基于ANFIS的环境激励下桥梁结构应变响应预测分析

为准确预测复杂环境荷载作用下混凝土连续梁桥结构应变响应,基于结构健康监测系统长期实测数据,分析桥梁结构温度场变化规律,进而基于主成分分析及自适应神经网络模糊推理系统,建立桥梁结构温度场与桥梁结构应变响应的复杂非线性关系。首先,利用小波分解技术分离环境荷载及车辆荷载作用下的桥梁结构实测应变响应;然后利用平行坐标轴,分析混凝土连续梁桥结构温度场变化规律,并利用主成分分析提取结构温度场实测温度数据主成分;最后基于自适应神经网络模糊推理系统,以应变测点处温度数据、桥梁结构温度场实测温度数据主成分和采样时间点数据为输入数据,分别建立不同输入变量组合与应变响应的复杂非线性关系,并对比分析不同工况下结构应变响应的预测精度。结果表明：桥梁结构各测点处实测温度数据变化趋势基本一致,同侧测点实测温度数据高度相关,但桥梁结构上、下表面测点温度变化存在明显差异,仅考虑应变测点处温度变化,难以准确预测桥梁结构应变响应;当考虑桥梁结构温度场变化时,能更精确地建立温度与应变响应之间的关系模型,进而基于实测温度数据准确预测桥梁结构应变响应;当缺乏结构温度场实测温度数据时,将采样时间点作为反映桥梁结构温度场变化规律的参数,可取得较好效果。     

新疆天山公路道路翻浆温度场的数值模拟分析

温度差异是高原冻土地区公路路基发生翻浆的一个重要因子。通过建立的冻土路基温度场的控制方程,建立计算物理模型和数值模拟计算模型,首先模拟气候因素变化过程,得到不同时期冻土路基温度场分布,温度场随季节的变化反映了路基冻结锋面的迁移,从而分析了关键点的温度差异。提出了将换填部分冻结土与阻断水分迁移路径的抗浆结构相结合的综合防治技术设想,这对进一步研究路基翻浆的治理技术有重要的理论意义.     

纯电动汽车动力电池系统的低温性能研究

以搭载三元锂电池的纯电动汽车为研究对象,对某纯电动汽车动力电池系统的低温性能进行试验研究,结果表明:续驶里程在-10℃时相比25℃时下降46%,电池荷电量为30%,-10℃时的峰值放电功率比25℃时衰减了51%,电池容量衰减11.6%。为低温环境下纯电动汽车的性能研究提供一定的依据。     

边坡稳定性模糊随机可靠度分析

考虑可靠性分析中结构极限状态变量在零值附近的模糊区间,建立边坡稳定性模糊随机可靠度分析模型。研究了在土性参数变异性、模糊失效概率隶属度函数梯形与岭形分布类型情况下,模糊区间宽率与偏度对模糊可靠指标的影响。分析结果显示:偏度与可靠性指标曲线的斜率随宽率的减小而减小,且其趋势与参数变异性与模糊失效概率隶属度函数类型无关;对于宽率的某一确定值而言,偏度的增大会导致模糊可靠指标的降低;土性参数变异性的增加会导致模糊可靠指标的降低。     

Sasowam及Sasobit改性沥青及温拌混合料温度性能对比试验研究

通过室内试验,对比分析了Sasowam及Sasobit两种改性剂对沥青的改性效果,并通过温拌混合料试验,研究了两种改性剂对混合料高温性能和低温性能的影响。     

沥青路面力学响应的季节性变化研究

为使对路面结构的分析和设计更加符合实际情况,需要考虑季节性的变化．针对某一柔性基层沥青路面结构进行分析,通过室内试验确定了各层沥青混合料的动态模量主曲线和时间温度换算因子,并确定了路面结构内温度场和动态模量的分布和变化,进而计算了路面结构关键响应随时间的变化情况．分析了路表弯沉、沥青层底拉应变和土基顶面压应变季节性波动情况,并在满足工程精度要求下,确定了响应的关键位置.     

高精度石英挠性加速度测量装置的结构设计与研究

加速度测量设备是现代水下航行器操纵控制系统中不可缺少的关键器件之一,其性能的好坏在整个系统中起着关键性的作用.本文首先介绍了石英挠性加速度测量装置的工作原理,然后针对磁场和温度变化影响石英挠性加速度计标度因数和零偏的稳定性问题,提出屏蔽结构设计和温度控制结构设计优化方案,并对优化效果进行预估计算.结果表明,经结构优化后加速度测量装置的测量精度明显提升.     

西部原油管道输量与能耗分析

为降低西部原油管道管输能耗,通过计算管道在不同季节、不同流量下的摩阻损耗,结合管道参数和输油泵特性曲线,分析得出影响输油生产单位能耗的因素包括管输流量和输油温度。进一步计算得出了不同流量和不同季节对应的输油生产单耗。结果表明,流量对输油生产单耗影响较大,西部原油管道管输流量在1 000~1 400 m~3/h区间时生产单耗相对较低;流量大于1 600 m3/h时,生产单耗随流量上升接近线性增长。而输油温度对生产单耗的影响较小,同一流量下冬季生产单耗略高于夏季生产单耗。     

船舶机舱火灾中回燃现象的数值计算与分析

采用大涡模拟(LES)技术,对某双机双桨船舶机舱火灾进行封舱灭火过程中所出现的回燃现象进行了数值模拟.结合舱内温度研究了该过程中回燃现象产生的原因及过程,并对热量释放率、辐射量、热对流及温度场分布进行了分析,同时对回燃现象的危害性进行了说明.通过结果详细分析了从经验层次上所无法观察到的回燃现象所产生的影响,也为船舶机舱火灾的评估、船舶设计、防火规范的修订及灭火策略提供了重要参考.     

Seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological processes during 1994–2001 in the Sea of Japan/East Sea: A three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical modeling study

A Pacific basin-wide physical–biogeochemical model has been used to investigate the seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological fields with analyses focusing on the Sea of Japan/East Sea (JES). The physical model is based on the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS), and the biogeochemical model is based on the Carbon, Si(OH)₄, Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model. The coupled ROMS–CoSiNE model is forced with the daily air–sea fluxes derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis for the period of 1994 to 2001, and the model results are used to evaluate climate impact on nutrient transport in Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) and phytoplankton spring bloom dynamics in the JES.The model reproduces several key features of sea surface temperature (SST) and surface currents, which are consistent with the previous modeling and observational results in the JES. The calculated volume transports through the three major straits show that the Korea Strait (KS) dominates the inflow to the JES with 2.46 Sv annually, and the Tsugaru Strait (TS) and the Soya Strait (SS) are major outflows with 1.85 Sv and 0.64 Sv, respectively. Domain-averaged phytoplankton biomass in the JES reaches its spring peak 1.8 mmol N m^− 3 in May and shows a relatively weak autumn increase in November. Strong summer stratification and intense consumption of nitrate by phytoplankton during the spring result in very low nitrate concentration at the upper layer, which limits phytoplankton growth in the JES during the summer. On the other hand, the higher grazer abundance likely contributes to the strong suppression of phytoplankton biomass after the spring bloom in the JES. The model results show strong interannual variability of SST, nutrients, and phytoplankton biomass with sudden changes in 1998, which correspond to large-scale changes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Regional comparisons of interannual variations in springtime were made for the southern and northern JES. Variations of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass related to the PDO warm/cold phase changes were detected in both the southern and northern JES, and there were regional differences with respect to the mechanisms and timing. During the warm PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD increased in the south and decreased in the north in winter. Conversely, during the cold PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD decreased in the south and increased in the north. Wind divergence/convergence likely drives the differences in the southern and northern regions when northerly and northwesterly monsoon dominates in winter in the JES. Subjected to the nutrient change, the growth of phytoplankton biomass appears to be limited neither by nutrient nor by light consistently both in the southern and northern regions. Namely, the JES is at the transition zone of the lower trophic-level ecosystem between light-limited and nutrient-limited zones.