数控设备网络化管理系统的研究与实现

基于数控加工企业生产的工程背景,分析了当前数控加工效率难以提高的瓶颈问题,提出了一套基于产品结构及数控程序的审批流程,集成编辑、管理、传输等功能的完整的数控设备管理系统实现方案,并应用在数控加工企业的实际生产中.实践结果表明,该系统运行可靠,提高了生产效率.     

信号专业网络自学与考试系统的设计与应用

信号专业开放式网络自学与考试系统改变了职工教育的形式和方法.为信号工提高知识和技能提供了一个学习平台和一个全新的考核方式.     

传统辅助电机试验台的智能化改造

介绍了采用计算机和传感器技术,将传统的手工控制试验台改造为试验过程自动控制和数据自动采集、分析的智能试验台设计思路,并对实现过程进行了详细的阐述.     

基于统一过程原则的软件自动化测试研究

软件自动化测试以较高的效率,广泛的覆盖率,成为测试行业的主流.介绍统一过程(RUP)和自动化测试及手工测试,总结目前自动化测试过程中存在的主要问题.重点分析在RUP原则的指导下,如何解决这些问题,实现测试自动化,从而高效率地进行软件测试,促进软件自动化测试的发展.     

计算桥上无缝线路纵向附加力的后处理程序设计

根据桥上无缝线路梁轨相互作用原理,采用LM算法建立纵向力计算模型,运用面向对象的C++语言,在Visual C++编程平台上进行桥上无缝线路附加力计算的后处理程序设计,给出结果图形和数据的显示及输出等.     

A robust optimization approach for dynamic traffic signal control with emission considerations

We consider an analytical signal control problem on a signalized network whose traffic flow dynamic is described by the Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) model (Lighthill and Whitham, 1955; Richards, 1956). This problem explicitly addresses traffic-derived emissions as constraints or objectives. We seek to tackle this problem using a mixed integer mathematical programming approach. Such class of problems, which we call LWR-Emission (LWR-E), has been analyzed before to certain extent. Since mixed integer programs are practically efficient to solve in many cases (Bertsimas et al., 2011b), the mere fact of having integer variables is not the most significant challenge to solving LWR-E problems; rather, it is the presence of the potentially nonlinear and nonconvex emission-related constraints/objectives that render the program computationally expensive.To address this computational challenge, we proposed a novel reformulation of the LWR-E problem as a mixed integer linear program (MILP). This approach relies on the existence of a statistically valid macroscopic relationship between the aggregate emission rate and the vehicle occupancy on the same link. This relationship is approximated with certain functional forms and the associated uncertainties are handled explicitly using robust optimization (RO) techniques. The RO allows emissions-related constraints and/or objectives to be reformulated as linear forms under mild conditions. To further reduce the computational cost, we employ a link-based LWR model to describe traffic dynamics with the benefit of fewer (integer) variables and less potential traffic holding. The proposed MILP explicitly captures vehicle spillback, avoids traffic holding, and simultaneously minimizes travel delay and addresses emission-related concerns.     

面向SoC设计的程序特征分析技术研究

文章提出一种基于SUIF中间表示的程序特征分析方法，能够有效地分析提取控制流特征、计算特征、操作数特征等程序特征，为SoC设计提供重要参考信息。基于该方法构建的程序特征分析框架具有良好的扩展性和灵活性。     

Influence of driving patterns on vehicle emissions: A case study for Latin American cities

On-board real-time emission experiments were conducted on 78 light-duty vehicles in Bogota. Direct emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and hydrocarbons (HC) were measured. The relationship between such emissions and vehicle specific power (VSP) was established. The experimental matrix included both gasoline-powered and retrofit dual fuel (gasoline–natural gas) vehicles. The results confirm that VSP is an appropriate metric to obtain correlations between driving patterns and air pollutant emissions. Ninety-five percent of the time vehicles in Bogota operate in a VSP between −15.2 and 17.7 kW ton⁻¹, and 50% of the time they operate between −2.9 and 1.2 kW ton⁻¹, representing low engine-load and near-idling conditions, respectively. When engines are subjected to higher loads, pollutant emissions increase significantly. This demonstrates the relevance of reviewing smog check programs and command-and-control measures in Latin America, which are widely based on static (i.e., idling) emissions testing. The effect of different driving patterns on the city’s emissions inventory was determined using VSP and numerical simulations. For example, improving vehicle flow and reducing sudden and frequent accelerations could curb annual emissions in Bogota by up to 12% for CO₂, 13% for CO and HC, and 24% for NO_x. This also represents possible fuel consumption savings of between 35 and 85 million gallons per year and total potential economic benefits of up to 1400 million dollars per year.     

Modal analysis of real-time,real world vehicular exhaust emissions under heterogeneous traffic conditions

This study presents the characteristics of real world, real time, on-road vehicular exhaust emission namely, carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emitted under heterogeneous traffic conditions. Field experiments were performed on major category of vehicles in developing countries, i.e. two-wheelers, auto-rickshaws, cars and buses. The on-board monitoring was carried out on different corridors with varying road geometry. Results revealed that the driving cycle was dependent on the road geometry, with two lane mixed flow corridor having lot of short term events compared to that of arterial road. Vehicular emissions during idling and cruising were generally low compared to emissions during acceleration. It was also found that emissions were significantly dependent on short term events such as rapid acceleration and braking during a trip. Also, the standard emission models like COPERT and CMEM under predicted the real world emissions by 30–200% depending upon different driving modes. The on-road emissions measurements were able to capture the emission characteristics during the micro events of real world driving scenarios which were not represented by standard vehicle emission measured at laboratory conditions.     

高压旋喷桩防渗墙钻孔注水和压水试验检测对比研究

为保证土石围堰的渗流稳定性和减少渗水量,需要在堰体内施工防渗墙。高压旋喷桩由于施工速度快、成本低而在围堰防渗结构中广泛应用。采用钻孔压水和钻孔注水试验对高压旋喷桩防渗性进行检测,分析钻孔压水、钻孔常水头注水和钻孔降水头注水试验检测高压旋喷桩防渗墙渗透系数的试验原理和计算方法。在现场检测中选取若干根整体性较好的高压旋喷桩,在同一钻孔取芯孔内分别进行压水、常水头注水和降水头注水试验。通过对3种试验方法的渗透系数结果对比分析发现,在桩体通长整体性较好的情况下,三者得到的渗透系数比较接近,分段压水试验得出的渗透系数比通长注水试验的结果稍大,但没有量级上的差异。在桩体某段存在缺陷漏水点的情况下,分段压水试验能够发现桩体漏水点,通长注水试验可能难以准确发现桩体漏水部位,当取芯发现桩体不均匀时要避免采用通长注水试验。