可靠性优化前后的差异,结果表明,与确定性优化结果相比,可靠性优化使精调车结构自重增加了3.55%,但可靠度提高为0.999 999 987 7,说明设计变量的随机性对结构性能的干扰大幅减小。     

Online channel strategies under different offline channel power structures for the Belt and Road of China

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures.     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的山区低等级公路路面破损评价方法

以山区低等级公路路面为研究对象,依据不同种类路面的破损危害性不同,拟在公路路面评价中提出路面破损指数概念,对山区低等级公路路面破损程度进行综合评价。所用模型是利用层次分析法(AHP)对不同种类的路面损毁危害性进行赋权,并利用逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)计算山区低等级公路路面破损程度与最优情况的贴近度,进而将山区低等级公路路面破损情况转化成区间为[0,1]的路面破损指数,其中路面破损指数越大表示路面的破损程度越高。此模型方法简单,能够运用少量数据对山区低等级公路路面的破损程度进行定量评价,可为山区公路的养护工作提供更准确的数据参照。     

船舶碰撞后的处理

从船舶碰撞责任的基础知识出发，结合运实务，指出了碰撞发生后的处理程序，对船长及船东在发生此类海事后的处理方法提供了参考，有一定的指导意义。     

公路工程监理与国际惯例的差距探讨

通过对我国公路工程监理和国际惯例的比较，指出了我国公路工程监理机制与国际惯例的差距，并提出了解决问题的建议。