客运专线综合接地系统方案研究

研究目的:本文提出了综合接地系统的总体要求、范围、贯通地线的规格等,为满足目前客运专线站前基础工程的施工需要具有深刻的现实意义。研究方法:客运专线综合接地系统是一项复杂的系统工程,本文通过对综合接地系统的必要性和可行性分析及方案研究,达到将各种接地有机、合理的结合起来,保证客运专线各系统、各设备之间实现等电位连接,减少不同设备、不同系统之间存在的电位差及可能造成的人身和设备的安全隐患。研究结论:为保证客运专线整个系统运行的安全可靠性,采用综合接地系统是可行的。     

浅谈沥青混凝土加铺层施工质量控制

文章结合国道322线全州-桂林段维修改造工程实例,阐述沥青混凝土加铺层施工过程中的质量控制措施,为类似工程施工提供参考。     

声波透射法在冲孔灌注桩质量检测中的应用研究

声波透射法是基桩质量检测中的常用方法之一,特别在大直径灌注桩的完整性检测中具有独特优势。本文对声波透射法的基本原理及检测方法进行了简要阐述,就如何获取声学参数及判定基桩完整性进行了分析,并结合工程实例加以分析和说明,对声波透射法检测技术的应用具有一定的参考价值。     

Strength analysis of fillet welds under longitudinal and transverse shear conditions

In support of the development of improved fillet weld sizing criteria for lightweight shipboard structures, a comprehensive static strength test program using longitudinal and transverse shear specimens according to AWS B4.0 Standards has been conducted. This test program covers base material with strength ranging from 71 ksi (490 MPa) to 96 ksi (660 MPa) and weld size ranging from 1/8″ (3 mm) to 3/8″ (10 mm). This paper focuses on a traction stress based analysis of the test data as an effort to establish a unified shear strength definition for load-carrying fillet weld specimens regardless of shear loading conditions. The proposed shear strength definition proves to be effective in correlating the fillet weld strength test data of the longitudinal and transverse shear specimens. The results of this investigation demonstrate that existing shear strength definitions used by various weld sizing criteria such as those given by Class Societies have two major limitations: (1) it cannot be related to a critical stress state on experimentally observed failure plane in transverse shear specimens; (2) it underestimates shear stress at failure due to severe stress concentration at weld end in typical longitudinal shear specimens. These two limitations have been shown to be the major cause for having two significantly different shear strength values: one is transverse shear strength obtained from transverse shear specimens and the other is longitudinal shear strength obtained from longitudinal shear specimens.     

Optimization of bus allocation to depots by minimizing dead kilometers

In metropolitan cities, public transportation service plays a vital role in mobility of people, and it has to introduce new routes more frequently due to the fast development of the city in terms of population growth and city size. Whenever there is introduction of new route or increase in frequency of buses, the non‐revenue kilometers covered by the buses increases as depot and route starting/ending points are at different places. This non‐revenue kilometers or dead kilometers depends on the distance between depot and route starting point/ending point. The dead kilometers not only results in revenue loss but also results in an increase in the operating cost because of the extra kilometers covered by buses. Reduction of dead kilometers is necessary for the economic growth of the public transportation system. Therefore, in this study, the attention is focused on minimizing dead kilometers by optimizing allocation of buses to depots depending upon the shortest distance between depot and route starting/ending points. We consider also depot capacity and time period of operation during allocation of buses to ensure parking safety and proper maintenance of buses. Mathematical model is developed considering the aforementioned parameters, which is a mixed integer program, and applied to Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) routes operating presently in order to obtain optimal bus allocation to depots. Database for dead kilometers of depots in BMTC for all the schedules are generated using the Form‐4 (trip sheet) of each schedule to analyze depot‐wise and division‐wise dead kilometers. This study also suggests alternative locations where depots can be located to reduce dead kilometers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

120km/h地铁列车受电弓肘接部裂纹分析与改进

针对120 km/h地铁列车在运营过程中多次出现受电弓上框架肘接部位裂纹的现象,分析其故障原因,提出采用管对管焊接处加入加强筋板的改进方案。通过力学分析以及实践运用,验证了改进方案的有效性。     

城市快速通道跨越铁路大型编组站桥梁方案比选研究

郑州市农业路快速通道工程上跨郑州北铁路编组站30余股道线及京广铁路,同时桥下既有道路下穿郑州北编组站。桥址处密布框架桥、公路桥,桥梁建设的可行性墩位少,施工方案影响桥梁方案。研究并选择合理的桥梁方案对本工程十分必要。通过对桥址处多个可行性墩位的研究,选择合理的施工方案和孔跨布置方案,进而确定4个桥梁方案,再从铁路安全、技术、工期、经济等方面对桥梁方案进行详细的分析比较,推荐合理的桥梁方案。比选结果表明:(126+200+126)m双塔斜拉桥为推荐桥梁方案,该桥梁方案的研究过程及方法可为同类型涉铁工程设计提供参考和借鉴。     

基于层次分析法的互通式立体交叉方案优化

互通式立交起着交通枢纽的作用，运用层次分析法，建立多级递阶结构模型，将复杂的决策过程层次化、数量化，解决多目标、多层次、多准则的决策问题，非常适合互通立交方案的优化。     

CZM in California: Successes and Challenges Ahead

California has a forty-year history of successful coastal zone management. The San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, the California Coastal Commission, and the State Coastal Conservancy have protected and made accessible hundreds of miles of shoreline. While each agency has played a critical role, this article focuses on the Coastal Commission. Implementing the California Coastal Act, the Coastal Commission has partnered with local government, other agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and the public to concentrate new development in already developed areas, and much of the rural coastal zone looks as it did in 1972. The Commission has protected and expanded public shoreline access through its regulatory actions. Using strong ecological science the Commission has protected a wide variety of sensitive habitats and wetlands. And under the authority of the Coastal Zone Management Act, the Commission has reviewed thousands of federal projects to assure that they are consistent with the Coastal Act. Challenges continue, though, including population growth, sea-level rise, and inadequate funding to update local coastal land use plans to address new issues, such as climate change adaptation. New investment is needed at the national, state, and local level to continue the success of the California program.     

大管桩沉桩过程中桩头破损原因及对策

预应力混凝土大直径管桩具有强度大、承载力强等性能,常应用于海洋与海岸工程的桩基结构。但是在沉桩施工过程中,常出现桩头破损的情况。结合工程实例介绍大管桩沉桩过程中出现桩头破损的原因及对策。