轮机资源管理中情景意识对安全的影响

文章在概述轮机资源管理基本概念的基础上,结合轮机案例分析阐述情景意识对轮机安全的重要影响,并提出维持良好情景意识是预防和控制事故发生的有效措施。     

沥青路面裂缝产生的原因及预防措施

分析了沥青路面裂缝的形成原因,提出了裂缝的预防措施。     

Arterial travel time estimation based on vehicle re-identification using wireless magnetic sensors

A practical system is described for the real-time estimation of travel time across an arterial segment with multiple intersections. The system relies on matching vehicle signatures from wireless sensors. The sensors provide a noisy magnetic signature of a vehicle and the precise time when it crosses the sensors. A match (re-identification) of signatures at two locations gives the corresponding travel time of the vehicle. The travel times for all matched vehicles yield the travel time distribution. Matching results can be processed to provide other important arterial performance measures including capacity, volume/capacity ratio, queue lengths, and number of vehicles in the link. The matching algorithm is based on a statistical model of the signatures. The statistical model itself is estimated from the data, and does not require measurement of ‘ground truth’. The procedure does not require measurements of signal settings; in fact, signal settings can be inferred from the matched vehicle results. The procedure is tested on a 1.5 km (0.9 mile)-long segment of San Pablo Avenue in Albany, CA, under different traffic conditions. The segment is divided into three links: one link spans four intersections, and two links each span one intersection.     

Factors affecting mortality of vertebrates on the roads in the Czech Republic

This paper summarizes the results of monitoring animals killed by vehicles on selected roads in the Czech Republic as well as the circumstances of these accidents. Relationships between species of road-killed animals and factors associated with these accidents were evaluated, such as type of road and traffic density, distance from the built-up area, state of vegetation around the road, terrain topology with regard to the road, and the impact of the month/season.     

泥岩填筑路基病害分析及防治措施

文章基于泥岩的特性及工程特点,分析了泥岩用于路基填料易发生的病害,并提出了相应的泥岩填筑路基病害防治措施。     

旧石拱桥检测及加固探讨

文章以某山区公路石拱桥为例,通过外观检测及荷载试验,评估分析了该桥的病害情况及使用性能,并基于此提出了针对性的加固处理措施。     

杜家沟K156＋000～K156＋100段滑坡治理方法

文章以谷竹高速公路杜家沟K156＋000～K156＋100段滑坡治理工程为例,分析了该段路堑边坡滑坡的主要成因,阐述了滑坡治理的过程与方法,并提出了相应的注意事项,对类似工程具有借鉴意义。     

Not bored yet - Revisiting respondent fatigue in stated choice experiments

Stated choice surveys are used extensively in the study of choice behaviour across many different areas of research, notably in transport. One of their main characteristics in comparison with most types of revealed preference (RP) surveys is the ability to capture behaviour by the same respondent under varying choice scenarios. While this ability to capture multiple choices is generally seen as an advantage, there is a certain amount of unease about survey length. The precise definition about what constitutes a large number of choice tasks however varies across disciplines, and it is not uncommon to see surveys with up to twenty tasks per respondent in some areas. The argument against this practice has always been one of reducing respondent engagement, which could be interpreted as a result of fatigue or boredom, with frequent reference to the findings of Bradley and Daly (1994) who showed a significant drop in utility scale, i.e. an increase in error, as a respondent moved from one choice experiment to the next, an effect they related to respondent fatigue. While the work by Bradley and Daly has become a standard reference in this context, it should be recognised that not only was the fatigue part of the work based on a single dataset, but the state-of-the-art and the state-of-practice in stated choice survey design and implementation has moved on significantly since their study. In this paper, we review other literature and present a more comprehensive study investigating evidence of respondent fatigue across a larger number of different surveys. Using a comprehensive testing framework employing both Logit and mixed Logit structures, we provide strong evidence that the concerns about fatigue in the literature are possibly overstated, with no clear decreasing trend in scale across choice tasks in any of our studies. For the data sets tested, we find that accommodating any scale heterogeneity has little or no impact on substantive model results, that the role of constants generally decreases as the survey progresses, and that there is evidence of significant attribute level (as opposed to scale) heterogeneity across choice tasks.     

浅析高速公路枢纽互通设计与施工注意要点

从高速公路枢纽互通的定义着手,对高速公路枢纽互通设计与施工组织应注意的问题加以介绍,有助于提出解决问题的初步建议。