中等城市出租车保有量适量性研究

为了中等城市公交系统的协调发展、居民出行的便利,论证交通方式分担与城市出租车保有量的关系,分别对选择对象、选择结果、固有哑元、出行时间等参数进行分析,并且给出模型的计算方法与参数检验方法;结合空载率的计算公式进行补充论证。研究结果表明:该方法既可以对目前城市所需要的出租车保有量进行测算,也可以对规划年份出租车保有量进行预测,对保证城市出租车的有序与提供良好服务之间的协调发展提供理论依据。     

适应低碳城市需求的出租车调度问题研究

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,城市出租车、小汽车日益增多,城市交通温室气体增多。通过分析出租车现行的巡游运营方式,指出该方式不适应低碳城市需求,而应选择出租车调度运营方式。参考国外经验,提出出租车调度运营问题的解决方案以及该方案所涉及的主要技术,并进一步分析方案实施后的预期效果。     

电话叫车业务中的乘客信用缺失及其对策

对电话叫车业务中的信用缺失问题进行了界定,简要分析了造成乘客信用缺失的原因,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

非正规出租车存在下的出租车合理规模研究

现有的出租车合理规模是根据出租车分担率计算得出的,但分担率在调查过程中受抽样比 例、调查方式等因素的影响而存在较大误差,而且现有的出租车规模计算模型均未考虑非正规出 租车分担了部分客运需求的事实,导致规模计算结果普遍偏低。为减少计算偏差,采用全数调查 的方法,并结合出租车计价器的原始数据,直接测定出租车的日均载客人次、运营次数及单次载 客人数等指标,提出在出租车有效行驶里程计算模型中不再考虑出租车分担率指标;基于非正规 出租车客观存在而引入了非正规出租车承运比例指标,建立基于供需平衡的现时出租车合理保有 量计算修正模型。最后通过实证分析验证了修正后的模型是合理和实用的,有利于抑制非正规出 租车非法营运和城市出租车行业的健康发展。     

城市轨道交通售票服务系统寿命周期费用浅析

寿命周期费用管理理念能对项目所有支付的费用进行比较全面的分析,为政府和企业节约大笔资金,因而被广泛地应用于军事、能源和大型基础设施等诸多领域.城市轨道交通系统是资金密集型的工程项目,为了提高经济效益和降低运营费用,通过对售票服务系统费用的分析,希望能在我国城市轨道交通行业中树立起寿命周期费用理念,使它更好地为城市轨道交通事业服务.     

城市出租车行驶里程与排放特性相关性的试验研究

应用美国Sensors公司生产的SEMTECH-DS车载排放测试仪,通过双怠速法、ASM稳态工况法及道路工况法对同一品牌不同行驶里程的城市出租车进行了排放特性的研究,比较了不同测试方法对排放测试结果的影响,并分析了车辆行驶里程与排放特性的关系。结果表明,双怠速工况下排放污染物超标的行驶里程与ASM工况基本相似;道路工况对汽车污染物排放影响显著;3种测试方法下的HC排放污染物均随行驶里程的增加而升高。     

Where to dispose of urban green waste? Transportation planning for the maintenance of public green spaces

Urban green spaces provide various social and environmental benefits that strongly improve the quality of life in a city. Municipalities are responsible for maintaining their green spaces in order to preserve these potentials. This paper supports municipalities in planning the transportation and disposal logistics of the green waste that is produced by the maintenance activities. The approach combines ecological issues like the seasonality of green waste generation and different types of biomass with economically driven decision making. We show how to determine cost efficient transportation plans for the disposal logistics and how to capture the seasonality of green waste generation when booking capacities at disposal facilities. It is also shown how a municipality can select the disposal facilities to cooperate with in a competitive environment where facilities offer capacities at differing conditions, as is the case for disposal sites that dump the green waste and for conversion plants that use the biomass for producing renewable energy. We illustrate the approach using case data of a major city in Germany.     

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同时考虑社会利益和个人利益，选取公交系统(包括常规公交和出租车)出行者占用道路总面积、广义出行费用、拥挤度为指标建立多目标函数模型，求得出租车出行占公交系统出行的比例，根据公交系统出行总比例最终确定全方式出行结构中出租车出行方式分担率．实例分析证明该方法所需数据量少、可操作性强，宏观政策及其微观影响在预测过程中互为反馈，该方法既可用于确定出租车出行方式分担率，又可为交通政策决策者提供理论依据．     

Finding time‐robust fuel‐efficient paths for a call‐taxi in a stochastic city road network

Intra‐city commuting is being revolutionized by call‐taxi services in many developing countries such as India. A customer requests a taxi via phone, and it arrives at the right time and at the right location for the pick‐up. This mode of intra‐city travel has become one of the most reliable and convenient modes of transportation for customers traveling for business and non‐business purposes. The increased number of vehicles on city roads and raising fuel costs has prompted a new type of transportation logistics problem of finding a fuel‐efficient and quickest path for a call‐taxi through a city road network, where the travel times are stochastic. The stochastic travel time of the road network is induced by obstacles such as the traffic signals and intersections. The delay and additional fuel consumption at each of these obstacles are calculated that are later imputed to the total travel time and fuel consumption of a path. A Monte‐Carlo simulation‐based approach is proposed to identify unique fuel‐efficient paths between two locations in a city road network where each obstacle has a delay distribution. A multi‐criteria score is then assigned to each unique path based on the probability that the path is fuel efficient, the average travel time of the path and the coefficient of variation of the travel times of the path. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于TDM的出租车供需调控方案研究

交通需求管理（TDM）是能从根本上解决城市交通问题的策略,具有现实的意义。针对成都市出租车供需现状,运用系统的思想对各供需调控方案进行评价比选,分析交通需求管理的必要性并提出针对出租车的交通需求管理的具体措施,可为解决出租车的供需矛盾提供参考。