多椭球反射镜近光灯具设计方法研究

提出一种椭球汽车近光灯具的设计方法,分析投射式前照灯光束的结构,总结出多椭球反射镜近光灯系统主要零件及其相互位置的设计要点,归纳出多椭球反射镜近光灯具的设计流程。     

雷达隐身技术在水面舰艇上的应用

由于探测水面舰艇的雷达性能不断提升,严重威胁了水面舰艇的生存能力,世界各军事大国正在研究如何将雷达隐身技术应用于水面舰艇。通过文献调研和动态跟踪发现,水面舰艇主要面临4类雷达探测威胁,而未经过隐身设计的舰艇的雷达散射截面很大。舰艇经过隐身设计后,在作战中能缩短敌方雷达探测距离,降低敌方目标识别能力,有效增强干扰效果,具有很强的战术意义。目前,水面舰艇主要通过精确的外形设计和隐身材料2种技术途径实现雷达隐身。     

带不确定动态的欠驱动水面船舶鲁棒自适应路径跟踪控制(英文)

A robust adaptive control strategy was developed to force an underactuated surface vessel to follow a reference path,despite the presence of uncertain parameters and unstructured uncertainties including exogenous disturbances and measurement noise.The reference path can be a curve or a straight line.The proposed controller was designed by using Lyapunov’s direct method and sliding mode control and backstepping techniques.Because the sway axis of the vessel was not directly actuated,two sliding surfaces were introduced,the first one in terms of the surge motion tracking errors and the second one for the yaw motion tracking errors.The adaptive control law guaranteed the uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking errors.Numerical simulation results were provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated surface vessels.     

基于矢量曲面积分反演模型的舰船磁场延拓方法

舰船磁场的矢量曲面积分法是磁场延拓的一种高效方法,在只能测量舰船平面磁场时,首先由平面磁场反演得到等效包络面磁场,进而利用曲面积分法延拓得到目标平面磁场.该方法较之磁体模拟法等更加方便有效.船模实验验证了该方法的有效性,具有较高的换算精度,为舰船近场磁场的换算提供了一种新的思路.     

硬化混凝土表面气泡的形成机理及解决方法

混凝土表面气泡,影响混凝土外观质量,同时可能涉及到结构的强度以及结构的耐久性。在结合工程实例,全面论述和分析了混凝土表面气泡产生和形成的机理,并提出了减少和抑制混凝土表面气泡的方法。     

连续配筋砼基层沥青面层复合式路面结构沥青层应力分析研究

本文从理论上分析了连续配筋砼基层沥青面层复合式路面的沥青面层的最大拉应力和最大剪应力的分布情况,同时分析了各参数对最大拉应力和最大剪应力的影响,从而对连续配筋砼基层沥青面层复合式路面结的沥青面层混合料类型及路用性能提出了有益的建议。     

广州市地面塌陷特征与防治对策初步研究

广州市地面塌陷频繁发生,近20年来呈波浪式上升趋势,分析和探讨地面塌陷形成类型、分布特征、诱发因素,并提出预防地面塌陷的措施与对策。     

兰渝铁路胡麻岭隧道第三系含水粉细砂岩地表降水试验研究

兰渝铁路胡麻岭隧道7号竖井工区通过的第三系含水弱胶结粉细砂岩具有异常复杂的水稳性特征,掌子面自稳性差,施工进度极其缓慢,采用洞内降水措施,效果很难保证,施工风险大。根据地形地质条件,对胡麻岭隧道7号竖井工区开展地表降水试验研究,对试验成果进行计算分析,了解和掌握该第三系含水砂岩的水文地质特性,确定地表降水井的设计参数。通过对降水前后围岩、施工进度的比较,验证了降水井的设计合理。     

砂性地层地铁暗挖施工地表沉降预测方法

通过对地层沉降机理和地表沉降空间分布形态的分析,对Peck公式进行了修正,把隧道中轴线处地表沉降z中和地表沉降槽的宽度系数i都拓展成y的函数,得到了适用于砂性地层地铁暗挖施工开挖进程的三维空间地表沉降预测方法。根据沈阳地铁实际工程地表沉降实测值反推出预测公式中z中(y)和i(y)的具体形式及其他系数值,并对不同断面横向地表沉降计算值和实测值进行对比分析,结果证明该预测方法可应用于工程实践。     

Concentration of floating biogenic material in convergence zones

Some organisms that live just below the sea surface (the neuston) are known more as a matter of curiosity than as critical players in biogeochemical cycles. The hypothesis of this work is that their existence implies that they receive some food from an upward flux of organic matter. The behaviour of these organisms and of the associated organic matter, hereafter mentioned as floating biogenic material (FBM) is explored using a global physical–biogeochemical coupled model, in which its generation is fixed to 1% of primary production, and decay rate is of the order of 1 month. The model shows that the distribution of FBM should depart rapidly from that of primary production, and be more sensitive to circulation patterns than to the distribution of primary production. It is trapped in convergence areas, where it reaches concentrations larger by a factor 10 than in divergences, thus enhancing and inverting the contrast between high and low primary productivity areas. Attention is called on the need to better understand the biogeochemical processes in the first meter of the ocean, as they may impact the distribution of food for fishes, as well as the conditions for air–sea exchange and for the interpretation of sea color.