A consideration of the structural design of a large-scale floating structure

The land area of Japan, especially flat land, is very small compared with its economic size. Large-scale floating structures are one solution to satisfy the demand for space by utilizing the ocean. This paper presents a general view of the dynamic response characteristics of large-scale floating structures, pontoons and semi-submersibles. For example, it is shown that the natural frequencies of eigenmodes are higher than the natural frequency of heaving motion. The response of the outer framework of a structure is shown to be generally larger than the response of the central part. Within the limits of our present understanding of the general dynamic response characteristics of such structures, the design and analysis of semi-submersible, large-scale floating structures is discussed. For a pontoon-type large-scale floating structure, a type whose perimeter structure has been modified to become lighter and more rigid is proposed. With this modification, the dynamic response of the whole structure is imporved.     

集装箱船振动及响应分析

介绍了模态频率响应有限元计算方法的基本理论,以多用途集装箱船为目标船,通过建立全船三维有限元模型,用频率响应法得到船体结构的振动响应.文中还讨论了激励与响应关系、水动质量、阻尼、频率响应计算有效频率数选取等问题,以精确预报船体结构振动及响应.本文采用的分析计算方法对目标船结构振动及响应预报值,与实船试验数据具有很好的一致性.     

轨道结构落轴冲击动态响应有限元分析

通过确定落轴冲击问题的轮轨接触条件,根据接触冲击响应的虚位移原理,将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,确立轮轨接触变分方程;采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,进一步建立轨道结构动力有限元方程,从而可模拟计算落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应。基于该分析方法,求解了弹性支承块轨道结构的动力性能,并由现场实测得到验证。结果表明,运用所建立的落轴冲击有限元计算模型分析轨道结构动力性能,直观有效。     

弹性支承块轨道结构落轴冲击动力性能分析

将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,建立轨道结构落轴冲击动力有限元方程。分析落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应,比较弹性支承块及短轨枕埋入式整体道床轨道结构的动力性能,并用现场实测数据进行验证。结果表明:弹性支承块轨道结构与普通短轨枕结构相比,其轨下及块下刚度易于调整,可进行双层弹性的合理匹配,从而有效吸收轮轨冲击,提高列车运行平稳性,具有减振降噪与延缓轮轨磨损等优越性能。建议其块下刚度稍大于轨下刚度,增幅值控制在20%以内。     

An approach to estimating the hull girder response of a ship due to springing

This article describes an estimation method for the hull girder response of a ship due to springing. The linear and nonlinear springing effects on the hull girder are evaluated. Previous studies on the springing response focused mainly on the symmetric response, or vertical response. In this article, however, the springing analysis is extended to asymmetric responses, or horizontal and torsional responses. The Timoshenko beam model was used to calculate the hull girder response and the quadratic strip method was employed to calculate hydrodynamic forces and moments on the hull. To remove irregular frequencies, a rigid lid was adopted on the hull free surface level and hydrodynamic coefficients were interpolated for asymptotic values. Applications to two ships for the symmetric and asymmetric responses were carried out and the effect of springing responses is also discussed.     

溢油应急培训现状与思考

分析了溢油应急培训现状及存在的实际问题,并在此基础上提出了加强溢油应急培训的意见和建议。     

基于模态参数的工程结构损伤识别方法

介绍了结构故障诊断的技术手段以及应用振动诊断进行结构损伤识别的研究现状。应用有限元程序进行模态分析和频响分析,得到在不同损伤度的条件下轮对局部模态频率和振幅幅值的变化趋势。提出基于频率移动和模态振型变化来判断结构损伤。     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊温度场的数值模拟

为了研究搅拌摩擦焊在焊接过程中温度场的变化情况，文中根据摩擦学原理，建立了搅拌摩擦焊热输入的数学模型，利用ANSYS有限元分析软件计算出瞬态温度场分布，并得到了试板上任意一点温度随时间的变化曲线。通过将计算结果与实验值比较，验证了计算结果的正确性。结果表明：搅拌摩擦焊是一种固态焊接方法，而且搅拌头前面的高温区域要比后方窄；在板厚方向上，温度是由表面向底面依次降低的；对于与焊缝中心等距离的点，后方比前方达到的温度最高值要稍高。     

预应力混凝土路面的温度应力分析方法

针对混凝土路面的力学分析通常采用弹性半空间地基模型，考虑到预应力混凝土路面的特点，采用板底摩阻力的迭代处理模型和多向影射无界元，提出用有限元-无界元耦合的方法计算预应力混凝土路面的应力和变形。计算结果表明分析模型是正确的，新计算方法具有结点数目少、精度高、便于网格自动形成等特点。     

分数阶系统极点分布与时间响应

与传统线性定常控制系统相比,分数阶线性定常系统极点分布与时间响应关系有所不同.本文通过分析多值函数特性在黎曼平面中的表达以及s-平面与w-平面的映射关系,给出了分数阶线性定常系统极点分布与时域响应的定性关系.对位于第二黎曼平面的极点更加远离s-平面的右半平面给出了形象化解释,并称其对应的时间响应为“超阻尼”响应.最后介绍了一种分数阶线性定常系统的稳定性判据.