宁波南站上跨深基坑铁路便桥动态监测技术

宁波南站上跨深基坑铁路便桥结构形式为国内首创,在便桥下深基坑开挖的同时,须保证沿海铁路列车绝对安全平稳的通行,安全监测至关重要.本文根据该工程的现场实际和结构的特点,拟定了桥梁动态监测的具体实施方案、数据分析与处理模式,研究了该桥梁变形的规律,及时提供监测分析意见,为深基坑安全和信息化施工提供指导,为铁路便桥安全运营提供保障.对今后类似的桥梁施工动态监测有一定的借鉴意义.     

铁路客运专线大临用地复垦实施的实践与认识

铁路客运专线大临工程所需的占地面积比普通铁路相应大临工程的占地面积更大,土壤生态环境也因大临工程施工标准提升被影响的程度加大。如果这些大临用地在工程结束后得不到合理的整治,在破坏环境的同时,也浪费了宝贵的土地资源。而目前国内铁路大临用地复垦实施存在操作性不强的问题,针对这一矛盾,本文从铁路建设单位的管理角度探讨了铁路客运专线大临用地复垦实施过程中的基本管理思路,为大临用地复垦工作顺利实施进行了初步探索。     

赣州市赣南大道快速路（赣县段）总体设计

基于5M模型的安全分析方法不仅可以应用于轨道交通,也可以应用于日益复杂的整个城市道路交通系统安全分析、特别是针对道路交通环境、设施的建设与维护。     

Book review

Coastal Resource Use: Decisions on Puget Sound by Robert L. Bish, Robert Warren, Louis F. Weschler, James A. Crutchfield, and Peter Harrison.

Published by University of Washington Press in cooperation with Washington Sea Grant Program, 1975. 206 pp., 15 figs.     

Artificial Reefs as Restoration Tools: A Case Study on the West Florida Shelf

Artificial reefs are one of a number of tools that should be considered by scientists and managers when planning coastal zone restoration and/or mitigation projects. In this article, the details of one project from the West Florida Shelf are presented. Two types of artificial reefs were used to mitigate pipeline construction impacts on natural hardbottom ledges in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The project's primary objective was to avoid the paradigm of building artificial reefs as fish attraction devices, and to instead implement a design that would mimic, not augment, natural hardbottom conditions. Fish assemblage parameters (species richness and commercial fish abundances) were compared between the artificial habitats and natural hardbottom reference sites. Results indicate that species richness trends are similar among artificial and natural reefs, while certain commercial fish abundances are significantly higher on the artificial reefs. Recommendations for future restoration/mitigation projects using artificial reefs are discussed.     

Improving the State of Coastal Areas in the Asia-Pacific Region

Stresses impacting the coastal zone in the Asia-Pacific region are briefly reviewed under the headings of sustainable coastal activities, coastal ecosystem management, community/resource interactions, coastal resource economics and sustainability, coastal area planning, and integrated coastal policies. Recent contributions on mitigation of these stresses are introduced, with emphasis on the Coastal Zone Asia-Pacific Conference, held in Bangkok, May 2002, where various innovative approaches to research, education, information sharing, and coastal policies aiming at improving the state of the coastal areas were presented. These include the roles of community in integrated coastal management; tools and planning for management of coastal areas; education program and capacity building; and the establishments of national and regional frameworks for integrated coastal management. As appropriate information and its transfer are critical to these processes, an analysis is presented of the content of the database on coastal projects in the region, highlighting areas of research interests, funding sources, and achievements. Another database on coastal ecosystems, currently under development, is presented as an example of the type of resource that can be expected to help advance our knowledge and ability to improve the management of coastal areas. Overall, these tools should allow us, given the political will, to improve the state of coastal areas.     

珠机城际铁路公铁同层合建桥方案比选

珠机城际铁路金海特大桥跨磨刀门水道主通航孔跨径为3×340 m,采用公铁同层布置,结合桥址区建设条件,对桥型方案进行研究比选。从桥式上对比多塔斜拉桥方案与钢桁拱桥方案,由于设计基准风速大、台风频发、多主跨等因素,考虑经济性、施工难度及施工过程抗风稳定性,最终确定采用(58.5+116+3×340+116+58.5)m多塔斜拉桥方案。在此基础上,针对多塔斜拉桥,对桥塔中置和桥塔外包方案,从结构受力、施工、经济性、景观性等进行综合比选,最终推荐采用温度效应小及抗震性能好、施工工期短、经济性相当、景观效果好的桥塔中置方案。     

工业园道路改造工程的设计经验总结

通过简析滨海工业园区的道路特点,以具体工程实践为例,根据项目的实际情况和建设规模,来阐述工业园道路改造工程应该注意的设计要点和可采取的相应措施,如地下管线的合理布置和施工期交通组织的合理安排、路面结构基层的选择、施工期的污水临时排放措施、道路可识别性打造等措施,以便为类似工程提供可参考的设计经验.     

道岔区轮轨力转移与分配特性研究

道岔区复杂的轮轨接触状态决定了其轮轨力特性与一般线路相比存在较大的差异。利用空间轮轨接触几何关系理论和Hertz非线性弹性接触理论，研究道岔区车轮与同侧并列的2股钢轨同时接触的2点接触问题。依据2点接触时轮轨弹性压缩量计算每一接触点上的轮轨力，由此确定车辆侧向和直向通过时的轮轨2点接触范围以及轮轨力转移和分配特性。结果表明：2股钢轨上轮轨力转移和分配特性不仅与钢轨外形、轨顶高度和宽度有关，而且与车辆过岔方式有关；考虑轮轨2点接触后的计算方法，消除了单点接触轮轨力计算中轮轨接触点从一股钢轨转移到另一股钢轨上时引起的轮轨力突变，使得轮轨力变化更为平顺和真实。     

逆断层黏滑错动对跨断层隧道影响机制的模型试验研究

为指导隧道穿越活动断层时的抗错断设计,避免逆断层黏滑错动造成跨断层隧道结构的严重破坏,以棋盘石隧道为工程背 景,通过 1 ∶ 50 相似模型试验,研究逆断层黏滑错动所引起的山岭隧道破坏模式,分析隧道和地层变形过程及破坏特征,得到以下 结论: 1)逆断层错动在断层迹线附近地层形成剪切带,剪切带沿着断层线略微凸向试验装置上盘的弧线方向发展。2)断层错动对 试验装置上盘内隧道变形破坏的影响大于下盘,最大土压力和最大纵向应变主要分布在上盘隧道中; 土压力和纵向应变变化规律 相似,均随错动位移的增加而不断增加。3)隧道最终破坏为逆断层下的剪切破坏,局部伴随张拉破坏,剪切破坏主要表现为变形缝 两侧隧道衬砌脱落和纵向裂缝;断层错动对隧道影响区域主要集中在断层破碎带及附近2D(D 为隧道洞径)区域,尤其是试验装置 上盘部分,在跨断层隧道的设计阶段需引起足够重视。