孕妇血清铜值与胎盘功能的关系

用火焰原子吸收法测定了孕28～40周正常孕妇83例,孕37～40周重度妊娠高血压综合征及41周以上妊娠妇女42例的血清铜值,并与同期尿E/C比值及新生儿Apgar评分相比较,结果提示:孕妇血清铜值在40周前随孕周的增长而增高。41周以上妊娠,重度妊高征血清铜值偏低。当尿E/C比值<10及Apgar评分≤7分时,孕妇血清铜值低,提示孕晚期母亲血清铜值可作为判断胎盘功能的辅助指标。     

测定游离甲状腺素指数观察甲功状态与乳腺癌的关系

我们测定了327例30岁以上健康妇女的FT_4I值,测定了124例(30岁以上女性)乳腺良性肿瘤患者和乳腺癌患者的FT_4I值。从我们测定的结果来看,FT_4I值的变化同年令有关,年令愈高,FT_4I愈低。将乳腺良性肿瘤患者的FT_4I值同乳腺癌患者的FT_4I值相比较,我们认为乳腺癌患者FT_4I值(40岁以上年令组)显示偏低倾向。     

单纯性肥胖儿童免疫功能的研究

使用流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）对１２名单纯性肥胖症儿童及２０名正常儿童进行了９项淋巴细胞亚群检测对比，结果发现肥胖症儿童ＣＤ３＋细胞、ＣＤ４＋细胞及ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋之比明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＣＤ１９＋细胞、ＣＤ５６＋细胞、ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋细胞均出现有意义的升高；ＣＤ８＋细胞、ＣＤ２５＋细胞、ＣＤ５７＋细胞虽较正常儿童有所升高，但经统计学处理无明显差异。检测结果表明：单纯性肥胖儿童的免疫功能有较明显紊乱。提示肥胖症儿童的脂肪酸摄取过剩对免疫功能有一定损害。     

牵引定数不统一的港口后方腹地车流组织优化

线路区段牵引定数不统一是影响列车编组计划制定的重要因素,导致了列车在部分区段欠轴运行,在换重站或技术站进行补减轴作业.本文重点论述了减重方向列车编组方案的优化问题,提出了按充分条件将各种方案归类的方法,从而减少方案成本的对比次数,能快速获得最优的运送方案.在方案成本构成的分析过程中,充分考虑了各影响因素,将牵引机车费用看作与里程相关的可变成本,将欠轴列车浪费的机车和线路能力转化为惩罚费用,并考虑列车开行频率对方案费用的影响,最后从全网络的角度建立减重方向减轴列车编组优化模型.该模型既可获得合理的减重站,又能依据车流量关系选择优化的减轴编组方式,实例验证了模型的有效性.     

铁路客专信号产品灌封技术的研究

比较各种灌封材料的优缺点，研究在铁路客专信号产品生产中应用硅树脂凝胶灌封的关键工艺，包括PCBA表面清洁、温度控制、配方管理和控制、抽真空、灌封有效期管理和固化过程管理等，特别提出灌封有效期管理的新观点，并进行实践和总结。     

中心城区主干路改造的设计要点探讨

中心城区主干路一般建成时间较早,随着城市化进程的加快和社会经济的发展,现状市政交通、管线已不能满足沿线用户的需求;路面出现不同程度损坏,影响了行车的安全性和舒适性;沿线各类城市市政设施缺乏统一性和规范性,严重影响了道路交通和城市周边形象,制约了城市形象的提升和进一步发展.针对中心城区主干路改造的设计要点,从道路功能定位、纵断面控制、路面材料、轨道交通协调与管理、现有乔木的处理等方面进行阐述.     

An easy procedure to determine Magic Formula parameters: a comparative study between the starting value optimization technique and the IMMa optimization algorithm

In 2004, a new searching algorithm for Magic Formula tyre model parameters was presented. Now, a summary of the results, for pure and combined slip, that this algorithm is able to achieve is presented. The Magic Formula tyre model needs a set of parameters to describe the tyre properties. The determination of these parameters is dealt with in this article. A new method, called IMMa Optimization Algorithm (IOA), based on genetic techniques, is used to determine these parameters. Here, we show the computational cost that has been used to obtain the optimum parameters of every characteristic of the Magic Formula tyre model, called Delft Tyre 96. The main advantages of the method are its simplicity of implementation and its fast convergence to optimal solution, with no need of deep knowledge of the searching space. Hence, to start the search, it is not necessary to know a set of starting values of the Magic Formula parameters (null sensitivity to starting values). The search can be started with a randomly generated set of parameters between [0, 1]. Nowadays, MF-Tool, an application developed by TNO, uses an optimization technique to fit Magic Formula parameters from Matlab toolbox [van Oosten, J.J.M. and Bakker, E., 1993, {Determination of magic tyre model parameters}. Vehicle System Dynamics, 21, 19–29; van Oosten, J.J.M., Savi, C., Augustin, M., Bouhet, O., Sommer, J. and Colinot, J.P., 1999, {Time, tire, measurements, forces and moments, a new standard for steady state cornering tyre testing}. EAEC Conference, Barcelona, 30 June–2 July.]. We refer to that algorithm as the starting value optimization technique. The comparison between the optimization technique employed by TNO and the proposed IOA method is discussed in this article. In order to give a relative idea of adjustment accuracy, the sum-squared error and the mean-squared error, from the curves of the tyre model with the parameters optimized by both applications compared with test data are evaluated.     

镀锌钢带恒速卷绕的计算机控制

提出了采用计算机控制实现镀锌钢带以恒定速度卷绕的技术方法.要达到整个卷绕过程中绕线速度恒定,关键是以正确的算法计算,逐字减少D/A转换控制字的时间间隔.     

Flexible long range planning using low cost information

Contemporary transport planning requires a flexible modelling approach which can be used to monitor the implementation of a long term plan checking regularly its short term performance with easily available data; the original model is periodically updated using low cost information and this allows the evaluation of the changes to the plan which may be required. Such an approach requires models suited to regular updating and to the use of data from different sources. Models to update trip matrices from traffic counts have been available for some time; however, the estimation and/or updating of other model stages with low cost data has escaped analytical treatment. The paper discusses this idea and formulates the updating problem for an example involving a joint destination/mode choice model under various assumptions about the nature of the available data. Analytical solutions are proposed as well as some general conclusions.requests for offprints